HEMATOLO

GY
WHAT IS HEMATOLOGY?
 Hematology is the science or study of blood, blood-forming organs and blood diseases.
 In the medical field, hematology includes the treatment of blood disorders and malignancies, including types of
hemophilia, leukemia, lymphoma and sickle-cell anemia. Hematology is a branch of internal medicine that deals with
the physiology, pathology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention of blood-related disorders. 
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC).

 A complete blood count (CBC) is a blood test used to

evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of
disorders, including anemia, infection and leukemia.
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
TESTING
 A white blood cell (WBC) count is a test that measures the number of white blood cells in
your body. This test is often included with a complete blood count (CBC). The term “white
blood cell count” is also used more generally to refer to the number of white blood cells in
your body.
 A WBC count can detect hidden infections within your body and alert doctors to undiagnosed
medical conditions, such as autoimmune diseases, immune deficiencies, and blood disorders.
 This test also helps doctors monitor the effectiveness of chemotherapy or radiation treatment
 in people with cancer.
RED BLOOD CELLS TESTING
 Red blood cell count is a blood test that measures your levels of erythrocytes. This test is most
often done as part of a complete blood count (CBC) that also measures other types of blood
cells.
 The purpose of the RBC count is to find out if the number of red blood cells you have is
normal or abnormal. RBC count may be included in routine blood testing during a check-up,
usually as part of a complete blood count (CBC) measuring the number of red blood cells,
white blood cells (WBCs), and hemoglobin in a blood sample.
 Measuring RBCs can help diagnose anemia, a condition in which the body doesn’t have
enough healthy red blood cells. There are different types of anemia with distinct causes. A low
RBC count is a key indicator of anemia, and additional tests can help determine its underlying
cause.
DIFFERENTIAL TESTING
 The blood differential test measures the percentage of each type of white blood cell (WBC) that
you have in your blood. It also reveals if there are any abnormal or immature cells.
 A laboratory specialist takes a drop of blood from your sample and smears it onto a glass slide. The
smear is stained with a special dye, which helps tell the difference between various types of white
blood cells.
 Five types of white blood cells, also called leukocytes, normally appear in the blood:
 Neutrophils
 Lymphocytes (B cells and T cells)
 Monocytes
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
HEMOGLOBIN TEST
 A hemoglobin test measures the levels of hemoglobin in your blood. Hemoglobin is a protein
in your red blood cells that carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. If your
hemoglobin levels are abnormal, it may be a sign that you have a blood disorder.
 A hemoglobin test is often used to check for anemia, a condition in which your body has fewer
red blood cells than normal
 HEMATOCRIT
 A hematocrit test is a type of blood test. Your blood is made up of red blood cells, white blood
cells, and platelets. These cells and platelets are suspended in a liquid called plasma. A
hematocrit test measures how much of your blood is made up of red blood cells. Red blood
cells contain a protein called hemoglobin that carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of
your body. Hematocrit levels that are too high or too low can indicate a blood disorder, 
dehydration, or other medical conditions.
 A hematocrit test is often part of a complete blood count (CBC), a routine test that measures
different components of your blood. The test is also used to help diagnose blood disorders
such as anemia, a condition in which your blood doesn't have enough red cells, or
polycythemia vera, a rare disorder in which your blood has too many red cells.
PLATELET COUNT
A platelet count is a lab test to measure how
many platelets you have in your blood.
Platelets are parts of the blood that helps the
blood clot. They are smaller than red or white
blood cells.
MONO SCREENING
 Mononucleosis tests are blood tests to look for antibodies that indicate mononucleosis (mono),
which is usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The antibodies are made by the 
immune system to fight an infection.
 Monotest Includes
• Monospot test (heterophil test). This quick screening test detects a type of antibody (heterophil
antibody) that forms during certain infections. A sample of blood is placed on a microscope slide
and mixed with other substances. If heterophil antibodies are present, the blood clumps
(agglutinates). This result usually indicates a mono infection. Monospot testing can usually
detect antibodies 2 to 9 weeks after a person is infected. It typically is not used to diagnose mono
that started more than 6 months earlier.
• EBV antibody test. For this test, a sample of blood is mixed with a substance that attaches to
antibodies against EBV. A series of tests can detect different types of antibodies to help
determine whether you were infected recently or sometime in the past.
REFERENCES:
 https://www.healio.com/news/hematology-oncology/20120331/what-is-hematology
 https://www.gonzaba.com/what-are-common-hematology-tests/
 https://www.healthline.com/health/wbc-count#purpose
https://www.testing.com/tests/red-blood-cell-count-
 rbc/#:~:text=Red%20blood%20cell%20count%20is,that%20affect%20red%20blood%20cells
 http://www.myhealth.gov.my/en/renal-profile/#:~:text=Renal%20profile%20is%20a%20test,calculates%20glomerular%20filtration%20rate%20too.
 https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/hw5179
 https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/complete-blood-count/about/pac-
 20384919#:~:text=A%20complete%20blood%20count%20(CB
 https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/hemoglobin-test/

 https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/hematocrit-test/
 https://www.ucsfhealth.org/medical-tests/platelet-
 count#:~:text=A%20platelet%20count%20is%20a,red%20or%20white%20blood%20cells
 http://www.myhealth.gov.my/en/renal-profile/#:~:text=Renal%20profile%20is%20a%20test,calculates%20glomerular%20filtration%20rate%20too.
 https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/cholesterol levels/#:~:text=A%20cholesterol%20test%20is%20a,disease%20and%20other%20serious%20conditions..
 https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/blood-glucose-test/
 https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003345.htm#:~:text=The%20test%20to%20determine%20your,with%20one%20of%20the%20antibodiesw.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/
blood-differential-test#:~:text=Differential%3B%20Diff%3B%20White%20blood%20cell,type%20of%20white%20blood%20cell. ntsinai.org/health-library/tests/blood-differential-
test#:~:text=Differential%3B%20Diff%3B%20White%20blood%20cell,type%20of%20white%20blood%20cell.
GROUP MEMBERS
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 Joseph Francisco
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