PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING

GROUP 3 PRESENTATION
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Conducting an audience analysis
• Determining the purpose of the
speech
• Selecting a topic
• Narrowing down a topic
• Gathering data

Selecting a speech pattern

• Preparing an outline
Editing and/ or Revising • Creating the body of the
speech
• Rehearsing • Preparing the introduction
• Preparing the conclusion
 Audience analysis
Entails looking into the profile of your target audience.


Demography ( age range, male female ratio, educational background and affiliations
or degree program taken, nationality, economic status, academic or incorporate
designations).
 Situation ( time, venue, occasion and size).
 Psychology (values, beliefs, attitudes, preferences, cultural and racial ideologies
and needs).
 Purpose of writing and delivering the speech

 To inform – an informative speech provides the audience with a clear

understanding of the concept or idea presented by the speaker.
 To entertain – an entertainment speech provides the audience with
amusement.
 To persuade – a persuasive speech provides the audience with well-argued
ideas that can influence their own beliefs and decisions.
 TOPIC

The topic is your main point, which can be determined once you have decided
on your purpose.
 Narrowing down a topic
Means making your main idea more specific and focused.
 Data Gathering
Is the stage where you collect ideas, information, sources and references
relevant or related to your specific topic.
 Writing patterns
In general, are structures that will help you organize the ideas related to your
topic.
 Type of
Pattern Descriptions speech Examples
appropriate
to
Biographical Presents descriptions of To inform Specific Purpose
your life or of a person, To entertain To inform my student about my grandfather.
famous or not.
Describing the life and works of my grandfather.
Specific Topic
Categorical/Topical Presents related To inform Specific Purpose To persuade the community members to reduce, reuse and
categories supporting the To entertain recycle as means of eliminating garbage.
topic. To persuade
Why the community members should promote
Specific Topic reducing, reusing, and recycling.
Causal Presents cause-effect To inform Specific Purpose To inform my audience on the effects of overeating.
relationships.
Explaining the possible effects of overeating to one’s
Specific Topic health.
Chronological Presents the idea in time To inform Specific Purpose To inform my audience about the significant events in the
order. 1986 EDSA Revolution or People Power.

Describing the significant events before, during and

Specific Topic after the People Power.
Comparison/Contrast Presents To inform Specific Purpose To persuade the audience that living in the
comparison/contrast of To persuade Philippines is better than living in Australia.
two or three points.
Explaining why the Philippines is more habitable
Specific Topic than Australia.
To persuade the audience to support the educational
Problem-solution Presents an identified To inform Specific Purpose programs of the national government.
problem, its causes and To persuade
recommended solutions. Explaining the reasons for supporting the government’s
Specific Topic educational programs.
An outline is a hierarchical list that shows the relationship of
your ideas. Experts in public speaking state once your outline is
ready, two thirds of your speech writing is finished.
1. Table format
Purpose To inform

Specific purpose To persuade the community members to reduce, reuse, and recycle as means of
eliminating garbage and protecting the environment.
Topic Promoting the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling in eliminating
wastes and protecting the environment.
Pattern Problem-solution

Introduction Share facts on the current situation of the environment.

Body Discuss how improper wastes disposal becomes an environment problem.

Explain how reducing, reusing and recycling would eliminate wastes and protect
the environment.
Conclusion State the specific purpose of your speech again.
Call for action.
1.0 As of today, there is an alarming increase of wastes in our community.
1.1According to Solid Waste Management Office, if we do not tale immediate
action, we might face more perils caused by natural calamities.
1.2Now, I am going to talk about how to eliminate wastes and protect the
environment.
2.0 Improper waste disposal causes environmental problems.
2.1Wastes contaminate the soil.
2.2Wastes contaminate the water.
2.3Wastes can cause floods.
3.0 There are ways to eliminate wastes and protect the environment.
3.1Reducing, reusing, and recycling can help eliminate wastes.
3.2People should start doing these at home.
3.3This solution should be supported by the local government.
4.0 We must act now
4.1 This solution should be supported by the local government.
4.2 Let us learn from the lessons in natural calamities we have experienced.
. The body of the speech provides an explanation, examples, or
any details that can help you deliver your purpose and explain
the main idea of your speech

The following are some strategies to highlight your main idea.

• Present real-life or practical examples.
• Show Statistics.
• Present comparisons.
• Share ideas from the experts or practitioners.
 The introduction is the foundation of your speech. Here, your
primary goal is to get the attention of your audience and present
the subject or main idea of your speech.

• Use a real-life experience and connect that experience to your subject.

• Use practical examples and explain their connection to your subject.
• Start with a familiar or strong quote and then explain what it means.
• Use facts or statistics and highlight their importance to your subject.
• To tell a personal story to illustrate your point.
 The conclusion restates the main idea of your speech.
Furthermore, it provides a summary, emphasizes the message,
and calls for action.
The following are some strategies.
• Begin your conclusion with a restatement of your message.
• Use positive examples, encouraging words, or memorable lines from songs or
stories familiar to your audience.
• Ask a question or series of questions that can make your audience reflect or
ponder.
 Editing/Revising your written speech involves correcting errors in
mechanics, such as grammar, punctuation, capitalization, unity,
coherence and others.
 Edit for focus.
“So, what’s the point? What’s the message of the speech?”
 Edit for clarity
“I don’t understand the message because the examples or supporting details were
confusing.”
 Edit for concision
“The speech was all over the place; the speaker kept on talking endlessly as if no one
was listening to him/her”
 Edit for continuity
“The speech was to difficult to follow; I was lost in the middle.”
 Edit for variety
“I didn’t enjoy the speech because it was boring.”
 Edit for impact and beauty
“There’s nothing really special about the speech.”
 Rehearsing
It gives you an opportunity to identify what
works and what does not work for you and for
your target audience.
The best thing to remember at this stage is,

”Constant practice makes perfect.”

 Some Guidelines in Speech Writing

1. Keep your words short and simple.

2. Avoid jargon, acronyms or technical words.
3. Make your speech more personal. Use the personal pronoun “I” and “We”.
4. Use active verbs and contractions .
5. Be sensitive to your audience.
6. Use metaphors and other figures of speech to effectively convey your point.
7. Manage your time well.