Lesson 5:

Metamorphism
What is Metamorphism?
Metamorphism is a process that
changes preexisting rocks into new
forms because of increases in
temperature, pressure, and chemically
active fluids. Metamorphism may affect
igneous, sedimentary, or other
metamorphic rocks.
Type Of Metamorphism

1. Contact Metamorphism
2. Regional Metamorphism
 Contact Metamorphism
-Occurs when magma
moves into rock or
when a rock is near a
body of magma. The
changes are driven by
the increasing
temperature.
 Regional Metamorphism

Rocks are subjected to

direct pressure. It results in
large-scale deformation
and high-grade
metamorphism
 Index Mineral for metamorphism
Minerals become unstable and change into another
mineral without necessary compositional change in
response to heat, pressure, and chemically active
fluids. Example include diamond and coal wherein
only the mineral structure is affected.
a. Factors or agents of metamorphism processes
1. Temperature
2. Pressure
3. Chemically-Active fluids
b. Mineral composition- The mineral composition of resulting
metamorphic rocks are influenced by the following

• Mineral composition of the original or the parent rock

• Composition of fluid phase that was present
• Temperature and Pressure
c. Metamorphic zone and Index minerals
Transition
of
Minerals
 Textual Change in Rocks
At the upper end of metamorphism, the rock melts
and becomes igneous. But the texture of the rock
also changes during metamorphism. The rocks
become foliated, that is the texture sequence of
slaty cleavage to schistosity, to banded , or the
rock sequence slate to phyllite to schist to gneiss.
 a. Foliation- refers in the layering of
metamorphic rocks caused by the crystal
movement, which returns in the deformation of
rocks. The foliation maybe visible or
sometimes microscopic.

b. Non-foliated metamorphic rock- Does

not have banded texture
7.4 rounded grains can become flattened direction of maximum
compressional stress
7.5 rounded grains a quartzite in the sandstone metamorphose to b quartzites
7.6 minerals that crystallize or grow in the differential stress
field me develop a
74.7 minerals that crystallize a granite metamorphosed into
be gneiss preferred orientation
7.8 shows the texture of the fallen metamorphic rock from
microscopic to microscopic view
7.9 metamorphic rock samples from microscopic
foliation to microscopic foliation
Thanks!