EXPLANATIO

N TEXT
WHY AND HOW SOMETHING
WORKS
 DEFINITION

A text that tells or explains about why and how a

natural or social phenomena happens. It is a non-
fictional text which gives detailed and logical
explanations and stages of why and how the described
phenomena happens.
 Types of Explanation Text

Sequental Explanation Cause and Effect Explanation

Describe natural and non- Link cause and effect in the

natural phenomena, for explanation, how and why
example photosynthesis. occurred, for example
volcanoes.
 SOCIAL FUNCTION

01 To tell why and how a

phenomena happens

To explain the processes involved in

02 the evolution of natural and social
phenomena or how something works
 GENERAL STRUCTURE OF
EXPLANATION TEXT
Title

General
Statement
A sequenced
(Introduction)
explanation
Conclusion
Where the topic Consist of the sequenced explanation
is introduced of why and how something occures, Conclude the
or a chronological steps which explain explanation
how or why something happens
 Linguistic Features
● Focuses on general group rather than specific
● Use of Linking words like in general, rather, for instance.
● Use of action verbs like breaks, erupts.
● Use of present tense like is, wake, are.
● Reference to people should not be given.
● Use of technical terms and language relevant to subject.
● Conjunctions should be used to make connections like and, but.
● Gives a detailed description to create a rich meaning.
● Passive voice may be used.
 Passive Voice
Focused on the person or object that experiences/receives the action rather
than a person or object that perform the action.

S V O
I write a letter Transitive Verb
Present
Tense A letter is written [by me]
Helping
Verb/auxiliar
y verb Object pronoun
The shoes are cleaned
Past
Ex: The shoes aren’t cleaned participle
form/V3
Are the shoes cleaned?
Aren’t the shoes cleaned?
 S V O
Past Tense They created a cool artwork
A cool artwork was created [by them]

Helping Past
Verb/auxiliar participle Object pronoun
y verb form/V3

The houses were built in 1997.

The houses weren’t built in 1997.
Were the houses built in 1997?
Weren’t the houses built in 1997?
 How Does Rain Happen? Title
Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world. It also
provides `suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems. In addition, rain water is also Explanation
for hydroelectric power as well as plants and crop irrigation. Rain provides us life.
However, how does rain happen?
The phenomenon of rain is actually a water cycle. The concept of the water
cycle involves the sun heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface
water to evaporate. The water vapors then rises into the Earth’s atmosphere. The
water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets Sequenced
grow until they are heavy and fall to the earth. Explanation
When the droplets fall to the earth, it is called rain. The rain can be in the
form of water or snow. However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates
while falling through dry air. This is called virga, a phenomenon which is often
seen in hot, dry desert regions.