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 What is
Physical
Education ?
 “ Education through Physical”
aims to develop physical competence

Knowledge of movement and safety

Ability to use these in the wide range of
activities associated with he development
of an active lifestyle

Improve students confidence and generic

skills
Collaboration, communication, creativity,
critical thinking skills

Aesthetic appreciation

Nurturing of positive values and attitudes

Provide good foundation of student’s

lifelong and life-wide learning
Movement Enhancement Education
- focus on
developing motor skills
through
physical movement
Philosophy in Movement Education
can’t be learned by someone to swim

, run, jump, and the like by simply

explaining how it is done.
Explanation and Demonstration and
practice all come into effect when it
come to movement enhancement
When confident and competent in
these skills, individual can develop
sport-specific and
complex movement skills.
These skills allow students to enjoy
sports and physical activities.
 Body Awareness?

 Body awareness is a person's

understanding of his or her
own body parts and their
capability of movement
Body awareness 
is the ability to understand
where our bodies are in space and
how our bodies move. ...
Sometimes, if people have
difficulties with body
awareness they may appear clumsy,
uncoordinated or have delays in
motor skill development.
Why body awareness is important?
It helps us know where
the body parts are, how they move
and work, and even how they
feel. Body awareness develops as
gross motor and fine motor
development occur. Balance is
also important in the development
of body awareness.
Spatial awareness
 is the ability to be aware of
oneself in space. It is an organized
knowledge of objects in relation to
oneself in that given space. Spatial
awareness also involves
understanding the relationship of
these objects when there is a change
of position.
Spatial awareness
our understanding of the
physical world surrounding us, and our
relationship to that space as we move
through it, is a skill each of us
possesses to a greater or lesser
degree. ... They are aware of  their own
personal space, or kinesphere, and
the space of dancers around them.
 Space
Let's start with space; what is it? Space is
everything that surrounds us, the objects and
people as well as the emptiness we use to
move around. Spatial awareness, also called
spatial perception, is the degree to which we
comprehend the space around us, the
relationship of objects in that space to one
another, our understanding of how we can
move through those spaces, and our
relationship to the empty spaces and the
objects around us.
This occurs on two fronts, known
as exteroceptive awareness, which uses
our senses, like sight and hearing, to
understand space exterior to our bodies
and interoceptive awareness, which uses
our bodily systems to understand our
position and movement through space. A
perfect example of interoceptive
awareness is our sense of balance.
Dancers, however, use this ability
constantly and in finely-trained ways
trained into them from the very beginning
of their instruction. Dance itself is an art
form created from bodily motion through
space, so no one should feel surprised at
the advanced degree performers harness
spatial awareness skills. They need it to
coordinate their movements with one
another.
Large groups on a small stage can easily
become crowded, increasing the risk of
collision and injury. Each dancer learns to
use their personal space, or kinesphere,
the area surrounding one's body through
which they move and contort. They know
the limits of their limbs' reach and, more
impressively, the personal space limits of
the dancers around them. Their training is
so constant they often use this ability
without consciously focusing on it.
Qualities of movement:

The most recognized qualities of

movement are sustained, percussive,
suspended, swinging, and
collapsing. Movement qualities are
considered a part of the element of
force/energy. into space, and affects
emotional and spatial relationships and
intentions.
The Fundamental Body Movements
You may not think much about simple
body movements like walking, bending, or
kicking a ball; however, fundamental
body movements are the building blocks
necessary for more complex physical
activities. Playing sports, exercising, and
dancing all require a command of simple,
fundamental body movements.
 For that reason, students should
master these movement concepts during
early childhood development and
elementary school physical education.
Studies show that students are more likely
to stay active when fundamental body
movements are mastered at that age.
When fundamental body movements are
not mastered at a young age, students are
unable to participate in certain physical
activities as they grow older. For example,
a student who never learns to dribble a
ball cannot later participate on the middle
school basketball team.
Components of Body
Movements:
Locomotor, Non-
locomotor &
Manipulative
 Locomotor Movements
Let's start with Locomotor movements. Locomotor refers
to body movements that move the body from one place to
another. They cause the body to travel. There are eight
main locomotor movements. They are categorized as
either even or uneven movements. Even
rhythm movements consist of equal, unvarying actions.
These movements include:
Walking
Running
Hopping
Leaping
Jumping
 Keep in mind that we're referring to the physical education
definition of these movements. Students sometimes confuse the
movements and terminology. A hop is technically defined as a springing
from one foot and landing on that same foot. A leap is a springing from
one foot but landing on the other foot. Leaping movements are
commonly used when people jump over objects, like jumping over a
rain puddle.
Uneven rhythm movements consist of unequal actions. They also
sometimes incorporate alternating actions. These movements include:
Skipping
Galloping
Sliding
Note that a gallop is defined as stepping forward and pushing up with
one foot, while the other foot follows. The student lands on the trailing
foot. You might think of it as a rudimentary skip that toddlers do.
A slide is similar, but the lead foot glides forward or sideward while the
other foot follows. The lead foot does not step or push off into the air.
Sliding movements are used in skating and skiing.
 Non-locomotor Movements
Non-locomotor movements are also sometimes called
axial movements. They are movements of certain body parts, or
even the whole body, without causing the body to travel. For
example, swinging your arms back and forth. Notice that non-
locomotor movements are often combined with locomotor
movements, such as walking and swinging your arms.
There are many different non-locomotor movements:
Bending
Flexing
Stretching
Extending
Lifting
Raising
Twisting
Object manipulation skills
-complex motor patterns that are basic to
specialized sports and performed with
some kind of object
-requires hand-eye or foot-eye coordination
-requires developmentally appropriate
gross and fine motor abilities
-early skills help form the foundation for
many later sports activities
-primary grade begin w/throwing beanbag
or large rubber balls
 Throwing
requires object to be propelled into space
-flexing the hip and moving the shoulder forward
while extending the elbow
-practice a variety of objects that have varying
weight and size
-->helps children understand how different objects
can travel at different velocities-

Catching
-using hands to stop and control a moving object
-more difficult for children to learn to ___ than to
throw because tracking the object requires mature
hand eye coordination
-practice ____ balls that bounce up from the floor
to teach rebound angles
 Kicking
-punt " "- ball being dropped from hands and kicked
before it touches the ground
-place " "-placing ball on ground and ___ it from
stationary position
-soccer " "- requires extension of the hip to increase
range of motion

Striking
-object is hit with implement such as bat, racket, or
hand
-movement of body to create force necessary for max
speed of object
-instruction: practice on stationary objects in primary
grades before children can progress to moving objects