REPRESENTATION AND THE

PHILIPPINE CANON

LESSON 2
 OPRESSION
Is the systematic and institutional abuse of
power by one group at the expense of
others and the use of force to maintain this
dynamic.
DRAMATIC SITUATION
Is the combination of setting,
characteristics and action in
the poem that is supposed to
engage the reader.
PERSONA
• Is the speaker or
teller of the poem,
rarely the poet
himself or herself.
ALLEGORICAL/ALLEGORY
• Refers to symbolic
representations of truths
or generalizations about
human existence.
CANON
• Refers to collection of
works determined by a
society to have significant
value and importance.
PERSONIFICATION
• Is a figure of speech
where a nonhuman
object is given human
qualities.
FIGURES OF SPEECH
simile
• A direct comparison using the
words as or like.
• He was as rich as King Midas.
The soldier stood rigid like a tree.
METAPHOR
• A comparison where one thing
is said to be something else.
• The man was a rock when
things got difficult. The
children are little treasures.
PERSONIFICATION
• Human qualities are given
to inanimate objects.
• The trees were dancing
with the wind. The flowers
begged for water.
HYPERBOLE
• An exaggeration
• The cook made enough
food to feed an army.
• My bag weighs a ton.
DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE
• Dramatic monologue means self-
conversation.
• It means a person, who is speaking
to himself or someone else speaks
to reveal specific intentions of his
actions.
SYMBOL

• A person, object, image, word,

or event that evokes a range of
additional meaning beyond
and usually more abstract than
its literal significance.
CIRILO F. BAUTISTA
• A national artist for Literature
• Most awarded and most
respected writers and critics.
• Born in 1941
 Third World Geography
by Cirilo F. Bautista
• A country without miracles
sits heavy on the map,
thinking of banana trees
rotting
in the sunlight.
The man who watches over it.
has commandeered all hopes,
placed them in a sack,
and tied its loose end.
He goes around carrying it
on his back.
When asked what is inside,
he says, “Just a handful of feathers,
just a handful of feathers.”
has commandeered all hopes,
placed them in a sack,
and tied its loose end.
He goes around carrying it
on his back.
When asked what is inside,
he says, “Just a handful of feathers,
just a handful of feathers.”
• Only the wind
hears your useless words.
The country without miracles
tries to get up from the page,
but the bold ink and sharp colors
hold it down.
ALLEGORICAL IMAGE
• COUNTRY (PHILIPPINES)
• MAN WHO WATCHES OVER IT
(PRES. FERDINAND MARCOS)
• IMAGE OF FEATHERS
(CONTROL OVER THE
INFORMATION BEING
RELEASED TO THE PUBLIC AT
THE TIME.
THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS!
NO HATES, SPREAD LOVE