HISTORY: ORIGIN AND

MEANING
 Historia which means “inquiry.”

Inquiry involves investigation or asking question

 Refers to the study of chronological events that happened in the

past.

 Scope is related to anthropology.

 History is the memory of mankind Kickler( 2016).

History is about HIS STORY

 THE TASK AT HAND

History defined as…

 the study of anonymous masses of individual

 people’s effort to attain a better life; and

 social forces granted by the people’s collective lives

and struggles

- Constantino (1975)
 HISTORY AND THE
HISTORIAN
 Historian are referred to as “social
scientists.”
- Chua (2020)
Historians are…

 tasked to SEEK and INTERPRET historical evidences, and facts;

 trained to GIVE meaning and ARRANGE the facts chronologically;

 trusted to RECOGNIZE the evidence, DETERMINE the usefulness of

data collected;
 ESTABLISH CONCLUSION
The challenge is…
HISTORY AS SUBJECTIVE
 History as a study of “HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVE.”

 Historian’s view is affected by the following:

 Environment
 Ideology
 Education
 Influence
 HISTORIOGRAPHY

 Understanding deep structural content

shared by different historical ways of
studying the past (White, 2000).

 Includes the body of techniques, theories and

principles associated with historical research. It is a
way of addressing data and sources, asking
questions and building theories based on evidence
(Goodman and Kruger, 1998 p.316).
 HISTORIOGRAPHY
 HISTORIOGRAPHY is…

the HISTORY OF HISTORY

OBJECT OF STUDY:
 How was a certain historical text written?
 Who wrote it?
 What was the context of its publication?

 What particular historical method was employed?

 What were the sources used?

HISTORICAL METHODOLOGY

 Comprises techniques and

rules that historians follow in
order to properly utilize
sources and historical
evidences in writing history.
 PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND TERTIARY
SOURCES
PRIMARY SOURCES
 Sources are those produced at the same time as the event, period or
subject being studied.

SECONDARY SOURCES

 Sources which were produced by an author who used primary sources to

produce the material.

TERTIARY SOURCES
 Sources came from reporting ideas and details from secondary source.
REFERENCES
Constantino, Renato (1975). The Philippines: A PAST REVISITED. Volume I Pre-Spanish- 1941

Goodman, R, S,, and E, Jonas Kruger, 'Data Dredging or Legitimate Research? Historiography and
Its Potential for Management Research', Academy of Management Review, No, 2, 1988

 
White, H. (2000). An old question raised again: Is historiography art or science?(Response to
bloggers).
 

Website:

https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/09/26/opinion/columnists/defining-who-is-a-historian/772148