Product

Development
Organizations
BMA4813
 LESSON OUTCOMES
At the end of the lecture, students should be able to:

 Explain the product development organizations.

 Differentiate the characteristics of different

organizational structures.
Product development
organizations
Product development
organizations
Differentiate the characteristics of different organizational structures
RnD
Production planning

Production planning is the planning of production

and manufacturing processes in a company or
industry. It utilizes the resource allocation of
activities of employees, materials and production
capacity, in order to serve different customers.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_planning
RnD
RnD
Long-term planning & control (1-10 year period)
 Concerned on resources & objectives to achieve
 Emphasize on planning rather than control
 Uses aggregated demand forecasts
 Determines resources in aggregated form
 Objectives set in largely financial terms; R&D, facility location & capacity, capital investment

Medium-term planning & control (3-18 month period)

 Concerned with planning in more detail
 Uses partially disaggregated demand forecasts
 Determines resources and contingencies
 Objectives set in both financial and operations terms; workforce size & work shift, planned
overtime, demand modifications

Short-term planning & control (< 3 month period)

 Uses totally disaggregated forecasts or actual demand
 Makes interventions to resources to correct deviations from plans
 Ad hoc consideration of operations objectives
 personnel scheduling, production scheduling & sequencing, material purchases
RnD
Styling
RnD
Computer-aided engineering (CAE) is the broad
usage of computer software to aid in engineering
analysis tasks. It includes Finite Element Analysis
(FEA), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD),
Multibody dynamics (MBD), and optimization.

https://en.wikipedia.org
RnD
• Reduce product development cost and time

• Improving the safety, comfort and durability of

the car

• Design verification is done on computer

simulations rather than physical testing
RnD
CAE
RnD
Body
RnD
Body
RnD Interior
RnD Interior
RnD Interior
RnD Electrical
RnD H&T
Homologation (Greek homologeo, ὁμολογέω, "to agree") is the
granting of approval by an official authority. This may be a court of
law, a government department, or an academic or professional body,
any of which would normally work from a set of strict rules or
standards to determine whether such approval should be given.

The word may be considered very roughly synonymous with

accreditation, and in fact in French and Spanish may be used with
regard to academic degrees (see apostille). Certification is another
possible synonym, while to homologate is the infinitive verb form.
RnD H&T
In today's marketplace, for instance, products must often be
homologated by some public agency to assure that they meet
standards for such things as safety and environmental impact. A
court action may also sometimes be homologated by a judicial
authority before it can proceed, and the term has a precise legal
meaning in the judicial codes of some countries.

The equivalent process of testing and certification for conformance to

technical standards is usually known as Type Approval in English-
language jurisdictions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/
RnD Prototype
A prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product built to
test a concept or process or to act as a thing to be replicated or learned
from. It is a term used in a variety of contexts, including semantics,
design, electronics, and software programming. A prototype is designed
to test and try a new design to enhance precision by system analysts
and users. Prototyping serves to provide specifications for a real,
working system rather than a theoretical one. In some workflow models,
creating a prototype (a process sometimes called materialization) is the
step between the formalization and the evaluation of an idea.

The word prototype derives from the Greek πρωτότυπον prototypon,

"primitive form", neutral of πρωτότυπος prototypos, "original, primitive",
from πρῶτος protos, "first" and τύπος typos, "impression".

https://en.wikipedia.org/
RnD Prototype
RnD Powertrain

In a motor vehicle, the term powertrain or powerplant describes the

main components that generate power and deliver it to the road
surface, water, or air. This includes the engine, transmission, drive
shafts, differentials, and the final drive (drive wheels, continuous
track as in military tanks or caterpillar tractors, propeller, etc.).

Sometimes "powertrain" is used to refer to simply the engine and

transmission, including the other components only if they are integral
to the transmission.
RnD Powertrain
A motor vehicle's driveline or drivetrain consists of the parts of the
powertrain excluding the engine and transmission. It is the portion of
a vehicle, after the transmission, that changes depending on
whether a vehicle is front-wheel, rear-wheel, or four-wheel drive, or
less-common six-wheel or eight-wheel drive.

In a wider sense, the power-train includes all of its components used

to transform stored (chemical, solar, nuclear, kinetic, potential, etc.)
energy into kinetic energy for propulsion purposes. This includes the
utilization of multiple power sources and non–wheel-based vehicles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/
RnD Powertrain
QC
Quality control, or QC for short, is a process by which entities review
the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines
quality control as "A part of quality management focused on fulfilling
quality requirements“.

This approach places an emphasis on three aspects:

1. Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well

managed processes, performance and integrity criteria, and
identification of records

2. Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and

qualifications

3. Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence,

organizational culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality
relationships.
QC
Controls include product inspection, where every product is
examined visually, and often using a stereo microscope for fine
detail before the product is sold into the external market.

Inspectors will be provided with lists and descriptions of

unacceptable product defects such as cracks or surface blemishes
for example.
https://en.wikipedia.org/
QC GD&T

Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) is a system for

defining and communicating engineering tolerances.

It uses a symbolic language on engineering drawings and

computer-generated three-dimensional solid models that
explicitly describes nominal geometry and its allowable variation.
QC GD&T

It tells the manufacturing staff and machines what degree of

accuracy and precision is needed on each controlled feature of
the part.

GD&T is used to define the nominal (theoretically perfect)

geometry of parts and assemblies, to define the allowable
variation in form and possible size of individual features, and to
define the allowable variation between features.
https://en.wikipedia.org
QC
• QC stamping
• QC body
• QC painting
• QC T/F
• QC ETM
Engineering
• PE Stamping
• PE Body
• PE Painting
• PE T/F
• PE ETM
Purchasing
Manufacturing
• PPC
• Assembly line
• Jigs and fixtures
• Guns
Consultant
• Experts
• PMO
Business Department
• International requirements
• Potential Markets
Vendors

• International
• Local
• Supply chain
• Performance records
Finance