5G Wireless

Technology
AHMED K. DARAJ
Content

● What is 5G?
● How 5G works?
● Applications of 5G
● Current availability of 5G

2
Mobile technology generations

3
What is 5G?
What is 5G?
5G simply refers to the next and newest mobile wireless standard
based on the IEEE 802.11ac standard of broadband technology.
Rather than faster Internet connection speeds, 5G aims at a
higher capacity than current 4G LTE, allowing a higher
number of mobile broadband users per area unit, and allowing
consumption of data quantities in gigabyte per second.

5
Features of 5G technology
● High & increased peak bit rate (Up to 10Gbps connections to
endpoints in the field)
● Larger data volume per unit area (i.e. high system spectral efficiency)
● High capacity to allow more devices connectivity concurrently and
instantaneously (100 percent coverage)
● More bandwidth
● Lower battery consumption

6
Features of 5G technology
● Better connectivity irrespective of the geographic region
● A larger number of supporting devices (10 to 100x number of
connected devices)
● Lower cost of infrastructural development
● Higher reliability of the communications (One millisecond end-to-end
round trip delay)
● Machine to machine communication, also known as the Internet of
things (IOT)

7
Comparisons
3G 4G 5G

Bandwidth 2mbps 200mbps 1gbps

Average speed 144 kbps 25 mbps 200-400 mbps

Latency 100 ms 30-60ms 1 ms

8
How 5G works?
How 4G works?
● 4G connection uses macrocells (normal
mobile tower).
● Lower frequency band used to send message.
● These towers send signal in each direction
which is caught by another device with
which we want to connect.
● It uses optical fibres to move signal to
another towers around the world.

10
How does 5G work?
● In 5G, the network service area is divided into
small geographical areas called cells.
● All the 5G wireless devices in a cell
communicate by radio waves with a local
antenna and low power automated transceiver
(transmitter and receiver) in the cell.

11
How does 5G work? (...continued)
● 5G works on previously untouched radio
frequency part of the network works on a
band known as sub 6 which is from 600
MHz to 6 GHz.
● But 5G can go beyond that resulting in
higher data rates and performance with the
trade-off of range that is with so much data it
cannot move far also lowering the wall
penetration of signal.

12
13
 How does 5G work? (...continued)
● For that why we need more number of
small cells installed closer to each
others than the traditional mobile
towers.
● These cell sites can beam signal to
specific locations where needed more
rather than everywhere in any
direction.

14
 How does 5G work? (...continued)

Beamforming or spatial filtering is a signal processing

technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal
transmission or reception. The improvement compared
with omnidirectional reception/transmission is known as
the directivity of the array.

15
16
17
How does 5G work? (...continued)
● Due to closer cells network become
dense and increase capacity of
network.
● 5G can support up to a million
devices per square kilometer, while
4G supports only up to 100,000
devices per square kilometer.

18
5G spectrum bands
● Low-band spectrum ● High-band spectrum –
○ Expect peak speeds up to ○ Expect peak speeds up
100Mbps to 10Gbps
○ Widest range and high ○ Low range and
penetration penetration

● Mid-band spectrum –
○ Expect peak speeds up to 1Gbps
○ Balanced range and penetration

19
Applications of 5G
1. Autonomous vehicle

2. Support to artificial intelligence

3. IOT in Industry Use Cases

4. Virtual Reality & Augmented Reality

21
Current development and
availability of 5G
Worldwide deployment of 5G
● South Korea was the first country to implement 5G in April 2019.
● The 4 major carriers AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, and Verizon have launched low-
band spectrum 5G services at the end of 2019 across several states of USA.
● Philippines was the first country in Southeast Asia to start 5G network after
Globe Telecom commercially launched its 5G data plans to customers in June
2019.
● China, United Kingdom, Japan, Australia and Germany have also
implemented the 5G network.

23
Thank you!

24