Introduction to Sociology

Instructor: Ms. Kanwal Ejaz

Introduction to Sociology
The word sociology was coined( created) by Auguste Comte – French
Philosopher in 1839. He is consider as a father of Sociology.
 Sociology is the youngest of all the Social Sciences.
Social Sciences are the related disciplines (fields) that study various
aspects of human social behavior.
The other social sciences include: history, anthropology, psychology,
economics and political science.
Introduction to Sociology
That uses systematic methods of empirical (observed) investigation
(inquiry) and critical analysis to develop and refine( enhance) a body of
knowledge about human social structure and activity, sometimes with the
goal of applying such knowledge to the pursuit(search) of social welfare.
 The word Sociology is derived from the Latin Word ‘Societus’ which
means ‘society’ and the Greek word ‘logos’ means ‘science or study or
advanced study’
 Science of society or study of society.
 Selection of social

Introduction to Sociology problem

Definitions of Sociology Observation

/investigation
L.F. Ward defines,
“Sociology is the science of society”. Data Collection

Follow Scientific Data Analysis

Science
way/Systematic way
Report Writing
To investigate the
problems of Society Results

Recommendations
/changes/
Amendments
Introduction to Sociology
Emile Durkheim defines,
 “ Sociology as a science of social institutions”.

Politics Family Media

Social
Institutions

Economic Education

Religion
 Introduction to Sociology
Definitions of Sociology
Ginsberg says,
“Sociology is the study of human interaction and interrelation of their conditions
and consequences”.
Ogburn and Nimkoff defines,
 “Sociology as the study of social life”.
Weber defines,
 “Sociology is the study of social action”.
Conclusion
Having a review of all the definitions, it is concluded that sociology is the scientific study
of social relations.
 So we can conclude that sociology is the systematic study of human behavior.
 Introduction to Sociology
Subject matter of Sociology
Sociology is the study of society
Sociology is the science of social life
Sociology is the study of social relationships
Sociology is the study of human behavior in groups
Sociology is the study of forms of social relationships
Sociology is the study of social action
 Sociology is the study of social groups and social systems
Why Study Sociology
Sociology can give you a new perspective on yourself and the world
around you.
Its called the sociological perspective.
By adopting the sociological perspective we can look beyond
commonly said beliefs to determine hidden meanings behind
human actions.
Why Study sociology
The sociological perspective helps us understand that peoples behavior is
influenced by social factors and learned behaviors from those around us.
The sociological perspective can help us view the world through the eyes
of others.
By developing this perspective we can begin to use the sociological
imagination; the ability to see a connection between the larger world and
one’s personal life.
Classification of sciences
Sciences
Anthropology

Physical Social
Sciences Sciences

Study of culture
Sociology Determines the Relationship and inter-
dependence between: They did not physical
exist but they are very
Different Elements of Social life important

Morals and Religion

Material and Non Material Objects
Scientific and Technological Advancements Physical existence
Any Question?