Algebraic

Expressions
 Why we
need to
learn
algebra?
Numerical Expressions
(sifat operasi hitung)

12 + 6
3 (12)
6 (3 + 2)
15 - 4 (6)
Variable (variabel)

In the expression 12 + b, the letter “b” is

a variable.

A variable is a letter or symbol that

represents an unknown value.
Algebraic Expressions
(ekspresi aljabar)

- statement containing one or

more terms with some
symbols of operations
Ex: 4x, 3ab + 4, x2- 3x +4y
Coefficient (koefisien)

A coefficient is the number multiplied by the

variable in an algebraic expression.
Algebraic Expression Coefficient
6m + 5 6
8r + 7m + 4 8, 7
14b - 8 14
Term

A term is the name given to a number, a

variable, or a number and a variable
combined by multiplication or division.
Algebraic Expressions Terms
a + 2 a, 2
3m + 6n - 6 3m, 6n, - 6
Constant (konstanta)

A constant is a number that cannot change

its value.

In the expression: 5x + 7y - 2
the constant is – 2.
Try this…

Identify the terms, coefficients, and constants.

1. 12a - 6b + 4
2. 4x - 2y
3. c - 32
4. 3x + 2
Writing Algebraic
Expressions

Symbols English Words Bahasa

Plus, the sum of, more than, increased Menambahkan,

+
by, total of, added to tambah
Minus, subtract to, less than, take
- away, difference of, reduced by, Kurang
decreased by
x Times, multiplied by, the product of Perkalian

÷ Quotient of, divided by, ratio of Pembagian

The square of x, x squared,
X2 the second power of x, x to the second Kuadrat
power
√ Square root Akar
 Simplifying
Algebraic
Expressions
Combining Like Terms
 Like Terms
(Persamaan Sejenis)

– In an expression, like terms are the

terms that have the same variables,
raised to the same powers (same
exponents).
– Examples: 4x and -3x
2y2 and –y2
 Like Terms
(Persamaan Sejenis)

• Like terms because each term consists of a single

variable, x, and a numeric coefficient:
2x, 45x, x, 0x, -26x, -x
• Like terms because they are all constants:
15, -2, 27, 9043, 0.6
• Like terms because they are all y² with a
coefficient: 3y², y², -y², 26y²
 Unlike Terms
(Tidak Sejenis)

• The following two terms both have a

single variable, but the terms are
not alike since different variables
are used:

17x, 17z
 Unlike Terms
(Tidak Sejenis)

• Each y variable in the terms below

has a different exponent,
therefore these are unlike terms:

15y, 19y², 31y5

 Unlike Terms
(Tidak Sejenis)

• Although both terms below have an

x variable, only one term has the y
variable, thus these are not like
terms either:

19x, 14xy
 Like Terms vs. Unlike Terms

Like Terms 3x and 2x w and w 5 and 1.8

7
5x2 and 2x 6a and 6b 3.2 and n
Unlike The exponents The variables Only one term
Terms contains a
are different. are different variable
 Determine if the following sets of
expressions are like terms or unlike terms.
 Determine if the following sets of
expressions are like terms or unlike terms.
Simplifying Like Terms

“To add or
subtract similar
terms, add or
subtract their
numerical
coefficients and
keep their common
literal
coefficient.”
Simplify the following Algebraic
Expressions
Simplify the following Algebraic
Expressions
Simplify the following Algebraic
Expressions
Simplify the following Algebraic
Expressions
Simplify the following Algebraic
Expressions
To complete the pyramid, the expression in each
box is found by adding the two blocks below it.
The second row of this pyramid has been
completed for you. What goes in the top block?
Fill in the missing blocks in this pyramid.
 Geometry Application

Write an expression for the perimeter of the

triangle. Then simplify the expression.

2x + 1 2x + 1

x + 2x + 1 + 2x + 1
x
(x + 2x + 2x) + (1 + 1)

5x + 2
 Geometry Application

Write an expression for the perimeter of the

given figure.

2x + 3y

x+y x+y

2x + 3y

6x + 8y