Fundamentals of

Civil-Military
Operations
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Ref:
 References

 AFP Civil-Military Operations

Doctrine
 PAM 3-01 Infantry Operations
Manual

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 Scope
 Background
 Definition of CMO
 Levels of CMO
 Imperatives of CMO
 Pillars of CMO
 CMOG Structure

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 HOME OF THE PROFESSIONALS
Ref:
 Background
Why there is a need for CMO?

a. No Enough Popular Support

b. CPP/NPA/NDF as the main threat
group
c. CMO is a means of shaping public
opinion in favor of our organization

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 CMO thru the years

MILE MILVED PI COMREL CIVAC RSS PSYOPS

PILLARS Military Affairs Civil Relations PsyOps

MILVED PI WORDS
PROGRAM
MILE COMREL DEEDS
COMPONENTS
CI CIVAC COUNTER-PROP

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 CMO thru the years

PILLARS Public Affairs Civil Affairs PsyOps

PI CIVREL WORDS
PROGRAM
COMREL CIVAC DEEDS
COMPONENTS
COUNTER-PROP

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 Definition
Civil-Military Operations
 are planned activities undertaken
independently or in coordination with civilian
entities to gain popular support and to weaken
the enemy’s will to fight in support to the
accomplishment of the AFP mission
 designed to address the impact of military
operations to the external public and AFP
adversaries.

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 Levels of CMO

 Tactical
 Operational
 Strategic

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 Imperatives of CMO

o Ensure unity and direction of effort

o Plan properly; anticipate events and
requirements of CMO activities
o Provide protection and security
measures
o Maximize media utilization

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 Imperatives of CMO
o Interface CMO efforts with LGUs, LGAs,
NGOs and POs
o Use CMO as an enabler, catalyzer,
unifier and force multiplier
o Exercise discipline and respect for
human rights
o Use real time intelligence

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 Pillars of CMO

 Public Affairs
 Civil Affairs
 Psyops

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 ENEMY

Pillars of CMO

De
s
PUBLIC AFFAIRS

ed
or
CIVIL AFFAIRS

s
PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS PsyOps

N
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IC

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Civ
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CMO
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Public Civil
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Affairs Affairs
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Community Relations Civil Relations

PUBLIC/ RELATIONSHIP CIVIL

COMMUNITY AUTHORITIES

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 Pillars of CMO

 information-related activities directed to the

public to ensure clear, accurate and timely
dissemination of information
 activities conducted to establish and maintain
constructive relations with public to promote
organizational objectives
 designed to gain popular support

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 Public Affairs
Two (2) Program Components of PA

 Public Information
 Community Relations

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 Public Information

 conducts information activities

directed to the public to ensure a clear,
accurate, and timely dissemination of
information.

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Activities of PI:

 Press releases
 Media appearances
 Press conferences
 AFP information campaign
 Public symposiums
 Face-to-face dialogues
 Audio-Visual displays
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 Community Relations

 establishes and maintains

constructive relations with the
communities through information
activities to promote the organizational
objectives information.

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 Community Relations
ComRel include the following though
not limited to these activities depending on
the military objectives:
 Military participation in community
assemblies and dialogues;
 Community participation in military-
initiated community activities; and

 Production of information materials to

promote the organization’s objectives
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 Pillars of CMO

activities undertaken independent of or in

coordination with civilian entities that promotes
public trust through cooperation, collaboration
and conduct of sociological and developmental
activities
designed to gain popular support
makes the individual soldier and the AFP
responsive to the needs of the society
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 Civil Affairs
Two (2) Program Components of PA

Civil Relations
Civic Action

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 Civil Relations

promotes cooperation and collaboration

between the military and civilians in order
to gain popular support
seeks to continue and enhance the
conduct of civilian-oriented activities to
promote a wide base of popular support
for the AFP and the government

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 Civil Relations
Activities under CivRel may include the
following, though not limited to these activities
depending on the military objectives:

 Inter-agency coordination

 Participation in cause-oriented initiatives

 Participation in socio-cultural activities

 Participation in national/local historical events

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 Civil Relations

military initiated activities with

developmental and sociological purposes
in order to gain popular support
it can range from the delivery of limited
basic services to the implementation of
some engineering projects

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 Civil Action
Activities under CivAc may include the
following, though not limited to these activities
depending on the military objectives:

 Medical and dental services

 Engineer capability assistance

 Humanitarian assistance

 Environmental protection

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 Pillars of CMO

- planned use of activities and other

measures to influence the beliefs,
emotions, behavior, opinions and
attitudes (BEBOA) of target audience
(enemy) towards the accomplishment of
AFP mission

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 PsyOps

to reinforce favorable attitudes and

behavior
to redirect unfavorable attitudes and
behavior and make them favorable
to transform neutral or passive attitude
and behavior to become favorable
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 PsyOps
Three (3) Program Components of PA

Words Psyops
Deeds Psyops
Counter Propaganda

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Ref:
 Words Psyops

involves the dissemination of any

information, concept or idea through the
various media to influence the attitude
and behavior of the target audience
it can also be called as “communication
products”

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 Words Psyops
Activities may include the following though which
delivers a theme or message to influence the mindset of
the target audience to act in accordance with the way
we intend him to do:
Production and distribution of printed materials
such as:
 leaflets, brochures, comics, posters, books,
streamers, object merchandise, and billboards
 Production and presentation of audio, visual and
audio-visual products such as documentaries, TV, radio
plugs, conduct of radio programs, puppet show, talk
shows.
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 Deeds Psyops

involves the conduct of combat and

non-combat activities, to influence the
attitude and behavior of the target
audience
it can also be called as “ actions”

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 Deeds Psyops
In conducting Deeds PsyOps, Words PsyOps is
normally used to complement the objective of the
activity.
Deeds activities such as:
 combat operations/ checkpoints
 guerilla theater operation
 deception operations

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 Deeds activities such as:

 livelihood projects
 sports festival
 medical/dental civic actions
 ALPS which are used to initiate the
required influencing objectives

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Ref:
 Counter-Propaganda
involves the conduct of activities in response
to enemy propaganda
aimed at neutralizing the harmful effects of
the enemy’s propaganda efforts
redirects the target audience to favor friendly
forces
themes capitalize on the weaknesses and
inconsistencies of the enemy’s propaganda

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Counter Propaganda measures:

 Preventive Actions
- Awareness programs

 Counter-actions

Techniques
•Direct refutation •Restrictive measures
•Diversion •Imitative deception
•Silence •Conditioning

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CMO Operational Concepts

Pre-Operations
During Operations
Post Operations

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 Pre-Operations
CMO operator:
assist the commander in analyzing the enemy’s
psychological vulnerabilities and recommend how
the best to exploit it
assist the Commanders to ascertain the social,
cultural, religious, and political considerations that
must be understood prior to insertion into the
target area.
can be deployed in enemy held areas when
required to conduct limited psychological
operations

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 During Operations
CMO operator:
encourage and assist the civilian populace to
establish counter-organizing groups
evaluate effect of exploited vulnerabilities of the
enemy and feeds this valuable information to the
commanders
identifies, facilitates, coordinates and establishes
liaison in obtaining locally available resources for
support of the resistance movement

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 Post-Operations
CMO operator:
facilitates the transition of power back to the LGUs
assists in demobilizing resistance forces
assists in the reorientation, education and
organization of the civilian populace in liberated or
occupied areas to obtain maximum cooperation
and willing acceptance of imposed restrictions and
controls

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Organizational Structure of CMOG

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Check on Learning

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 ENEMY

De
sd

ed
or
W

s
PsyOps

N
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Counter Propaganda
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Civ
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Public Civil
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Affairs Affairs
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Community Relations Civil Relations

PUBLIC/ RELATIONSHIP CIVIL

COMMUNITY AUTHORITIES

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 Pillars of CMO

information-related activities directed to the

public to ensure clear, accurate and timely
dissemination of information
activities conducted to establish and maintain
constructive relations with public to promote
organizational objectives
Designed to gain popular support

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 Pillars of CMO

activities undertaken independent of or in

coordination with civilian entities that promotes
public trust through cooperation, collaboration
and conduct of sociological and developmental
activities
designed to gain popular support
makes the individual soldier and the AFP
responsive to the needs of the society
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 Pillars of CMO

- planned use of activities and other

measures to influence the beliefs,
emotions, behavior, opinions and
attitudes (BEBOA) of target audience
(enemy) towards the accomplishment of
AFP mission

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End of Presentation

Thank You and

Good Day!!!

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