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 GROUP MEMBERS
 Zoeanna Barker
 Christal De Jesus
 Ave Toney
 Delicia Amstedam
 Olufemi Martin
 Zalena Laita
 Reyana Hercules
 OBJECTIVES
Planning function 
⁃ Philosophy 
⁃ Values
⁃ Mission

Planning process 
⁃ setting goals and objectives 

Types of plan
⁃ strategic 
⁃ Operational
⁃ Contingency
 PHILOSOPHY
Philosophy- is a statement of beliefs based on core values
or inner forces that give us purpose. 
VALUES
Values- are personal beliefs about the truth of ideas,
standards, principles, objectives and behaviors that are
meaning and direction of life.
MISSION
Mission- the purpose of a mission statement is to identify
the reason why that organization exists and it’s future
aim or function. 
Planning- may be define as deciding in advance what to
do, who is to do it, and how, when and where it is to be
done. 
 
 PLANNING PROCESS
 
 
Five general steps of planning: 
For the purpose of ordinary practical planning it is possible to encompass the process
in five general steps leading up to the point of action to implement the plan. 
Step 1- assessment of the current situation where are we NOW? 
Step 2- assessment of the future 
Step 3- decision about goals, where do we want to go? 
Step 4- how are we going to get where we want to go? 
What means are available?
Step 5- what alternative paths can be taken to the chosen goals.
 SETTING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

A goal may be defined as the desired result toward which ,effort is directed . Goals like
philosophies and values changes with time and requires constant reevaluation and
prioritization. Goals are usually set in short and long-term goals , economics , use of
resources including people, funds and facilities , innovations and social responsibilities. 

Objectives are similar to goals in that they motivates people and are explicit, measurable,
observable and obtainable. However objectives are more specific and measurable than
goals because they indicate how and when the goal should be accomplished. 

The final step in this process involves documenting the identified goals and objectives,
communicating changes to subordinates and evaluating and revising goals and objectives .
 TYPES OF PLAN
• Strategic plan
• Operational plan
• Contingency Planning
 STRATEGIC PLAN

“Strategic plans are all about why things need to happen,” Story said. “It’s big
picture, long-term thinking. It starts at the highest level with defining a mission and
casting a vision.”

Strategic planning includes a high-level overview of the entire business. It’s the
foundational basis of the organization and will dictate long-term decisions. The scope
of strategic planning can be anywhere from the next two years to the next 10 years.
Important components of a strategic plan are vision, mission and values.
 OPERATIONAL PLAN

“Operational plans are about how things need to happen,” motivational leadership
speaker Mack Story said at LinkedIn. “Guidelines of how to accomplish the mission
are set.”

This type of planning typically describes the day-to-day running of the company.
Operational plans are often described as single use plans or ongoing plans. Single use
plans are created for events and activities with a single occurrence (such as a single
marketing campaign). Ongoing plans include policies for approaching problems,
rules for specific regulations and procedures for a step-by-step process for
accomplishing particular objectives.
 CONTINGENCY PLAN

Contingency plans are made when something unexpected happens or when

something needs to be changed. Business experts sometimes refer to these plans as a
special type of planning.

Contingency planning can be helpful in circumstances that call for a change.

Although managers should anticipate changes when engaged in any of the primary
types of planning, contingency planning is essential in moments when changes can’t
be foreseen. As the business world becomes more complicated, contingency planning
becomes more important to engage in and understand
THE END