Planning of Lifting Operations

Training facility
FIRE P.P.E.

WORKSHOP

REFRESHMENTS

SMOKING
Planning of Lifting Operations

Aim

To provide information and instruction sufficient to identify the nature and level
of risks and stages associated with planning of lifting operations.

Objective

By the end of the course participants should develop a better understanding of

the necessity for proper planning and be more effective in the process of lifting
operations planning
Why Do We Need To Plan
Lifting Operations?
Legislation

Health And Safety At Work etc Act 1974 as amended 1987 (HASAWA)

Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (P.U.W.E.R.)

Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (L.O.L.E.R.)

Legislation
The Law Requires ( L.O.L.E.R.)
Regulation 8; “Organisation of Lifting Operations”

Every Employer shall ensure that every lifting operation involving lifting
equipment is: -

a. Properly Planned by a “Competent Person”

b. Appropriately Supervised; and

c. Carried out in a Safe Manner

Any Other Reasons Why We Should Plan
Lifting Operations?
Remember This?

P.P.P.P.P.

Proper Planning Prevents Poor Performance

Lifting Operations may not be hi-tech or
glamorous;
But can be:
What Do We Need to Know
a. The load to be lifted

b. Existing location and proposed landing location

c. The equipment available to perform the operation.

d. The hazards we may encounter.

e. Who will be involved in the operation

f. Our own limitations

g. Where and how to get assistance when it is needed.

h. The process of making and keeping a lifting plan and risk assessment.
Common Sense
• Avoid over complicating!

• Identify what needs to be done and by whom!

• Ensure everyone involved understands!

• Ensure that the plan makes sense!

• Keep it as simple as you can

So Two Good Reasons:-

1. Comply with the Law.

2. It makes sense.
So

We should therefore try to develop our planning process by adopting a

“Common Sense” approach to implement the requirements of the Law
‘Competent Person’

The ‘competent person’ should have the necessary training, background and
experience to be recognised as being competent in the particular field in which
they specialise.

MHSWR
L.O.L.E.R. A.C.O.P.

Section 21D of he Approved Code Of Practice and guidance states:-

“The person planning the operation should have adequate practical and
theoretical knowledge and experience of planning lifting operations”
‘Competency Matrix’
Requirement ECITB QRG Lifting LOLER Discipline Min 8 yrs exp Min 5 yrs Min 2 yrs Min 2 yrs
30/2 (level Gear Planning Assessor Onshore in a Rigging Rigging experience
s 3) Examiners D32/33 or Petrochemical experience experience employed as
and Risk
Constructin 2 Day Assessment A1, D34 or environment or 5 onshore in a onshore in a a Deck
g Capital Course 1 Day V1 yrs relevant O/S Petrochemical Petrochemica Operator and
Plant Course ( where experience in environment l environment having
Steel achievable) similar or or 5 yrs or 2 yrs demonstrated
Structures – Supervisory Role relevant relevant competency
Lifting and Offshore Offshore
positioning experience experience
Designation
Offshore
LOLER Focal
Point
* * * * *
Rigging
Supervisors * * * * *
Core Riggers Disciplin
* * * e
Assessor
*
D32/33
or A1
Ad-Hoc Preferred Sigma 3 Trade Test
Riggers * *
Deck OPITO Deck Operations Slinging OPITO Offshore Deck Operations SVQ level 2‫٭‬
Operators and Banksman standard 3 day
course
‫٭‬If working towards these qualifications, personnel must work under
supervision by a competent person until they have demonstrated competency. *

Sigma³
Proper Planning

• Not just a question of completing a statutory record, or ticking a `

checklist.

• It really is a question of preventing accidents and incidents.

Risk Assessment

“A risk assessment is nothing more than a careful examination, of what, in your

work, could cause harm to people, so that you can weigh up whether you have
taken enough precautions or should do more to prevent them. The aim is to
ensure that no one gets hurt or becomes ill”.
Quote from HSE’s five steps to risk assessment.
 Hazard
A physical situation with the potential to cause adverse consequences:

• Human injury

• Damage to property

• Damage to the environment, or

• Some combination of these

Consequence:
• The result of a hazardous event occurring
 Risk

The likelihood of a specified undesired event occurring within a specified period

or in specified circumstances

The size of the risk involves both:

• The likelihood that harm will happen

• Its severity or consequences

 ALARP
If we can’t eliminate the risk we must reduce it to;

As

Low

As

Reasonably

Practical
Sigma3 (North Sea) Limited
LOLER Task Risk Assessment

Consequences Increasing Likelihood

A B C D E

Environment

Reputation
PEOPLE

ASSETS
Never Heard of Incident Happens Happens
heard of in has several several
in industry occurred times per times a
industry in our year in year in a
Company our location
Company
No Health No damage No Effect No Impact
0 effect/
injury
Slight health Slight Slight Slight
1 effect/ damage effect Impact
injury
Minor Health Minor Minor Limited
2 effect/injury damage Effect impact

Major Health Localised Localised Considerable

3 effect/injury damage effect impact

PTD* or Major Major National

4 1 to 3 damage effect Impact
fatalities

Multiple Extensive Massive International

5 fatalities damage effect Impact

*Permanent Total Disability

= Medium Risk/Do Not Proceed, = High Risk/ Do not Proceed
= Low Risk/Proceed
Contact Onshore Support Contact Onshore Support
Sigma3 (North Sea) Limited
LOLER Task Risk Assessment

LOCATION RISK ASSESS No:- PERSONNEL

ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION:

Hazard Initial Risk Controls Residual Risk

Description of Hazard Who or Control Measures and/or recovery measures

Risk Rating

Likelihood

Risk Level
Likelihood

Severity
task step description what

Severity

Residual
and effect might be
Step harmed
No:

To install a
new
actuator
1. Install lifting Fall from Severe injury to 4P B 4M Safety harness and inertia reel to be worn at 1P B 1L
equipment height personnel all times while working at height.
The use of scaffold access whenever
possible

2. The use of Lifting Injury to personnel 3P B 3M The use of inspected and certified lifting 1P B 1L
lifting equipment equipment, which has been deemed fit for
equipment failure 3A purpose. 1A
Pre-use inspection checks to be carried out.
Only competent personnel to operate the
lifting equipment.
Ensure that an adequate safety factor has
been incorporated.

Assessor Name
Overall Risk: Low
(print):

Assessor Name Completion

(sign): Date:
Sigma3 (North Sea) Limited
LOLER Task Risk Assessment

LOCATION RISK ASSESS No:- PERSONNEL

ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION: To install a new 6” actuator and remove the redundant one with the use of the platform crane and rigging
equipment.

Hazard Initial Risk Controls Residual Risk

Description of Hazard Who or Control Measures and/or recovery measures

Risk Rating

Likelihood

Risk Level
Likelihood
task step description what

Severity

Severity

Residual
and effect might be
Step harmed
No:

3. The use of Improper Injury to personnel 3P B 3M Ascertain the centre of gravity. 1P B 1L

lifting slinging/ Damage to Select suitable and certified lifting
equipment 3A 1A
lifting equipment equipment and accessories to attach to the
practices load.
Industry recognised best practice slinging
techniques to be used.
Competent personnel and follow LOLER
lifting plan requirements and procedures.

4. The use of Dropped Injury to personnel 3P C 3M The use of a secondary means of securing 1P C 1L
lifting objects Damage to the lifting equipment while installing.
equipment 3A
equipment All loose items of equipment and
cont. accessories to be removed from the work
Damage to the
installation structure site and stored in a secure fashion when not
in use.

Assessor Name
Overall Risk: Low
(print):

Assessor Name Completion

(sign): Date:
Sigma3 (North Sea) Limited
LOLER Task Risk Assessment

LOCATION RISK ASSESS No:- PERSONNEL

ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION:

Hazard Initial Risk Controls Residual Risk

Description of Hazard Who or Control Measures and/or recovery measures

Risk Rating

Likelihood

Risk Level
Likelihood

Severity
task step description what

Severity

Residual
and effect might be
Step harmed
No:

5. Lifting points Failure of Injury to 3P B 3M Offshore LOLER Focal Point to identify any 1P B 1L
lifting personnel. uncertified lifting points that require to be
points Damage to used.
equipment. 3A Uncertified lifting points are to be inspected 1A
Damage to and tested prior to being used by an
installation independent Competent Inspector.
surface.
6. Worksite Tripping Injury to 2P C 2M Keep the worksite clean and tidy. 1P C 1L
environment hazards personnel Remove or bridge any tripping hazards.

7. Worksite Trapped Injury to 2P C 2M PPE to be worn at all times. 1P C 1L

environment fingers personnel. Hands are to be kept clear of any trapping or
pinch points.

Assessor Name Overall Risk: Low

(print):
Completion
Assessor Name Date:
(sign):
Sigma3 (North Sea) Limited
LOLER Task Risk Assessment
Location: Area:

Permit No: Risk Assessment No:

Lifting Plan No: Technical Review:

Description of Lifting operation

Is sketch of Lifting Operation enclosed? Yes / no Non-Routine

Weight of load: Actual / Assessed (delete as appropriate)

Lifting Equipment & Accessories to be used (specify type, SWL):

ALL LIFTING OPERATIONS REQUIRE THE FOLLOWING TO BE CONSIDERED BUT THIS LIST IS NOT EXHAUSTIVE
 Weight, size, shape and centre of gravity of load  Working under suspended load
 Method of slinging / attaching / detaching the load  Overturning / load integrity / need for tag lines
 Availability of approved lifting points on load  Environmental conditions including weather
 Pre-use equipment checks by operator  Experience, competence and training of personnel
 Proximity hazards, obstructions, path of load  Number of personnel required for task
 Lifting over live equipment  Communication requirements
 Conflicting task in area  Only certified and colour coded lifting equipment to be used

Task Details (step by step) ( Use continuation sheet if required)

Individual Responsibility

Method(s) of communication to be used Radio  Verbal  Hand Signals 

Steps to be taken to eliminate danger to personnel involved and others, including barriers where appropriate.

PLANNED BY: NAME: SIGNATURE: DATE:

Focal Point NAME: SIGNATURE: DATE:

Approval¹:

Reviewed by²: NAME: SIGNATURE: DATE:

1. This must be approved by either the Onshore LOLER Focal Point or the Offshore LOLER Focal Point.
2. The competent person conducting the lift must carry out the review of the lifting plan.
Task 1

Relocate motor cover from its present position to the indicated landing area.

a. Identify the hazards

b. Develop a lifting plan

Select the equipment required from the charts provided

Bolt on cover c/w
4 x tapped holes
( M16) on top. 2.5m

1.25 m
Tare
Weight
500 kg

2.5 m
150mm x 250mm H Beams SWL
3 tonnes

3 tonne SWL Pad Eyes

Note:
The runway beam is in-line
With the tank, but out of
line with the cover

3m

Bolt on cover c/w Electrics

4 x tapped holes 12 m Tare
( M16) on top. Weight 9.5 m
500 kg 2.5 m
2.5 m Landing Area

1m
1.5
m

Very Hot conditions Very Noisy

 P.U.W.E.R
Selection and Suitability
Correct selection of suitable equipment can reduce or eliminate risks to health by
considering:

• Its initial integrity.

• Where it will be used.

• How it will be used.

• The nature and characteristics of the load.

• Any limitations on use specified by the manufacturer or supplier.

 P.U.W.E.R
Strength and Stability
Consider:

• Adequate strength.

• Mounting or fixing points.

• The weight of any associated accessories.

• Any other factors such as wind loading etc.

 P.U.W.E.R
Strength and Stability

Ensure:

• Adequate stability for its proposed use.

• Take effective measures to prevent overturning.

• That any stabilising equipment / measures operate effectively.

• The landing area is suitable.

 2 3 4
5 6

7 9a 9b

10

13
12 14
15

11
Hazards

1. Possible Live Electricity;

Q What is its function?

Q What will happen if the load falls or comes in

contact with it?
2. Noise Level: May hinder communication
with other people involved In operation.
Hazards

3. Doors and access/exits represent possible

hazard with people movement.

4. Presence of sensitive equipment such as the

motors should be considered

5. Misuse of equipment

6. Employing an unsafe method

Poor Planning

Some examples of lifting operations incidents that

could have been avoided by proper planning.
Crane driver told
it was 9 tonne
 What do I do now???

Actually it
was 14 tonne
Oh *!!*t!
Help
How Could This Incident Have Been Avoided?

A. Risk assessment should have considered the

following:
• A higher capacity crane reducing the risk
should have been considered.
• A load indicator should have alerted the crane
operative that this load was excessive.
• A trial lift should have been conducted.
How Could This Incident Have Been Avoided?

A. Risk assessment should have considered the

following:
• The container used was not suitable for the
purpose. (open ended with shallow sides)
These Contractors are installing the steel pillars in concrete to stop vehicles
from parking on the pavement outside a Sports Bar downtown. They are
now in the process of cleaning up at the end of the day and anxious to go home.
Lifting Video
 Human Error

Approximately 85% of all incidents and accidents

involving lifting equipment are attributable to Human
error.
Contributing factors:
1. Lack of supervision
2. Lack of Training
3. Lack of Proper Planning
 Over the last few years there have
been a number of fatalities and serious
accidents have occurred during lifting
and mechanical handling operations.
Fatality Review
Between 2000 & 2002 there have been 11 Fatalities on
offshore installations in the UK, Norway and Holland

These were our friends and colleagues

We need to work together to make sure that

we have no more deaths in our industry.
Guess What is Going to Happen Here?
Unloading from the Bucket ?
Nope!!
You’re Kidding ?!!
Hope he’s wearing his seat-belt?
I suspect the manufacturer didn’t have this
in mind when designing the Back-hoe
“Where There’s a Will, There’s a Way”!
Here is the question:
• Is he someone you would employ to be on your site team?

• Is he the answer to your prayers (Mr. Action Man), or

• Is he your worst nightmare (Mr. Excessive Risk Taker)

Its been said many times….

“There is a fine line between ingenuity and
Stop
 Stop

Question

• Why are they being pulled over?

• Some risks are not so obvious are they?

Lift Planning Appoint a competent person to undertake
planning the lifting operation ensuring that a
Process comprehensive risk assessment is conducted
identifying all foreseeable hazards.
ROUTINE
Does the operation
meet the criteria for
routine operations?
NO
NON-ROUTINE
Determine the scope of the
operation and identify the
Resources and equipment
Required
Offshore LOLER
Focal Point to determine
if Operation needs
onshore support
NO
Develop a plan for review
And approval
Hold toolbox talk using
the TRIC process
Competent personnel to
Perform lifting operation
according to plan
Competent personnel to
discuss the operation and
Note learning points
Competent personnel to
Hold toolbox talk and perform operation
Discuss relevant aspects according to lifting plan
YES
Competent personnel to
Note: The suitability of Discuss the operation
the proposed equipment And note learning points
Should be checked
YES Develop a draft plan and
forward to Onshore
LOLER Focal Point for
review and approval
Onshore LOLER Focal Note: Additional risk
Point to review and amend Assessment may be
As necessary, identifying required at this stage
Any additional resources
Required including any
Specialist or engineering
support required.
Onshore LOLER Focal
Point to liase with
Offshore LOLER Focal
Point to complete and
approve plan
Onshore LOLER Focal
Point to organise the
identified resources and
Ensure mobilisation is
implemented
Deploy all the identified
Resources required
Identify the Need to Conduct A Lifting Operation

• Responsible Person Identifies the need for a

lifting operation
Lifting Operations Flowchart
 Routine Lift Criteria
To be considered routine, the following criteria must be met

• The operation needs to be repetitive in nature, conducted at

least once in every every offshore crew change rotation.

• The users of the equipment need to have been specifically trained in its
use and familiar with its limitations.

• The operation needs to be such that the significant elements involved are
assessed as unlikely to be subject to change (the extent of which may impact on
the safety of the operation).
 Routine Lift Criteria
To be considered routine, the following criteria must be met

• The operation needs to be such that the identified competent personnel can
execute it in its entirety.

• The personnel involved must have performed their identified role previously.

• The involved personnel be familiar with both the written risk assessment
and the written lifting plan for the operation being conducted.

• The written plan must be approved by the Offshore LOLER Focal Point as
the current issue before the lift is conducted.
Routine
 Non Routine Lifts

Operations, which are considered not to meet the criteria attached to ‘Routine’,
will be considered ‘Non-Routine’ and will be treated in such a way as to ensure
the level of planning, the resources, and the personnel required are all fully
evaluated prior to commencement of the operation.
Roles & Responsibilities

OIM

• Is responsible for ensuring that all lifting operations on their installation

are conducted safely and are compliant with LOLER.

Responsible Person(s)

• Will identify the need for a lifting activity. They are responsible for
appointing competent personnel to plan the lift and must ensure
adequate resources and safe work systems are available to perform the
lift.
Roles & Responsibilities

Offshore LOLER Focal Point

• Provides technical support for all lifting related activities on the

installation within the workscope of Sigma 3.
• Their role is to participate in the lift planning process and where
required supervise and conduct lifting operations.

• They are responsible for approving lift plans written by competent

personnel and must provide adequate supervision when required

• They are responsible for managing the Sigma 3 rigging loft, inspecting
lifting equipment and accessories as determined by inspection routines
and liaising with the 3rd Party contractor undertaking thorough
examinations of Sigma 3 equipment.
Roles & Responsibilities
Offshore LOLER Focal Point

• When required the Offshore LOLER Focal Point in conjunction with the
Onshore LOLER Focal Point will review and approve lift plans for
Sigma 3 sub-contractors and supervise the lifting operation. They will,
if required, select the competent person(s) and appropriate supervision
to perform the lift on behalf of the sub-contractor.
• The Offshore LOLER Focal Point will, in co-operation with the 3rd Party
Crane Operator, plan all crane lifts as required.

• The Offshore LOLER Focal Point will actively support the OIM and
Responsible Person(s) in co-ordinating lifting activities with other
contractors on the installation. When required, they will be appointed
the Competent Person for lifting activities beyond the workscope of
Sigma 3.
Roles & Responsibilities

Competent Person(s)

Are those who participate in the lifting operations, for example, riggers,
deck co-ordinator & deck crew.

• They are responsible for demonstrating the necessary competencies &

current trade and industry lifting practices, in using safe systems of
work and the lift planning process to ensure the lifting operation is
performed safely.
It is vital that personnel assigned to the above roles recognise the limits of their
competence and know when and to whom to refer for advice.
PROCESS FOR PRE / POST USE INSPECTION OF RIGGING / LIFTING
EQUIPMENT.
START

IDENTIFY EQUIPMENT REQUIRING

INSPECTION

INSPECT EQUIPMENT USING INSPECTION

CHECKLIST. USE SAME LIST FOR
MULTIPLE ITEMS IF REQUIRED

NO
IS EQUIPMENT
DEFECTIVE?
YES

REMOVE FROM SERVICE

COMPLETE NON-CONFORMANCE
FORM

MARK EQUIPMENT AS U/S &

READY FOR RETURN TO BASE.

DISTRIBUTE NON-CONFORMACE
FORMS AS APPLICABLE.

RETURN DEFECTIVE ITEM TO

EQUIPMENT DEPARTMENT.

END
 LOLER
Contact Numbers
LOLER Compliance Focal Point

Graham.G.Young Tel No 01224 883924

Email: graham.g.young@shell.com
Structural Technical Authority For Hoisting and Lifting

Add all contact details

Offshore Responsibilities

OIM

Responsible Person

Maintenance/ Crane Sigma 3

Shell Contractors
Construction Operations Sub-
& Sub-Contractors
Deck Operations contractors

Competent Person

Rigger Deck Crew Sigma 3

Shell Contractors
Sub-
& Sub-Contractors
contractors

Offshore
LOLER
Focal Points

Onshore
LOLER
Focal Points
 Planning the Procedure
The following nine points should be taken into account when setting the procedure :

1. Cooperation and communication with others.

2. Selection and if necessary, installation of the lifting equipment.

3. Selection of the lifting gear and accessories.

4. Checking the lifting equipment is safe to use.

 Planning the Procedure
The following nine points should be taken into account when setting the procedure :

5. Assembly of the slinging arrangement.

6. Making a trial lift.

7. Lifting and if necessary, travelling the load.

8. Making a trial landing.

9. Clearing up.
 Defective Equipment

• Defective equipment must be tagged and removed from service

immediately
 Planning Task 2

Turn Tank from

Horizontal to Vertical
Plan No – Yard – 02D Crane 2 Boom
Turning Tank Position 1
From Vertical to
Horizontal Crane 2 Boom
Position Position 3

Stage 3 Horizontal
Crane 2 Boom
Position 2

Fixed Rotation
Point Crane 1
Sling Attachment
Sling Attachment
Points C & D
Points A & B Crane 2
Hoist & Boom
Movements

Stage 1 Vertical
1 metre
Ground Level
Plan No – Yard – 02D
Turning Tank
From Horizontal to Crane 2 Boom
Vertical Position Position 3

Stage 3 Vertical
Crane 2 Boom
Position 2

Crane 2 Boom
Position 1

Stage 2 45°
Fixed Rotation Sling Attachment
Point Crane 1 Points A & B
Sling Attachment
Points C & D

Stage 1 Vertical
1 metre
Ground Level
 Tank Sitting Horizontally
D Frame B

Top
Crane 1 View Crane 2

A
C

Side
View
 Tank Sitting Vertically
Frame

Crane 1 Crane 2
Top View

Side
View
 Equipment List
Lifting Plan No Yard –02 - D

A. 2 x 90 tonne capacity mobile cranes ( see

crane approval list).

B. 2 x signs (crane 1) and ( crane 2), suitable for

display on each crane window (printed
both sides).
C. 1 x two way radio communication set, capable
of communications with both crane drivers and
the banksman.
 Equipment List
Lifting Plan No Yard –02 - D
D. 4 x 20 tonne SWL webbing slings with soft
eyes each end; 2 x _____long, 2 x
_____long,
E. 2 xboth _____wide.
25 tonne SWL alloy bow safety pin shackles
c/w split cotter pins.
F. 2 x wooden sleepers sufficient to allow
insertion /detachment of web slings around the
box section They must be suitable for allowing
one end of the tank frame to rest on them.
Organising of Lifting Operations

Every employer shall ensure that every lifting

operation involving lifting equipment is:

a. Properly planned by a competent person;

b. Appropriately supervised; and

c. Carried out in a safe manner.

 CP 3010: 1972

SWL The safe working load of a crane is calculated on the assumption that the
load will be raised and lowered in a vertical plane.

The crane structure will have been designed to withstand any lateral loads
imposed by accelerations in the crane motions, but it is unsafe to rely on this
lateral strength to withstand horizontal components of out-of- plumb lifts.

It is recommended that the safe working load of each crane for the required jib
length and operating radius should be at least 25% in excess of the calculated
share of the load to be handled by each crane during the tandem lift.
 BS 7121: Part 1: 1989

Safe working loads apply only to freely suspended loads.

The hoisting slewing, traversing, luffing or travelling motions of a crane should

not be used to drag any load along the ground with the hoist rope out of the
vertical position.
 Tandem Lifting CP 3010: 1972
Tandem lifting requires extremely careful planning and an accurate assessment of
the share of the load, which is to be carried by each crane. There should be a full
appreciation of how and to what extent this can vary should the load come out of
level or should one or both cranes have to derrick, travel or slew, resulting in the
hoist ropes coming out of plumb.

If any of these circumstances occur an additional load can be thrown on either or

both cranes which may affect crane stability or cause a structural collapse.
11/06/01 Update: In reference to the photos of the M4100 and M4600 cranes, lifting the section in Queensland, 1993.

The cranes are owned by Lampson, however, Lampson personnel had no involvement in the lift.

What made the M4100WS2 tip? The M4600WS5 and M4100 lifted the load, no problem. They then tracked sideways. During the
tracking, the site personnel noticed the M4600's counterweight was going to hit a steel bollard (post concreted into the ground).
They kept tracking! Then they slewed the M4600 to the operator's right, in effect pulling the load away from the M4100. They kept
this going, thinking that they were almost there.

From reports, they then decided it was not going to make it and slewed the M4600 back (whoops), in doing so, it allowed the load to
swing into the M4100's boom as its tracks sat back down.

In any case, good planning would have identified the bollard before any crane work began. PREVENTABLE right?

Bottom line: Poor preplanning