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Chap11 - Acct. For Sales, Purchases - Returns
Chap11 - Acct. For Sales, Purchases - Returns
Chap11 - Acct. For Sales, Purchases - Returns
Frank Wood’s
Business Accounting 1
Chapter 11
Accounting for sales,
purchases and returns
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.2
Learning objectives
After finishing this chapter, you will be able to:
Distinguish between a cash sale and a credit
sale and between the way they are recorded in
the accounting books.
Make the appropriate entries relating to credit
sales in a sales day book.
Make the correct postings from the sales day
book to the sales ledger and general ledger.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.3
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.4
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.5
Cash sales
When goods are paid for by cash, cheque
or immediate transfer, they are described
as ‘cash sales’.
For accounting purposes, we do not need
to know the name and address of the
customer and there is no entry made in the
sales day book.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.6
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.7
Credit sales
The majority of businesses will make mostly
credit sales.
For each credit sale, an invoice is issued,
giving full details of the sale, and this is used
to request payment from the customer.
The business uses the invoice as a record of
the sale and enters the details in the sales
day book, including date, customer name,
invoice number and invoice amount.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.8
An example of an invoice
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.9
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.10
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.11
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.12
Activity
Post the entries in the sales day book to
the customer accounts in the sales ledger
and the sales account in the general
ledger.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.13
Activity (Continued)
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.14
Trade discounts
Businesses often offer a trade discount to
certain customers.
The trade discount is a percentage figure,
and will depend on the amount the
customer purchases.
Trade discount is shown on an invoice but
never ever appears in the double-entry
bookkeeping.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.15
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.16
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.17
Credit control
Any business should check that debtors
are paying their accounts on time.
If cash is not received from debtors
promptly, it can cause cash shortages for
the business.
No business can survive cash shortages,
no matter how profitable they are.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.18
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.19
Purchase invoices
Purchase invoices are sent to the buyers
of any goods that have been bought on
credit.
Any sales invoice issued by a business is
a purchase invoice when received by the
buying business.
The buyer enters the purchase invoice into
a purchase day book before recording the
details using double entry bookkeeping.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.20
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.21
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.22
Activity
Post the purchases day book to the
supplier accounts in the purchases ledger
and the purchases account in the general
ledger.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.23
Activity (Continued)
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.24
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.25
A credit note
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.26
Activity
Post the returns inwards day book to the
customer accounts in the sales ledger and
the returns inwards account in the general
ledger.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.27
Activity (Continued)
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.28
Returns outwards
and debit notes
When goods are returned, the supplier will
send a credit note to the customer, but if
the customer chooses, they can send a
debit note to the supplier.
A debit note will contain the same details
as a credit note, but is always titled as a
debit note.
Debit notes are entered in the returns
outwards day book.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.29
A debit note
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.30
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.31
Activity
Post the returns outwards day book to the
supplier accounts in the purchase ledger
and the returns outwards account in the
general ledger.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.32
Activity (Continued)
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.33
Statements
At the end of each month, a business will send a
statement to each debtor who owes money on
the last day of the month.
A statement is a copy of the debtor’s account in
the supplier’s books.
A statement should show the amount owing at
the start of the month, all sales invoices, all
credit notes, any payments from the debtor and
the amount due at the end of the month.
Debtors should always check the statement
against their version of the account.
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.34
A statement
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018
Slide 11.35
Frank Wood and Alan Sangster, Frank Wood’s Business Accounting 1, 14th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2018