CONDITIONAL

S
Prepared by: Ma’am Camille
TENSES OF VERBS
VERBS
-a word or group of words that
expresses time while showing an
action, a condition, or a fact that
something exists
Identify the verbs and tenses of the verbs in the
given sentences.

◦The boy walks.

◦The girls ran.
What is a verb tense?

◦ Generally speaking, verb tenses identify the time

period when an action occurs.
◦ The verb walks communicates not only how
many people completed the action (it’s singular),
but also when it occurred. In this case, the tense
is present. The person walks right now.
12 types of verb tenses

◦The simple tenses (past, present,

and future) are the most basic forms,
but there are 12 major verb tenses in
English in all. 
Past tenses
◦ The past tenses use verbs to say that something happened in the
past, meaning any time before this moment right now. There are
four variations of past tenses:
• Simple past
• Past continuous
• Past perfect
• Past perfect continuous
Simple past
◦ The simple past tense describes events that have
already happened and are completely finished. Most
verbs can be made past tense by adding -ed, –d, or
sometimes the variant –t at the end of a present tense
verb, as in liked and watched.
◦ However, many irregular verbs have unique past tense
forms. For example, go becomes went,
and think becomes thought.
◦ Simple past is usually used to write about
historical events, like so:
• Galileo observed the stars.
◦ In this example, the verb tense indicates that
the astronomer Galileo completely finished the
act of observing the stars at some point in the
past.
Past continuous
◦ The past continuous tense describes an ongoing activity that occurred in
the past. It is formed by combining the past tense verb to be (which must
be correctly conjugated to agree with the subject) and the 
present participle of a verb (ending in –ing):
 The planet was moving along an elliptical orbit.
◦ In this example, the verb tense says that the planet began moving
sometime in the past and continued to do so for a period of time (in the
past).
Past perfect
◦ The perfect tenses involve more complex time relationships. They build upon
simple tenses by combining a verb with has, have, or had.
◦ The past perfect tense, also called the pluperfect tense, describes a past event
in relation to another event that occurs closer to the present. It is formed by
combining had and the past participle of the verb.
 The girl bought the telescope her teacher had recommended to her.
◦ The girl bought (simple past) what the teacher had recommended (past perfect
tense). One action occurred (had recommended) before the other (bought).
Past perfect continuous
◦ The past perfect continuous tense describes an ongoing action that—like
the past perfect—was performed in relation to another event that occurs
closer to the present. It is formed by combining had been with the present
participle of the verb.
 He had been studying for his astronomy final when the doorbell rang.
◦ The above example uses the verb tense to indicate that he was studying for
a length of time before another event (the doorbell ringing) interrupted or
stopped his act of studying.
Present tenses
◦ Generally speaking, we use the present tenses to say that an
event is happening right now in the present time. Like the past
tenses, there are four variations of present tenses:
 Simple present
 Present continuous
 Present perfect
 Present perfect continuous
Simple present

The simple present tense describes events happening now. It’s

also useful for describing a direct action that’s not exclusive to
the past or future.
Sentences in present tense often have the most straightforward
structure because they use the root form of the verb or a
conjugation of the verb to be. The root form of the verb is the
form you will find if you look up a verb in our dictionary.
We often use the simple present tense to state facts:
Cats eat mice and birds.

In this sentence, the simple present tense is used to state the fact that cats regularly eat
mice and birds.
When you use the verb be in the simple present tense, it must agree with the 
subject of the sentence. For example:
I am tall.
You are my best friend.
She is my older sister.
We are hungry.
They are late for work.
Present continuous

◦ The present continuous tense describes an ongoing activity that is

happening now, in the present. It is formed by combining the
verb to be and the present participle of the verb (ending in –ing):
 The baby is laughing at Shelly’s monkey puppet.
◦ In this example, the verb tense is used to state that the baby is
currently in the process of laughing at Shelly’s silly puppet and will
likely continue to do so for a while yet.
Present perfect

◦ The present perfect tense describes a past event that’s still happening in the

present. It is formed by combining the word has or have (depending on the
subject) with the past participle of the verb.
◦ Let’s look at this sentence:

 The baby has played this game before.

◦ In this example, the verb tense states that a past event is related to the present. In
this case, the sentence is saying that the baby is currently playing a game that
they have also played at another time in the past.
Present perfect continuous

◦ The present perfect continuous tense describes an ongoing action that began in

the past and  is still occurring in the present. It is formed by combining the
phrase has been or have been (depending on the subject) with the present
participle of the verb.
 Shelly has been babysitting for years.
◦ In this example, the verb tense is used to say that Shelly started babysitting
children in the past, continued to babysit for years, and still continues to
babysit now.
Future tenses
◦ We use the future tenses to say that an event will happen sometime in the
future. Like past and present tenses, there are four variations of future tenses:
 Simple future
 Future continuous
 Future perfect
 Future perfect continuous
Simple future
◦ The simple future tense describes events that haven’t happened yet. It’s useful for
describing an intended action or a prediction. It’s typically formed by combining the
word will or, less commonly, shall with a root verb.
For example:

 Molly will finish her chores when she has time.

 We shall travel to France next summer.
◦ The word will is an auxiliary verb, and finish is the root verb. Together, they explain
that Molly intends to do her chores at a later point in time.
Future continuous tense

◦ The future continuous tense describes an activity that will extend over

a period of time and will happen in the future. It is formed by
combining the phrase will be and the present participle of the verb
(ending in –ing):
 I will be working all afternoon, so I can’t help Olivia with her report.
◦ In this sentence, the verb tense is used to say that I plan to work for a
period of time in the future.
Future perfect tense

◦ The future perfect tense describes an upcoming action in relation to

another event farther in the future. It is formed by combining the
phrase will have and the past participle of the verb:
 By tomorrow afternoon, Olivia will have finished her report.
◦ This sentence uses the future perfect tense to say that Olivia’s
report is incomplete right now, but it will be finished before
tomorrow afternoon
Future perfect continuous
◦ The future perfect continuous tense describes an action that will extend over a
period of time and will be performed in relation to another future event. It is formed
by combining the phrase will have been with the present participle of the verb
(ending in –ing):
 When this show ends, Molly will have been watching TV for three hours.
◦ This sentence uses the future perfect continuous tense to say that, in the future,
Molly will be watching TV for three hours when this show ends (which will also
happen in the future). By using the future perfect continuous tense, this sentence
also implies that Molly may still continue to watch TV even after the show is over.
a. The crowd claps and laughed
at the comedian.
b. The crowd clapped and
laughed at the comedian.
Perfect grammar has never been easier
◦ To avoid confusion, you should use one consistent tense whenever possible.
◦ Incorrect: The crowd claps and laughed at the comedian.
◦ Correct: The crowd clapped and laughed at the comedian.
◦ The incorrect example contains both a present tense verb (claps) and a past
tense verb (laughed). This can be confusing. If both actions are past or present,
both verbs should have the same tense.
CONDITIONAL
S
Prepared by: Ma’am Camille
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
 Differentiate present real and unreal
conditions,
 Use appropriate form of the verb in the present
real/ unreal conditionals; and
◦ Construct sentences using present conditionals
◦If I go to London, I will see the Big
Ben.
◦If I go to Buckingham Palace, I can
take a photo of the Royal Guard.
CLAUSE
◦INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
◦DEPENDENT CLAUSE
 (DEPENDENT CLAUSE)

◦If I go to London, I
will see the Big Ben.
(INDEPENDENT CLAUSE)
◦If I go to Buckingham
Palace, I can take a photo
of the Royal Guard.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE is a
sentence that has an if – clause which
states a condition and another clause
that states what happens as a result of
the condition.
Conditional sentences have an if clause
(condition) and a result clause.
If clause
● If people get stressed,
they do yoga or meditation
Result clause
technique.
A conditional sentence can begin with the if
clause or the result clause.
● If you have poor memory, jot down reminders on a
note pad.
● Jot down reminders on a note pad if you have poor
memory.
◦The form of the verb in the if – clause
depends on whether the condition is present
and impossible, future and possible, or past
and unreal (English Expressway III).
CONDITIONALS

◦Present Real/ Present Unreal Conditionals

◦Past Real/ Past Unreal Conditionals
◦Future Real/ Future unreal Conditionals
REAL CONDITIONAL
◦ describes general truth, or scientific facts
◦ used to talk about what you normally do in real – life situations.
◦ FORM [If / When ... Simple Present ..., ... Simple Present ...] [... Simple
Present ... if / when ... Simple Present ...]
Examples:
● If James answers the self-learning modules diligently, he can finish them on
time.
● If I borrow a friend's car, I usually refill its tank with gas.
● My father helps me with my homework
when he has time.
● If Pablo accepts COVID 19 vaccine, he
protects himself and others from being
infected by the coronavirus.
◦Both "if" and "when" are used in the
present real conditional.
◦Using "if" suggests that something
happens less frequently.
◦Using "when" suggests that something
happens regularly.
Examples:
● When the teachers go to school, they always follow the
health protocols such as wearing of face masks and social
distancing. (They regularly go to school.)

● If the parents go to school, they usually see the teachers to

ask about the performance of his/her child in school.. (The
parents rarely go to school.)
Use Present Real Conditionals for
general truths. Use the simple present in
both clauses.

● If your body temperature is above 37

C, you have a fever
Use real conditionals for habits and
things that happen again and again.
● If I’m feeling dehydrated, I drink more
than eight glasses of water.
● If I eat sweets, I gain more weight.
Use with modals .
You can use modals in result
clause.
● If your eyes feel strained, you
should refrain from using digital
screen for long hours.
Use with imperatives . You can use
imperatives in the result clause.
● If your think you have COVID
19 symptoms, consult your doctor.
PRESENT UNREAL CONDITIONAL

◦. It is used to talk about what you

would generally do in imaginary
situations.
◦Use the simple past in the if- clause. If the verb is be, use were
for all persons.
◦Use could, might, or would+ base form in the result clause.
Example:
● If I got a job, I would help other people. (But I don’t
have a job).
● Hannah could take good quality photos if she had a
high-end camera.(But she doesn't have a camera.)
◦EXCEPTION: If I were ... In the present
unreal conditional, the form "was" is not
considered grammatically correct. In written
English or in testing situations, you
should always use "were."
Examples:

◦● If I were a boy, I would be a gentleman.

◦● If she were given an international
scholarship, she would prefer South Korea.
◦● I would choose face-to-face classes over
online classes if it were safer.
Is it Real or Unreal? Directions: Identify whether the statement is A)
present real conditional or B) present unreal conditional. Write the letter of
your answer on the space provided before each number.

___________________1. If people don’t eat, they get

hungry.
___________________2. If I had one wish, I would wish
for world peace.
___________________ 3. If I play online games all day, my
eyes feel strained.
Is it Real or Unreal? Directions: Identify whether the
statement is A) present real conditional or B) present
unreal conditional. Write the letter of your answer on
the space provided before each number.
___________________4. I am late for school if I miss the 6:00
o’clock bus.
___________________5. If she were you, she would behave
more politely.
___________________6. If you combine sodium and chlorine--
two poisonous elements, you get the generally harmless sodium
chloride or table salt.
Is it Real or Unreal? Directions: Identify whether the statement
is A) present real conditional or B) present unreal conditional.
Write the letter of your answer on the space provided before
each number.
___________________7. If athletes do not warm up thoroughly before
practicing or competing, they can suffer injuries to their bones and muscles.
___________________8. If I were rich, I would buy a ship and enjoy cruising.
___________________ 9. If you heat water, it evaporates.
___________________10. If the delivery man arrives, tell him to drop the letter
in the mailbox.
BOARD WORK

◦Construct sentences with

present real and unreal
conditions
◦What is the importance of
knowing the difference between
present real and present unreal
conditionals?
TEST- Directions: Encircle the appropriate form of the verb that will
complete the following sentences.
1. If I were you, I (will, would) accept his offer.
2. If he graduates with honors, he (landed, would land) a job immediately.
3. Children do not learn the value of money if they (are not put, will be put)
on a tight budget.
4. When the ice pack on Greenland melts, the ocean level (rises, rise).
5. The irony is that if farmers produce more, then the unit value of their
farm products (get, gets) depressed, and they just earn the same profit for
more work.
Directions: Make a meaningful sentence
by matching the clause in Column A with
the clause in Column B. Write your
answers on the lines provided.
◦ Directions: Assume that you are one of the following personalities. Give your
insights/plans that will help improve the quality of life of the people. Use present
unreal conditional in expressing your thoughts. (* The rubric below serves as
your guide in assessing your written output.)
◦ 1. If I were President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Romualdez Marcos Jr.,
______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
◦ 2. If I were Sara Vicentia Zimmerman Duterte- Carpio
_______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.