Maharashtra State Board Of Technical Education,

Mumbai.

Vidyavardhini Charitable Trust’s

Abhaysinhraje Bhonsale Institute of Technology
Shahunagar - Shendre, Satara.
2020-2021
A PROJECT REPORT ON :
Study of L,C,&π Filter
SUBMITTED BY :
Yadav Pranav Rajendra
Yele Ankita Santosh
Yele Sanchita Tatyaba

Yewale Mansi Sunil

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF :Jadhav P.A

(2021-22)
 Vidyavardhini Charitable Trust’s
Abhaysinhraje Bhonsle Institute of Technology (Polytechnic)
Shahunagar-Shendre, Tal/Dist. -Satara.
CERTIFICATE
Diploma in it Engineering, has Satisfactorly completed the project work under mini project
report on Study of L,C, &π Filter my guidance and supervision, this is part of pratical
fulfillment of the requirement for submission of Maharashtra State Board Of Technical
Education, Mumbai during semester
First of Acadeamic year 2021-2022.

GUIDE HOD PRINCIPLE

Jhadhav mam Mr. Khandale sir Mr. Dhumal S. U.
General Science
IT Depth
A.B.I.T ( poly)
A.B.I.T ( poly) A.B.I.T ( poly)

Satara Satara Satara

 ACTION PLAN

Sr no Detail of activity Starting date Ending date

1 Select the project topic : Leaflet about the

transducer

2 Search the information of the project

3 Collect information and images of project

4 Study the need of the project

5 Arrange the information in the sequence

6 Make the project report

7 Take the guidance of all sub teachers

8 Prepare the presentation of micro-project

9 Submit the report

 Inductor Filter (L-Filter)
An inductor filter, also known as a
choke filter, is a circuit that uses an 
inductor to improve the output
signal of a rectifier.

It’s helpful to think of a rectifier as producing a combination of both

DC and AC components.
An ideal AC to DC converter would output a signal with no (zero) AC
component and 100% DC component.
In comparison, rectifiers produce a pulsed DC output that has relatively
poor characteristics. This seems obvious because a pulsed signal does
not bear much resemblance to a flat DC signal, but it is also reflected in
properties like a high ripple factor. This indicates that the AC
component within the output signal is large.
Rectifier filters such as an inductor, or L-filter, are used to improve the
output of a rectifier by reducing the AC component and increasing the
DC component.
Filters are commonly made from passive components including 
capacitors and inductors.
Even a single component that is well chosen for the application can
drastically improve the output signal quality.
Inductor filters can be used to improve the output quality of half-wave,
full-wave, or bridge rectifiers. However the best output signal will be
achieved by combining a filter with a rectifier that produces a full
output wave such as full-wave and bridge rectifiers.
Inductor Filters
Advantages
1.The air core inductor is simple in construction.

The air core inductor does not depend upon the value of
current it carries and also eliminates the iron losses from
magnetic core.

2.It has no core losses at high frequencies.

3.The air core inductor is cheap.

Disadvantages
4.The inductors of high inductance value are not possible.

5.It is in large size.

6.The number of turns in a coil necessary to achieve the

same inductance that would occur in a solid-core inductor.

4.Its  Q factor is low.
What is an LC Filter?

An LC filter combines inductors (L) and capacitors (C) to form

low-pass, high-pass, multiplexer, band-pass, or band-reject filtering
in radio frequency (RF) and many other applications. Passive
electronic LC filters block, or reduce, noise (EMI) from circuits
and systems, and separate, or condition, desired signals.

While ideal filters would pass desired signal frequencies with no

insertion loss or distortion, and completely block all signals in the
stop-band, real filters have DC and AC resistances that contribute
to insertion loss, requiring careful component selection.

Selecting the exact values of the parts for a particular application

requires high quality components as well as complete
specifications and performance models. The simplest to design and
implement are the low-pass and high-pass types.

Coilcraft high-Q, tight-tolerance, surface-mount RF chip inductors

and air-core inductors help you achieve top performance in all of
these LC filter categories
How do you design LC filters?

The alignment (type) of the filter determines the flatness of

frequency behavior and the sharpness of the cut-off. There
are many types of alignments, including those with the
most commonly desired characteristics such as
Butterworth, Bessel, Chebyshev, and elliptic.

The simplest LC filter consists of one inductor and one

capacitor. Higher-order filter alignments use more
components to give a sharper, more defined roll-off in
attenuation of unwanted noise.

For example, Elliptic (Cauer) filters give the sharpest roll-

off and are the least sensitive to component variation. As a
trade-off, there is more pass-band ripple and stop-band
ripple in Elliptic LC filters.
advantags
•The choke input (LC) filter has a high output D.C voltage.

 
•The diode does not have to carry surge currents.

•It has a very low ripple factor as compared to series inductor filter
and shunt capacitor filter.

•It has very good load regulation.

Disadvantages
•It cannot be used together with half wave rectifier.

•Due to inductor it produces the audible noise.

•It is not useful for very low load currents.

•There is a loss of power in the series inductor due to its DC

resistance.

•It has low output D.C. voltage than that of π type filter.

•It has high ripple factor than that of π type filter.

•It becomes costly due to the use of large value of an inductor L and
a capacitor C.

•The use of bleeder resistor increases the rating of rectifier circuit.

π Filter
Definition: Pi filter consists of a shunt capacitor at the
input side, and it is followed by an L-section filter. The
output from the rectifier is directly given across capacitor.
The pulsating DC output voltage is filtered first by the
capacitor connected at the input side and then by choke
coil and then by another shunt capacitor.

The construction arrangement of all the components

resembles the shape of Greek letter Pi (π). Thus it is
called Pi filter. Besides, the capacitor is present at the
input side. Thus, stage it is also called capacitor input
filter.

Working of π filter π- filter

The output voltage coming from rectifier also

consist of AC components. Thus it is a crucial need
to remove these AC ripples to improve the
performance of the device.
The output from the rectifier is directly applied to
the input capacitor. The capacitor provides a low
impedance to AC ripples present in the output
voltage and high resistance to DC voltage.
Therefore, most of the AC ripples get bypassed
through the capacitor in input stage only.
advantages
•The quality of output DC voltage is very good.

•It has higher DC output voltage at heavy loads.

•It is easy to design.

•It has very low and smallest amount of ripple factor.

Disadvantage
•It needs larger value of input capacitor.

•It requires higher PIV (peak inverse voltage).

•There is a loss of power in inductor.

•Due to use of more filters, it is costlier and bulky.

•It has increased peak diode current.

•It loads the rectifier in case of input capacitor is leaky.

•It needs the choke of higher current rating.

•There is a loss of power in the inductor

 conclusion
As this project is L,C, &π Filter the main filter is
L,c, &π filtr. Which very hard work and team this
project .are able take to L,C, &π Filter many
Problem were faced during it’s making it is
good project to helps us to understand of L,C,&π
Filter.
• Physics- textbook for class xii (NCERT)
• Laboratory manual of physics
• Encyclopedias

Websites-

www.google.in
www.wikipedia.org
www.youtube.com

THANKING-
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