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Chapter 2
O P E R AT I N G C O M P U T E R U S I N G G U I B A S E D
O P E R AT I N G S Y S T E M

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WHAT IS AN OPERATING
SYSTEM?

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An operating system or (OS) is a software program that enables the computer

hardware to communicate and operate
with the computer software.

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Without a computer operating system, a computer and

software programs would be useless.

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BASICS
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OPERATING SYSTEM
• Following are some of important functions of
an operating System:
• Memory Management
• Processor Management
• Device Management
• File Management
• Security
• Control over system performance
• Job accounting
• Error detecting aids
• Coordination between other software and users
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BASICS OFedit Master OPERATING
POPULAR title style SYSTEM

• Following are some of the important activities that an Operating

System performs −

• Security −
• Control over system performance −
• Job accounting −
• Error detecting aids −
• Coordination between other software's and users −

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EXAMPLES title style
OF OPERATING SYSTEM

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EXAMPLES title style
OF OPERATING SYSTEM

Macintosh Microsoft Linux/Ubuntu Google/Android

Apple

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What isedit
Click to User Interface
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User Interface (UI) is

the visual part of an
application or device
that determines how a
user interacts with it
and how information is
displayed on the
screen.
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Using
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User Interface (UI) is

the visual part of an
application or device
that determines how a
user interacts with it
and how information is
displayed on the
screen.
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Input
Click to device
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mousestyle

1.) Mouse is most popular pointing device. It is a very famous

cursor-control device having a small palm size box with a
round ball at its base which senses the movement of mouse
and sends corresponding signals to CPU when the mouse
buttons are pressed.

Generally, it has two buttons called left and right button and a
wheel is present between the buttons.

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Input
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mousestyle

RIGHT BUTTON
-Use for Right Click
and other functions

LEFT BUTTON
-Use for selecting
and clicking a link.

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mousestyle

Standard mouse button interactions

The standard mouse interactions depend on a variety of

factors, including the mouse key clicked, the number of
times it is clicked, its position during the clicks, and
whether any keyboard modifiers were pressed

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Input
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mousestyle

Double-clicking is used so extensively on the Windows

desktop that it may not seem like an advanced
interaction. For example, opening folders, programs, or
documents in the file pane of Windows Explorer is
performed by double-clicking. Opening a shortcut on the
Windows desktop also uses double-clicking. By
contrast, opening folders or programs in the Start menu
requires a single click.
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Input
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mousestyle
Common pointer shapes
Simple action Interaction Typical effect

Pointing Position the pointer Target displays its

to a specific object hover state and any
without clicking any dynamic
mouse buttons. affordances.

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Input
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mousestyle
Common pointer shapes

Simple action Interaction Typical effect

Hovering Position the pointer Target displays its
to a specific object tooltip, or
without clicking any equivalent.
mouse buttons and
without moving for
at least a second.

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Input
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Common pointer shapes
Simple Interaction Typical effect
action
Clicking Position the pointer to a specific, non- For single clicks with the
selectable object and press and primary button, activate
release a mouse button without the object. For double-
moving. Clicking takes effect on the clicks with the primary
mouse button release to allow users button, activate the
the opportunity to cancel the click by object and perform the
moving the mouse off the target. default command. For the
Therefore, mouse press only indicates secondary button, display
the selected target. the object's context menu.

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Input
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mousestyle
Common pointer shapes
Simple Interaction Typical effect
action
Selecting Position the pointer to a For text, the right primary
button click sets the
specific, selectable object insertion point, the second
and press and release a selects word at the
mouse button. insertion point, and the
third click selects the
sentence or paragraph.

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Input
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Common pointer shapes
Simple Interaction Typical effect
action
Pressing Position the pointer to a specific For auto-repeat functions
object and press a mouse button (such as pressing a scroll
arrow to continuously
without releasing.
scroll), activate repeatedly.
Otherwise indicates the
start of a move, resize,
split, or drag, unless
followed by a release
without moving.
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Input
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mousestyle
Common pointer shapes

Simple Interaction Typical effect

action
Wheeling Move mouse Window scrolls vertically in
wheel. direction of mouse wheel
movement.

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Input
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mousestyle POINTERS

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Compound mouse interactions

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Using Left and Right Button of the Mouse and Moving Icons on
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Screen

Left Click : Used for moving the cursor,

select files and Icons

Right Click : Used for opening a menu of

options within a given program

Wheel : Scroll
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Using Left and Right Button of the Mouse and Moving Icons on
Click
the to edit Master title style
Screen

Double
Clicking : Using the left mouse button click twice
in rapid succession. Opens folder and
documents
Click
and Drag : Pressing and holding the left mouse
button and moving the mouse
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What is an Icon?

An icon is a small graphical

representation of a program, feature,
or file. When you click or double-click
 an icon, the associated file or program
opens, or an action is performed

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For example, if you were to double-
click My Computer icon, it would open 
Windows Explorer.

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 STATUS
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A status bar is a horizontal window

at the bottom of a parent window in
which an application can display
various kinds of status information.
The status bar can be divided into
parts to display more than one type
of information.
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 Using
Click Ribbons
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style Tabs

is a user interface element

which was introduced by
Microsoft in Microsoft
Office 2007

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Menu

is a list of commands or
choices offered to the user
through the menu bar.

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Menus are used in GUI operating

systems to allow the user access
to program features.

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File menus are
commonly accessed
using the computer
mouse; however,
may also sometimes
be accessed using
shortcuts or the
keyboard.
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The operating system offers an interface between programs and user, as well as
Click toand
programs edit Master
other titleresources
computer style such as memory, printer and other
programs.
Process
Step 1 − Application
sends request to
operating system.

Step 2 − On encountering

the request from an
application, operating
system sends a response
to requested service.
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Viewing
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The File Explorer in Windows comes with its
own preview pane that can display certain
types of files

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Folders and
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a folder (also called a directory) is analogous to
the yellow folders people use in filing cabinets.

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Creating
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MasterRenaming
title style of Files and Folders
a folder (also called a directory) is analogous to
the yellow folders people use in filing cabinets.

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“
Demonstration:

Viewing of Files
Folders and Directories
Creating and Renaming of Files and Folders
Opening and Closing of different Windows

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Thank You 2
End of Chapter 2

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