The Concept of Sentence, Its

types and Parts of Speech

Basic Structure Class ( 2nd Meeting)
Iin Widya Lestari, M.Pd.
 • Please analyze the
sentences!
• What do you find ?
Sentence and its structure
Look at the sentences below :
• What components do
• Mr. Martin works in the Office the sentences have?
• Sheila sometimes helps her mother on
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Basic Elements of Every Sentence

SUBJECT PREDICATE

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Basic Elements

SUBJECT PREDICATE

Mary plays tennis.

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 Types of Sentence

Simple Sentence

Compound Sentence (C)

Complex Sentence (Cx)

Compound – Complex Sentence

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 Simple Sentence

What is Simple
Sentence??

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Simple Sentence

• A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate.

• In other word, simple sentence has a single verb and it has

meaning.

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Simple Sentence

Pronoun Verb Prepositional phrase

We went to San Juan .

Simple subject Complete predicate

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SIMPLE SENTENCE

SUBJECT PREDICATE

Mary plays tennis.

one subject one predicate

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Simple Sentence

Tom and Mary play tennis.

Compound Subject

&
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Simple Sentence

play tennis and swim.

Tom and Mary

Compound Subject Compound Predicate

& &

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Compound Sentence

• A compound sentence has more than one part that can

stand alone (independent clauses).

• Independent clauses are connected by coordinating

conjunctions, conjunctive adverbs or a semi-colon.

• It commonly uses punctuation (colon, semicolon and

others) and conjunction.
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 Compound Sentence

Use of Coordinating Conjunctions

SUBJECT PREDICATE

and

SUBJECT PREDICATE
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 COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

FOR
AND
NOR
BUT
OR
YET
SO
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Compound Sentence

Subject Verb Prepositional phrase

We went to San Juan,

Coordinating Predicate
Conjunction

and most of us danced all night .

Subject Verb Modifying phrase

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COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.

Comma before “and”

in compound
sentences!
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 COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

MOREOVER
HOWEVER
OTHERWISE
THEREFORE

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 COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.

Note: Semicolon
before conjunctive
adverb and comma
after conjunctive adverb!
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Complex Sentence

• A complex sentence has at least two parts:

one that can stand alone and another one
that cannot
• The part that cannot stand alone is linked
to the rest of the sentence by a
subordinating conjunction.
• It commonly has particular connector to
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COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

The most common subordinating

conjunctions are "after," "although,"
"as," "because," "before," "how,"
"if," "once," "since," "than,"
"that," though," "till," "until,"
"when," "where," "whether,” and
while."

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Complex Sentence

Since we wanted to have fun,

Subordinating
Conjunction
Part that cannot stand alone

Subject Predicate

we went to San Juan yesterday.

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COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Bob is popular even though he is ugly.

Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Dependent

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Compound-Complex Sentence
• This type of sentence has more than one
part that can stand alone, and at least one
that cannot.
• Conjunctions link the different parts of
this sentence.

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 Compound-Complex Sentence
Subordinating
Conjunction

Since we wanted to have fun,

Part that cannot stand alone

my boyfriend and I went to San Juan,

Coordinating Subject Predicate

Conjunction

and we danced all night.

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 Parts of Speech
• Sentence and parts of speech are related each other
• Parts of speech refers to word classes according to the part they
play in a sentence.
• In other word, sentences are constructed by combining parts of
speech based on their function.
• Each parts of speech has different function and role in
composing sentence
• That is why parts of speech can be called as central core.

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 Types of Parts of Speech

Noun
Pronoun Verb

Adverb
Parts of Adjective
Speech

Preposition Interjection
Conjunction
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Thank You
Iin Widya Lestri, M.Pd.