COLREG Rule23 31

COLLISION
REGULATION
RULE 23-31
RULE 23
POWER-DRIVEN VESSEL UNDERWAY
(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:
(i) a masthead light forward;

(ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the
forward one; except that a vessel of
less than 50 m in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such
light but may do so;
(iii) sidelights;
(iv) a sternlight.
RULE 23
(b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-
displacement mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in
paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round flashing yellow
light.
(c) A WIG craft only when taking off, landing and in flight near
the surface shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in
paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit a high intensity all-round
flashing red light.
RULE 23
(d)
(i) A power-driven vessel of less than 12 m in length may in lieu of the lights
prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and
sidelights;
(ii) a power-driven vessel of less than 7 m in length whose maximum speed
does not exceed 7 knots may in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a)
of this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and shall, if practicable, also
exhibit sidelights;
(iii) the masthead light or all-round white light on a power-driven vessel of
less than 12 m in length may be displaced from the fore-and-aft centreline of
the vessel if centreline fitting is not practicable, provided that the sidelights
are combined in one lantern which shall be carried on the fore-and-aft
centreline of the vessel or located as nearly as practicable in the same fore-
and-aft line as the masthead light or the all-round white light.
RULE 23
A power-driven vessel under 50m underway - lights
Description of scenario:
Type of vessel: Power-driven vessel of less
than 50 m in length underway
Time of the day:

From sunset to sunrise and from sunrise to
sunset in restricted visibility
Rule(s) to be applied:
Rule 23 (Power-driven vessels underway )
RULE 23
Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

In accordance with Rule 23 (a) (Power-driven vessels underway ), a power-
driven vessel underway shall exhibit:
(iii) sidelights ;
(iv) a sternlight .
In accordance with Rule 23 (a) (ii) (Power-driven vessels underway ), a
power-driven vessel
of less than 50 m in length shall not be obliged to exhibit a second masthead
light abaft of and higher than the forward one but may do so.
RULE 23
Type of vessel: Power-driven vessel of more
than 50 m in length underway
Time of the day:

From sunset to sunrise and from sunrise
to sunset in restricted visibility
RULE 23

In accordance with Rule 23 (a) (Power-driven vessels underway ), a
power-driven vessel underway , shall exhibit:
(ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one;
(iii) sidelights ;
(iv) a sternlight .
RULE 23
An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacement
mode - lights
Type of vessel: Air-cushion vessel underway
Time of the day:

RULE 23
An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacement
mode - lights

In accordance with Rule 23 (b) (Power-driven vessels underway ), an
air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacement mode shall,
in addition to the lights prescribed in Rule 23 (a) (Power-driven vessels
underway ), exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light.
RULE 23
A WIG craft when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface
- lights
Type of vessel: WIG craft
Time of the day:

RULE 23
A WIG craft when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface
- lights

In accordance with Rule 23 (c) (Power-driven vessels underway ), a
WIG craft only when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface
shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in Rule 23 (a) (Power-driven
vessels underway ), exhibit a high intensity all-round flashing red light.
RULE 23
Type of vessel: Power-driven vessel of
less than 12 m in length underway
Time of the day:

RULE 23

In accordance with Rule 23 (d)(i) (Power-driven vessels underway ), a
power-driven vessel of less than 12 m in length may in lieu of the lights
prescribed in Rule 23 (a) (Power-driven vessels underway ) exhibit:
- an all-round white light and
- sidelights .
RULE 23
A power-driven vessel under 7m and maximum speed up to 7
knots underway - lights
Type of vessel: Power-driven vessel of less
than 7m in length whose maximum speed
does not exceed 7 knots underway
Time of the day:
RULE 23
A power-driven vessel under 7m and maximum speed up to 7
knots underway - lights

In accordance with Rule 23 (d)(ii) (Power-driven vessels underway ), a
power-driven vessel of less than 7 m in length whose maximum speed
does not exceed 7 knots may in lieu of the lights prescribed in Rule 23
(a) (Power-driven vessels underway ) exhibit:
- an all-round white light and
- shall, if practicable, also exhibit sidelights .
RULE 23
A power-driven vessel under 12m underway - displaced lights
Type of vessel: Power-driven vessel
of less than 12 m in length underway
Time of the day:

RULE 24
Towing and Pushing
(a) A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23 (a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a
vertical line. When the length of the tow, measured from the stern of the towing
vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 m, three such lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights;
(iii) a sternlight;
(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight;
(v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 m, a diamond shape where it can best
be seen.
RULE 24
Towing and Pushing
(b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected
in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the
lights prescribed in Rule 23.
(c) A power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except in the
case of a composite unit, shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23 (a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a
vertical line;
(ii) sidelights;
(iii) a sternlight.
RULE 24
Towing and Pushing
(d) A power-driven vessel to which paragraph (a) or (c) of this Rule applies shall
also comply with Rule 23 (a)(ii).
(e) A vessel or object being towed, other that those mentioned in paragraph (g) of
this Rule, shall exhibit:
(i) sidelights;
(ii) a sternlight;
(iii) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 m, a diamond shape where it can best
be seen.
RULE 24
Towing and Pushing
(f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed alongside or pushed in a
group shall be lighted as one vessel,
(i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at
the forward end, sidelights.
(ii) a vessel being towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and at the forward end,
sidelights.
RULE 24
Towing and Pushing
(g) An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object, or combination of such vessel or objects
being towed, shall exhibit:
(i) if it is less than 25 m in breadth, one all-round white light at or near the forward end and one at or
near the after end except that dracones need not exhibit a light at or near the forward end;
(ii) if it is 25 m or more in breadth, two additional all-round white lights at or near the extremities of
its breadth;
(iii) if it exceeds 100 m in length, additional all-round white lights between the lights prescribed in
sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) so that the distance between the lights shall not exceed 100 m.
(iv) a diamond shape at or near the aftermost extremity of the last vessel or object being towed and
if the length of the tow exceeds 200 m an additional diamond shape where it can best be seen and
located as far forward as is practicable.
RULE 24
Towing and Pushing
(h) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being
towed to exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in paragraph (e) or (g) of this Rule,
all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed or at least
to indicate the presence of such vessel or object.
(i) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel not normally
engaged in towing operations to display the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (c)
of this Rule, such vessel shall not be required to exhibit those lights when engaged
in towing another vessel in distress or otherwise in need of assistance. All possible
measures shall be taken to indicate the nature of the relationship between the
towing vessel and the vessel being towed as authorised by Rule 36, in particular by
illuminating the towline.
RULE 24
Length of the tow
Rule 24 (Towing and pushing)
In accordance with Rule 24 (a)
(Towing and pushing), length of the tow
is measured from the stern of the towing
vessel to the after end of the tow.
Comments:
Length of the tow is shown on the image and marked by letter “l”.
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing, length of the tow under
200m - lights
Type of vessel: Power-driven
vessel towing, length of the tow
does not exceed 200m
Time of the day:
From sunset to sunrise and from
sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing, length of the tow under 200m -
lights
In accordance with Rule 24 (a) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven vessel when
towing shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23 (a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven vessels
underway ), two masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights ;
(iii) a sternlight ;
(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight .
In accordance with Rule 24 (e) (Towing and pushing), a vessel or object being towed,
other than those mentioned in Rule 24 (g) (Towing and pushing), shall exhibit:
(i) sidelights ;
(ii) a sternlight .
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing, length of the tow over 200m -
shapes
towing, length of the tow exceeds 200m
Time of the day: Daytime
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing, length of the tow over 200m -
shapes

In accordance with Rule 24 (a)(v) (Towing and pushing), a power-
driven vessel when towing shall exhibit a diamond shape where it can
best be seen.
In accordance with Rule 24 (e)(iii) (Towing and pushing), a vessel or
object being towed, other than those mentioned in paragraph (g) of
Rule 24 (Towing and pushing), shall exhibit a diamond shape where it
can best be seen.
RULE 24
A pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly
connected in a composite unit - lights
pushing a vessel ahead while they
are rigidly connected in a composite
unit of more than 50 m in length
Time of the day: From sunset to sunrise and
from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility
Rule 23 (Power-driven vessel underway )
RULE 24
A pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly
connected in a composite unit - lights

In accordance with Rule 24 (b) (Towing and pushing), when a pushing vessel and a
vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be
regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23
(Power-driven vessel underway ).
In accordance with Rule 23 (a), a power-driven vessel underway of more than 50 m
in length, shall exhibit:
(ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one;
(iii) sidelights ;
(iv) a sternlight .
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel pushing ahead - lights
Type of vessel:
Power-driven vessel pushing ahead
Time of the day:
From sunset to sunrise and from
sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel pushing ahead - lights

In accordance with Rule 24 (c) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven
vessel when pushing ahead, except in the case of a composite unit, shall
exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23 (a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven
vessels underway ), two masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights ;
(iii) a sternlight .
In accordance with Rule 24 (f)(i) (Towing and pushing), a vessel being
pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the
forward end, sidelights .
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel pushing ahead a group of vessels - lights
pushing ahead a group of vessels
Time of the day: From sunset to
sunrise and from sunrise to sunset
in restricted visibility
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel pushing ahead a group of vessels - lights

In accordance with Rule 24 (c) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven vessel
when pushing ahead, except in the case of a composite unit, shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23 (a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven
vessels underway ), two masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights ;
In accordance with Rule 24 (f)(i) (Towing and pushing), vessels being
pushed ahead in a group shall be lighted as one vessel and shall exhibit at
the forward end, sidelights .
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing alongside - lights
Type of vessel: Power-driven
vessel towing alongside
Time of the day: From sunset to
sunrise and from sunrise to
sunset in restricted visibility
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing alongside - lights

In accordance with Rule 24 (c) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven
vessel when towing alongside, except in the case of a composite unit,
shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23 (a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-
driven vessels underway ), two masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights ;
In accordance with Rule 24 (f)(ii) (Towing and pushing), a vessel being
towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and at the forward end,
sidelights .
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing alongside a group of
vessels - lights
towing alongside a group of vessels
Time of the day: From sunset to sunrise
and from sunrise to sunset
in restricted visibility
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing alongside a group of
vessels - lights
In accordance with Rule 24 (c) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven vessel when
towing alongside, except in the case of a composite unit, shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23 (a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven vessels
(ii) sidelights ;
In accordance with Rule 24 (f)(ii) (Towing and pushing), vessels being towed
alongside in a group shall be lighted as one vessel and shall exhibit a sternlight and
at the forward end, sidelights .
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing partly submerged vessel with
breadth under 25 m and length under 100 m, length of the tow
under 200m - lights
Type of vessel: Power-driven vessel towing
partly submerged vessel of less than 25m
in breadth and its length does not exceed
100m, length of the tow does not exceed 200m
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing partly submerged vessel with breadth under 25
m and length under 100 m, length of the tow under 200m - lights

In accordance with Rule 24 (a) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven vessel when
towing shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven vessels
(ii) sidelights ;
In accordance with Rule 24 (g)(i) (Towing and pushing),an inconspicuous, partly
submerged vessel being towed, shall exhibit one all-round white light at or near the
forward end and one at or near the after end.
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing partly submerged dracone with
breadth under 25 m and length under 100 m, length of the tow
under 200m - lights
towing partly submerged dracone of
less than 25 m in breadth and its length
does not exceed 100 m, length of the tow
does not exceed 200 m
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing partly submerged dracone with breadth under
25 m and length under 100 m, length of the tow under 200m - lights

In accordance with Rule 24 (a) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven vessel when towing
shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven vessels
(ii) sidelights ;
In accordance with Rule 24 (g)(i) (Towing and pushing), an inconspicuous, partly
submerged dracone being towed, shall exhibit one all-round white light at or near the after
end.
In accordance with Rule 24 (g)(i) (Towing and pushing), dracones need not exhibit an all-
round white light near the forward end but may do so.
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing partly submerged vessel with breadth over 25
m and length over 100m, length of the tow over 200m - lights
towing an incospicuous, partly submerged
vessel with breadth of more than 25 m and
length exceeding 100 m, length of the
tow exceeds 200 m
RULE 24

In accordance with Rule 24 (a) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven vessel when towing shall
exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven vessels underway ),
three masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights ;
In accordance with Rule 24 (g) (Towing and pushing), an inconspicuous, partly submerged
vessel being towed, shall exhibit:
(i) one all-round white light at or near the forward end and one at or near the after end;
(ii) two additional all-round white lights at or near the extremities of its breadth;
(iii) additional all-round white lights between the lights prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii)
so that the distance between the lights shall not exceed 100 m.
RULE 24

In accordance with Rule 24 (a) (Towing and pushing), a power-driven vessel when towing shall
exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii) (Power-driven vessels underway ),
three masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights ;
In accordance with Rule 24 (g) (Towing and pushing), an inconspicuous, partly submerged
vessel being towed, shall exhibit:
(i) one all-round white light at or near the forward end and one at or near the after end;
(ii) two additional all-round white lights at or near the extremities of its breadth;
(iii) additional all-round white lights between the lights prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii)
so that the distance between the lights shall not exceed 100 m.
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing inconspicuous, partly submerged
vessel, length of the tow under 200 m - shapes
towing an inconspicuous, partly
submerged vessel, length of the
tow does not exceed 200 m
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing inconspicuous, partly submerged
vessel, length of the tow under 200 m - shapes

In accordance with Rule 24 (g)(iv) (Towing and pushing), an
inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel being towed, shall exhibit a
diamond shape at or near the aftermost extremity of vessel being
towed.
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing inconspicuous, partly
submerged vessel, length of the tow over 200 m - shapes
towing an inconspicuous, partly
submerged vessel, length of the
tow exceeds 200 m
RULE 24
A power-driven vessel towing inconspicuous, partly
submerged vessel, length of the tow over 200 m - shapes

In accordance with Rule 24 (a)(v) (Towing and pushing), a power-
driven vessel when towing shall exhibit a diamond shape where it can
best be seen.
In accordance with Rule 24 (g)(iv) (Towing and pushing), an
inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel being towed, shall exhibit a
diamond shape at or near the aftermost extremity of vessel being
towed and an additional diamond shape where it can best be seen and
located as far forward as is practicable.
RULE 25
Sailing vessels underway and vessels under oars
(a) A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit:
(i) sidelights;
(i) a sternlight.
(b) In a sailing vessel of less than 20 m in length the lights

prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one
lantern at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen.
RULE 25
(c) A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights

prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top
of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a
vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these
lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined
lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule.
RULE 25
(d) (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 m in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lights
prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at
hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in
sufficient time to prevent collision.
(ii) A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but
if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a
white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent a collision.
(e) A vessel proceeding under sail when also being propelled by machinery shall exhibit
forward where it can best be seen a conical shape, apex downwards.
RULE 25
A sailing vessel underway - lights
Type of vessel: Sailing vessel underway
Rule 25 (a) (Sailings vessels
underway and vessels under oars)
RULE 25

In accordance with Rule 25 (a) (Sailings vessels underway
and vessels under oars), a sailing vessel underway shall
exhibit:
(i) sidelights ;
(ii) a sternlight .
THANKS

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COLLISION

(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:

(i) a masthead light forward;

Time of the day:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Time of the day:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Time of the day:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Time of the day:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Time of the day:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Time of the day:

Time of the day: Daytime

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

(a) A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit:

(b) In a sailing vessel of less than 20 m in length the lights

(c) A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights

Applying the Rule(s) and comments:

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