CRITIQUE OF NURSING

RESEARCH STUDIES
 TITLE OF THE STUDY
EFFECT OF EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE
REGARDING PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF ICU SYNDROME
AMONG CRITICAL CARE NURSES.
 CRITIQUE
Aspect of the report Critiquing questions

Title Is the title a good one, The title is a good one,

succinctly suggesting that clearly defined
key variables and the key variables and the
study population? study population
Abstract
Does the abstract The abstract clearly
clearly and concisely and concisely
summarize the main summarized regarding
features of the report the problem , methods,
(problem, results and conclusion.
methods ,results
conclusion)
 Statement of the Problem

A study to assess the effect of education programme on knowledge

regarding preventive measures of ICU syndrome among critical care
nurses in ICUs of selected hospital, Ernakulam.
Introduction-
• The research problem is clearly stated. The research problem is
Statement of the
problem • It clearly states the variables, population and clearly stated with
research setting under study is also included. variables, population and
• The variables are expressed in measurable terms research settings. the but
• The type of study is also included in the statement it does not have the
of a research problem. potential to produce
• Whether the problem is significant and has the evidence to improve
potential to produce evidence to improve nursing nursing practice.
practice. Purpose is clearly stated.
• Whether the purpose is clearly stated? is there a Qualitative approach is
good match between the problem and the paradigm better than quantitative.
and the methods used.
• Is a quantitative approach appropriate?
 Hypotheses
Hypotheses will be tested at 0.05 level of significance

H1: The mean post-test knowledge scores of critical care nurses regarding
preventive measures of ICU syndrome will be significantly higher than the
mean pre-test knowledge scores.

H2: There will be a significant association between pre-test knowledge scores of

critical care nurses with selected sample variables.
Hypotheses or Is there a formal hypothesis? If no
research hypotheses, their absence is
questions justified?
Are hypotheses worded properly?
Whether the hypotheses are
logically connected and are
consistent with the existing
evidence or relevant theory?
Do they state a predicted
relationship between variables?
Is it naturally flow from research
problem
There is formal
hypotheses(associative)
which is worded properly,
naturally flow from
research problem and
stated a predicted
relationship among
variables but not the type
of relationship.
Literature review • Is the review of literature up to
date and based on primary
sources?
• Does the review of literature
provide a sound basis for the
study?
• Does the review of literature
review provide a sound basis for
the new study?
• Does it follow a logical sequence
leading to a critical review of
supporting and conflicting work?
• Does the investigator describe
gaps in literature and support the
necessity of the present study?
It is up to date(2007 –
2016) ,and based on primary
sources.
It provide sound basis for the
study (21 literature reviews).
It follows logical sequence
( Literature related to ICU
syndrome, knowledge of
nurses regarding ICU
syndrome and effect of
education programme on
ICU syndrome )
Conceptual • Are the concepts adequately Imogene King goal
/theoretical defined attainment theory is a middle
framework • Is there a conceptual or theoretical range theory derived from
framework King's Conceptual System.
• Is it appropriate The Theory of Goal
• If not, is the absence of one Attainment focuses on the
justified? interactions between the
• Are measures for each of the personal, interpersonal, and
concepts identified and described? social systems.
It describes a dynamic,
interpersonal relationship in
which a patient grows and
develops to attain certain life
goals. The theory explains
that factors which can affect
the attainment of goals are
roles, stress, space, and time.
Protection of  Were approximate procedures
human rights used to safeguard the rights of
study participants
 Was the study externally
reviewed by an IRB/ethics
review board
 Was the study designed to
minimize risks and maximize
benefits to participants
Informed consent taken
from the participants
Ethical clearance for the
study obtained and
permission for conducting
study was obtained from
Lourdes hospital.
Methods  Was the most rigorous possible Pre experimental
  design used, given the study one group pre test-
Research design purpose? post test design is used.
In one group pre test post
 Were appropriate comparisons
test design, the group is
made to enhance interpretability observed before and
of the findings? after the independent
 Was the number of data variable is introduced.
collection points appropriate?
 Did the design minimize biases
and threats to the internal
construct and external validity
of the study?
Population and  Is the population described? Is
sample the sample described in
sufficient detail?
 Was the best possible Sampling
design used to enhance the
sample’s representativeness?
 Were sampling biases
minimized?
 Was the sample size adequate?
 Was a power analysis used to
estimate sample size needs?
Sampling technique-
Convenience sampling
Sample size-60 critical
care nurses.
Sampling bias are
minimised by inclusion
and exclusion criteria.
Sample size is calculated
by n= [ (Z1-α/2)² × S² ]
d²
Data collection and  Are the operational and Operational and conceptual
measurement conceptual definitions congruent? definitions are congruent.
 Were the key variables Reliability and validity of
operationalized using the best the instrument is adequate
possible method . as the reliability measured
(interview ,observation and so by spilt half method using
on )are specific instruments Spearman Brown Prophecy
adequately described? formula (r= 2r/1+r).
 Are reliability and validity of Value of r was 0.8 and it
instrument adequate was found to be reliable.

 Does the report provide evidence

that the data collection methods
yielded data that were reliable and
valid?
Procedures  Is there was an intervention, is It was a Pre-experimental
it adequately described study.
 Did participants allocated to
the intervention group
adequately actually receive it?
 Is there evidence of
intervention fidelity?
 Were data collected in a
manner that minimized bias?
 Was the staff that collected the
data appropriately trained?
Results  Were analysis undertaken to address Each hypotheses is tested by
Data analysis each question or test each hypotheses appropriate statistical methods(
 Were appropriate statistical methods Chi square and Paired t-test)
used, given the level of measurement type I and type II errors are
avoided.
of the variables, number of groups
being compared and assumptions of
the tests?
 Was the most powerful analytic
method used?
 Were type I and Type II errors
avoided or minimized
 Were problems of missing values
evaluated and adequately addressed?
 
 
Findings  Is information about statistical
significance presented?
 Is information about
confidence interval presented
 Are the findings adequately
summarized with good use of
tables and figures?
 Are findings reported in a
manner that facilitates a meta
analysis and with sufficient
information needed for EBP
Information about
statistical significance
presented and were
summarized with good
use of tables and figures.
Results were reported in
a manner that helps meta
analysis later.
Discussion  Are all major findings interpreted There was proper
Interpretation of the and discussed within the context interpretation of findings
findings of prior research /or the study’s
  conceptual framework?
 Are interpretations well-founded
and consistent with the study’s
limitations
 Does the report address the issue
of the generatability of the
findings?
 Are study limitations identified?
 Are results described in light of
theoretical framework and
supporting literature?
 
Implications  Do the implications discuss the
  interpretations of the study for
clinical practice and further
research----and are those
implications reasonable and
complete?
The implications
discussed the
interpretations of the
study for clinical practice
but they fails to make an
enhanced change in
clinical practice.
Global issues  Is the report well The report was written in
presentation written ,organized and a manner that makes the
sufficiently detailed for clinical findings accessible to
practicing nurses.
analysis
 In interventional studies is a
CONSORT flow chart provided
to flow of participants in the
study?
 Is the report written in a
manner that makes the findings
accessible to practicing nurses?
Credibility of  Do the researcher’s clinical
researcher substantive or methodological
qualifications and experience
enhance confidence in the
findings and their
interpretations.
 
The researcher’s
experience enhance
confidence in the findings
and their interpretations
as the researcher have
clinical experience in
ICU.
Summary  Despite any limitations do the
Assessment study findings appear to be
valid –do you have confidence
in the truth value of the results.
 Does the study contribute any
meaningful evidence that can
be used in nursing practice or
that is useful to the nursing
practice?
The study findings appear
to be valid and had
contributed to make a
change in the nursing
practice by providing
improvement in
nurse’s knowledge and
thereby the prevalence
rate of ICU syndrome can
be reduced.