Types of Counselling

and Counselling skills

BY: LORNA L. MIGUELA
What is counselling?
= A professional guidance of the individual
= Involves a relationship between two person
= A scientific process way of assistance
= A self adjustive process
Types of Counselling
Directive Counselling
Non-Directive Counselling
Eclectic Counselling
Directive Counselling ( prescriptive
counselling)
E.G Williamson is the chief advocate in this viewpoint.

= Counsellor-centered :

◦ the counsellor direct the client to take steps in order to resolve his conflicts .

◦ It gives more importance intellectual aspect than emotional aspect.

Merits

◦ Less time consuming

◦ Less matured and less intelligent interact
◦ Client is not in the position to analyze his on problem
◦ The counsellor is readily available which makes the client
very happy
Demerits

◦ The client never becomes independent to the

counsellor
◦ Personal autonomy and integrity of the client is
not respected
◦ It will not help the individual to develop any
attitudes through his own experiences
◦ the counsellor fails saving his client to commit the
mistakes in future
Non-Directive Counselling
( Permissive Counselling)
Carl R. Roger is the chief exponent in this view point
= Client-Centered
◦ the counselee is the pivot of the whole counselling process
◦ Create an atmosphere in which the client can work out his own problem
◦ Emotional elements rather than intellectual element are stress
Merits

◦ It helps the counselee to become independent and

self –reliant and to attain the ability for self-
direction
◦ It helps the client to attain emotional integrity
◦ It helps to attain more sustainable adjustment to
his situation
◦ Leaves its impressions for a longer years
Demerits
- More time consuming
- Not suitable for less matured and less intelligent
counselee
- Passive attitude might irritate the counselee
- Not possible in schools because the counsellor has
to attend many pupils
 Eclectic Counselling

Thorne is the chief advocate of this type of counselling

 Is a combination of counsellor centered and client centered
= follow as a middle course
= it is highly flexible
= experience of mutual confidence and faith in the relationship
are basic
= the client and the philosophical framework are adjusted to
save the purpose of the relationship
1. Active Listening
2. Note-taking
3. Interpretation
4. Non-verbal communication
5. self-awareness
6. trustworthiness
7. Empathy
8. Emotional compartmentalization
9. Information recall
10. Confidentiality
11. record keeping