Grade 8 – Mathematics

Quarter 1
Illustrating a Rectangular Coordinate System

Reporter:
Matt Kenji Cordova
Ravien Efren Bacolod
 Objectives
1. Define the Rectangular coordinate system: x-axis; y-axis;
quadrant and origin

2. Plot the given coordinates in a coordinate plane.

3. Determine the quadrant given a pair of coordinates.

Rectangular Coordinate System
Pretest
1. What is the other name of Rectangular Coordinate System?
A. Y plane C. Cartesian plane
B. X plane D. number lines
2. How many quadrants does a Rectangular Coordinate System have?
A. 2 C. 6
B. 4 D. 8
3. Point (3, 4) is an example of _______.
A. labels C. ordered pair
B. fraction D. point of origin
4. What do you call the horizontal number line in the Cartesian plane?
A. x-axis C. origin
B. y-axis D. quadrant
5. What do you call the point of intersection of x-axis and y-axis?
A. quadrant C. origin
B. vertical line D. coordinates
 Rectangular Coordinate System
• A system used for graphing number pairs. It is also
known as Cartesian plane or XY plane.

• The Cartesian plane is named

after the French Mathematician
Rene Descartes ( 1596 -1650 )

• He is known as the “Father of

modern Mathematics”.
 Rectangular Coordinate System (Cartesian Plane)
• composed of two number lines perpendicular to each other
y-axis
Vertical line
6
• The point of intersection of
5
x-axis and y-axis is called
4
the origin
3 origin
2

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6
x-axis
-1 Horizontal line
-2

-3

-4

-5

-6
Rectangular Coordinate System (Cartesian Plane)
• Cartesian plane is divided into four regions called quadrants

• Moving in counter-clockwise y-axis

direction starting from the
upper right 6

Quadrant II 4 Quadrant I
3

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6
x-axis
-1

-2

-3

Quadrant III -4 Quadrant IV

-5

-6
 Rectangular Coordinate System
• Each point in the plane can be
y-axis
located using an ordered pair of 9
numbers (𝑥, 𝑦) 8

Positive
7
Ordered pair
• The numbers in the ordered pair are 6
( x,y )
called coordinates. 5
4

( x,y) 3
2
( 5,4 ) coordinates
Negative 1 Positive
x- coordinate y-coordinate x-axis
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1
• Also known as • Also known as -2
abscissa ordinate -3
-4
• If the value of x-coordinate is positive

Negative
-5
move to the right, if it is negative move -6
to the left. -7

• If the value of y-coordinate is -8

-9
positive move up, if it is negative
move down.
 Rectangular Coordinate System
Four Quadrants y-axis
9
8
If the x is negative, and Quadrant II 7 Quadrant I
the y is positive, then 6 If both the x and y are
the point is in ( x, y ) 5 ( x, y ) positive, then the
Quadrant II. (-,+) 4 (+,+) point is in Quadrant I.
3
2
Ex. ( -3 , 7 ) Ex. ( 3 , 7 )
1

-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x-axis
-1
-2
Quadrant III -3 Quadrant IV
-4

If both the x and y are ( x, y ) -5

( x, y ) If the x is positive and the y is
negative, then the point -6

is in Quadrant III. (-,-) -7 (+,-) negative, then the point is in

-8
Quadrant IV.
Ex. ( -3 , -7 ) -9
Ex. ( 3 , -7 )
 Rectangular Coordinate System
Example: y-axis
Plot the following points in the
Cartesian Plane: Quadrant II 9
8
A ( 6,5 ) D ( -5, 7) Quadrant I
7
6 A ( 6,5 )
B ( 3,-2) 5
4
C (-4, -6 ) 3
2
( 8,0 ) along the x-axis
D (-5, 7 ) 1
F
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x-axis
E (0, -5) -1
-2
B ( 3,-2 )
-3
F (8,0 ) -4 Quadrant IV
-5
NOTE: When plotting a point in the Cartesian E ( 0,-5 )
Plane, remember that the first number is for -6

the horizontal axis and the second number is C ( -4,-6 ) -7 along the y-axis
for the vertical axis. Therefore, make the first -8
move either right or left in the x-axis then up Quadrant III -9
or down in the y-axis
 Cartesian Plane
y-axis
Example:
9
Plot the points on the Cartesian plane
8
connect each pair of consecutive 7
points and find the perimeter of the 6
resulting quadrilateral. 5
O ( -3, 4 ) 4
L ( 3, 4 )
a) L (3,4) 3
2
b) O (−3, 4) 1

c) V (−3, −4) -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x-axis
-1
d) E (3, −4) -2
-3
-4
V ( -3, -4 ) -5
E ( 3, -4 )
Connecting the points L, O, V, E , it -6
forms a rectangle. -7
-8
-9