• Brief 1Portfolio Development:

a) Fiber/yarn with respect to physical and chemical properties

b) Material (woven/knitted fabric, leather & other material) file with
details of fabric like name, content, weave, constructions, end use
and price/meter or kg
• Brief 2Test on fiber properties, yarn characteristics and fabric
manufacturing.
Fibers list
• Cotton
• Silk
• Nylon
• Wool
• Hemp
• Jute
• Flax
• Asbestos
• Polyester
• Rayon
Yarn list
• Banana
• Lotus
• Ramie
• Terelyne
• Acrylic
• Milk
• aramid
Cotton
Physical properties
1. Length: 0.5ʺ – 2.5”

2. Strength, tenacity (gm per denier): 3 – 5

3. Dimensional stability: medium

4. Heat preventive power: medium

5. Moisture regain: 7-10% (standard 8.5%)

6. Stiffness: 57-60 g/d due to high crystallinity

7. Elasticity: 1.50- 1.58

8. Resiliency: low

9. Abrasion resistance: medium

10. Density (gm/cc): less than both silk and wool but more than linen.

11. Color: cream or yellowish like clean white.

12. Specific gravity: 1.52-1.55

Chemical properties
1. Action with alkali:
Here, preventive power is good. Alkali does not damage cotton fibre. 
2. Action with acid:
Strong acid damage the fibres. Concentrated sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid damage the fibre. But weak acid does not
damage the fibre.
 3. Action with bleaching:
No damaging event is occurred here. Cotton is converted into oxi-cellulose in strong oxidizing bleaching.
4. Action with organic solvent:
Resistance so dry is possible here.
5. Sunlight preventive power:
Ultraviolet ray converts the cotton into oxi-cellulose.
 6. Mildew preventive power:
Untreated not easy. There is possibility to be affected.
7. Dye ability:
Affinity to color is good. Direct, reactive, sulphur and vat dyes are used.
 8. Insects preventive power:
Not affected by moth.
9. Heat:
Conductive ironing temperature is 150°C where decompose is 2400°C and ignition temperature is 390°C.
Silk
Physical properties
1. Length: Silk fiber length varies from 400 to 700 meters.

2. Fineness: Silk is a very fine fiber. Its fineness varies from 11 to 12 microns.

3. Cross-section: Its cross-section is triangular.

4. Strength: Strength of silk fiber is reasonably good. Its tenacity varies from 2.4 to 5.1 gram per denier.

5. Stretch and Elasticity: Extensibility is 15% when at break. Recovery from stretch is 90% when extension is up to 2%.

6. Resiliency: Resiliency of silk fiber is moderate.

7. Abrasion Resistance: Its abrasion resistance is reasonably good.

8. Moisture Regain: Moisture regain of silk fiber is 11%.

9. Biological Properties: Normally, silk fiber is unaffected by fungus, moths and insects.

10. Flammability: Its burn slowly when contact with flame. Silk fiber also self-extinguishes.

11. Electrical and Thermal Conductivity: Heat and current flow rate is low.
Chemical properties
1. Effect of Bleaches:
Damages by the effects of strong bleaching agents. Hence, perfectly while silk fabric is not seen.

2. Effect of Acid and Alkali:

Strong mineral acid damages silk fiber and strong alkali also damages silk.

3. Effect of Organic Solvent:

Silk is unaffected by the organic solvent hence dry cleaning is safe.

4. Dye-Ability:
Dyeing at low temperature by direct, acid, basic, vat and reactive dyes could be done.
LOTUS
• WIDTH: 41“inch
• GSM: 0.125g
• EPI X PPI:79 X 31
• WEAVE/KNIT: Plain weave
• FIBER CONTENT: 50% cotton 50% banana
• FEEL TEST: Mediate Soft
• AIR & LIGHT PERMEABILITY: high
• MOISTURE ABSORPTION: high
• SOURCING: www.vrittidesigns.com
• PRICE: ₹455/m
• END USE: ropes, mats, handbags, clothing-and even paper
• 23.ORGANZA
• 24.JUTE
• 25.LOTUS
• 26.RAMIE
• 27.TERELYNE
• 28.MILK
• 29.ARAMID
• 30.ACRYLIC