TLE-ICT

for STE 7 Class

GRADE 7 NEWTON & EINSTEIN

School Year 2022-2023

INTRODUCTION TO
INFORMATION &
COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY
OBJECTIVES
1. Summarize key events in
the history of computers
2. Discuss the different forms
and types of computers that
emerged throughout history
3. List key players in the
history of computers
 EVOLUTION OF ICT
The beginning of ICT can be traced back
when humans started to use objects to
communicate with one another. Four main
periods in history divide the era of ICT,
namely:
1. PRE-MECHANICAL;
2. MECHANICAL;
3. ELECTROMECHANICAL; &
4. ELECTRONIC PERIODS
 PRE-MECHANICAL PERIOD
During this time, humans started
communicating with one another using words
and pictograms carved on rocks.
 It happened around 1450 BCE to 1450 CE.
 Humans started communicating with one
another using words and pictograms curved
in rocks.
 Paper from papyrus plant was invented;
storing of information was revolutionized.
 Paper where compiled and bound together,
eventually giving birth to books.
MECHANICAL PERIOD
Served as the bridge between our
current period and the pre-
mechanical period.
 It started around 1450-1840.
 The interest in automating and speeding up
numerical calculations grew during this
period.
 The machines driven by mechanical means
such as steam and gears dominated
information processing and calculation.
 Themechanical calculator,
“Pascaline” was the
highlight of this period. It
was invented by the famous
mathematician inventor
Blaise Pascal along with
Wilhelm Schickard.
 CHARLES
BABBAGE
1791 - 1871

 FATHER OF COMPUTERS
 ANALYTICALENGINE,
FIRST PROGRAMMABLE
COMPUTER
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD
This period saw the use of telegraph to transmit
information over long distances.
 It started around 1840-1940.
 The use of electricity for information handling
and transfer bloomed.
 The telephone was later invented, enabling
voice transmission over long distances.
 Humans started to control electricity using
vacuum tubes in devices that eventually led to
the development of today’s electronic gadgets.
 Telegraph- considered as the first electrical
communications device. First invented by in 1837
by William Cooke and Sir Charles Wheatstone,
the first working model used five magnetic
needles that could be pointed around set of
letters and numbers by using electric current.
 Samuel Morse, an American inventor, introduced
the first single-circuit telegraph in 1844, which
give rise to the Morse code.
 In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was granted
patent for the telephone
ELECTRONIC PERIOD
The highlight of this period is focused on the
advent of solid state devices/electronic devices
 It started in the 1940’s up to present.
 There are four main event found in this period, these
are:
The late vacuum tubes period;
the transistors period;
the integrated circuits period; and
The computer processors period
 Electronic Numerical Integrator and
Computer (ENIAC)- the first electronic
general purpose computer.
 Jack Kilby was credited for
introducing the integrated circuit in
1958. It is a device that is composed
of transistors and circuit elements
compressed in a single package.
 ICs are used in processing devices,
and processors are constructed in IC
forms . Personal Computers then
used these processors to deliver user
applications.