EVOLUTIONS OF

AERO PLANES
MADE BY : MAHNOOR
 THE INVENTERS OF AIR FLIGHT

The inventers of the air plane were two brothers.

WILBUR and ORVILLE WRIGHT.
• Few great figures in American history are shrouded in more misconceptions than Wilbur and Orville
Wright. Their fame and popular stature is extraordinary, but their personal story is largely unknown.
• How did two men, working essentially alone and with little formal scientific training, solve a
problem so complex and demanding as heavier-than-air flight, which had defied better-known
experimenters for centuries?
• Certainly the brothers were talented, but the true answer also lies in their background and early
experiences. Learn how these seemingly ordinary bicycle mechanics emerged to change the
world.
 THE FIRST AIR CRAFT 1899
• The first air craft was the Biplane.

The Wrights combined their wing-warping control

concept and the structural design of the Chanute-
Herring glider in their first aircraft, a biplane kite
with a 5-foot wingspan, built in July 1899.
 THE SECOND AIR CRAFT 1900
• The second air craft was the glider.
• Having developed wing-warping for lateral control, the Wrights now addressed control
in pitch, or climb and descent. To control climb and descent, the pilot must be able to
control the movement of the center of pressure.
 THE THIRD AIR CRAFT 1901
• The third air craft was the Biggest glider yet.

The 1901 glider was the Wright brothers’ second, and

most problematic, in a series of three gliders leading up to
their powered airplane. While larger than its predecessor
—it had a 22-foot wing span and weighed 98 pounds—and
capable of longer flights, it experienced puzzling problems
with lift and control.
 THE FOURTH AIR CRAFT 1902
• The fourth air craft was close to a true air plane.
• Compared to their previous gliders, the Wrights’ 1902 glider had a much thinner airfoil and
longer and narrower wings, which their wind tunnel tests had shown to be more efficient. To
improve lateral control, they added a fixed vertical rudder to the rear of the glider. They
retained the reliable forward elevator for pitch control but made it elliptical in shape.
 THE FIFTH AIR CRAFT 1903
• The fifth air craft was the first successful air plane.(The Flyer)
• To design their first powered airplane, which they simply called the Flyer, the Wrights returned to
their wind tunnel data and the lift and drag equations. To carry the weight of an engine, propellers,
and added structural reinforcement, they had to increase the wing area to more than 500 square feet.
• The Wrights used their proven canard biplane configuration, which was rooted in their initial 1899
kite design. Key to the Flyer’s success was its three-axis control system, which featured wing-warping
for lateral balance, a moveable rudder, and an elevator for pitch control.
 THE SIXTH AIR CRAFT 1904
• The sixth air craft was the first circular air plane.
•  the 1903 Flyer had only performed short, straight-line flights. To
successfully market their invention, they had to demonstrate that it could
turn and fly over more commonplace terrain than the sandy open spaces of
Kitty Hawk. With this goal in mind, Wilbur and Orville refined their design
with two more powered aircraft in 1904 and 1905.
 THE SEVENTH AIR CRAFT 1905
• The seventh air craft was probably the final one. It was the first practical airplane.
• By the fall of 1905, the Wright brothers’ experimental period ended. With their third powered airplane, they
now routinely made flights of several minutes. On October 5, Wilbur made a spectacular flight in which he
circled the field 30 times in 39 minutes for a total distance of 24 1/2 miles.

• In every sense, the Wrights now had a practical airplane. They turned their attention to securing their patent
and seeking a customer for their invention.

• They would not fly again for 2 1/2 years. The 1905 Wright Flyer is on display at Carillon Historical Park,
Dayton. The 1904 Flyer does not survive.
THANKS FOR WATCHING