ALL INDIA SENIOR SCHOOL

CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION :
2022-23

ST. XAVIER’S HIGH SCHOOL

VYAPAR VIHAR, BILASPUR

SCHOOL CODE : 15246

CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Bacterial contamination in drinking

water by testing sulphide ion

GUIDED BY :- SUBMITTED BY:-

KULDEEP SHRIVAS N V KASTURI
PGT(CHEMISTRY) CLASS: 11 th ‘A’
This project entitled “Bacterial
contamination in drinking water by testing
sulphide ion” is the project work in
chemistry(043), successfully completed by N
V Kasturi, student of class XI A, from St.
Xavier’s high school, Vyapar vihar with
AISSCE Roll no 03 under the supervision of
Mr. Kuldeep Shrivas (PGT Chemistry), for
the partial fulfilment of requirements for the
course completion in pursuance of AISSCE
2022-23.

Teacher in charge External Examiner

Principal
I would like to express my special thanks
to my teacher Mr. Kuldeep Shrivas, who
gave me the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project of chemistry on topic
bacterial contamination in drinking
water by testing sulphide ion, who also
helped me in completing this project. I
came to know many new things with this
project.
I also thanks the principal of our school
Ms. Supriya A P, for providing me the
opportunity to embark on this project.
Then I would also like to thank my parents
and friends who helped me during
completing this project.

Sign of candidate:
Date:
1. INTRODUCTION
2. AIM
3. REQUIREMENTS
4. PROCEDURE
5. OBSERVATION
6. RESULT
7. CONCLUSIONS
8. PRECAUTIONS
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY
The sulphide ion test for bacterial
contamination is good. In surface
waters, hydrogen sulphide is formed
under oxygen deficient conditions.
Hydrogen sulphide is also produced
from the decomposition of sulphur
containing organic compounds.
The concentration of sulphide
ion becomes significant only at pH 10
or above.
Under acidic conditions, the
concentration of hydrogen sulphide
predominates. Hydrogen sulphide is a
weak acid, which ionizes to yield
hydrosulphide(HS-) and sulphide
(S2) ions. Hydrogen sulphide is
highly toxic to fish. Concentrations
of total sulphide as low as 0.01
mg/L make the water uninhabited fish culture.
Hydrogen sulphide also reduces the aesthetic
value of the water body due to foul colour. The
bacterial contamination can be tested using
H2S strip.
Presence of pathogenic bacteria in water can
be detected by testing the sulphide content of
water. The presence of sulphide ions in water
is an indicator of: i) High pH above
10.ii) Sulphide producing bacteria iii)
Diminished oxygen concentrations
Conducting the sulphide ion test:- The
sulphide ion test is conducted using an
Hydrogen sulphide strip (H₂S). - The H₂S
strip is dipped into the water to be tested for
14 to 16 hours. - The H₂S strip turns black
if sulphide ions are present in the water. The
black colour is due to the ionization of the
H₂S.
To test the contamination of drinking water by
bacteria be checking the sulphide
concentration andfind ion out the cause
contamination. of
APPARATUS REQUIRED

1. Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S strip)

2. Beaker
3. Drinking water
4. Thermometer

• CHEMICALS REQUIRED

• 1. Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)

 This experiment is to be done in
an incubator

 Add about 250ml of water in a

beaker.
Dip the H2S strip in the beaker with
water.
Heat the beaker for about 35 degree
centigrade
Check the temperature
(temperature should be at 35 degree
centigrade)
Keep it in incubator for 14-16 hours
of time.
Check the result if the water turns
black then it is unfit for drinking /
highly contaminated for drinking or for
human
The use.
sulphide test for
ion contamination bacterial good.
is In surface
waters, hydrogen sulphide is formed
under oxygen-deficient conditions.
Hydrogen sulphide is also produced
from the decomposition of sulphur
containing organic compounds. The
concentration of sulphide ion becomes
significant only at pH 10 or above
Source of Water Result
Water from the Water is fit for
tap of house drinking.
at madanrting
Water from the Water is unfit for
tap of drinking
happy valley
houses
Spring water Water is fit for
drinking
River water Water is not fit
for drinking
By the experiment done the result
says that at some place water is fit
for drinking at some places whereas
it is unfit for drinking at some places.
Especially water is unfit for drinking
from river bodies.
Water is mostly unfit
for drinking from river.
Water is also unfit for drinking
at some of the water that come
to houses.

Therefore we should purify the

water before drinking. And we
should not drink water from
random places.
The handling precautions should be
numerous and multi-level. They also need
to be adapted to the volume of H2S that
you will have inside the lab and the extent
of the research effort that you plan that
involves H2S. It is one thing to run a
couple of experiments with small volumes
of H2S and it is another to use large
numbers of moles of H2S for extended
periods of time.
For small volumes and limited
experimentation, working with everything
inside of a well functioning fume hood
along with a portable monitoring system,
air packs, and notification of "neighbours"
and an H2S training program for everyone
who MIGHT get involved (include
neighbours), is an absolute minimum.
For large volumes of H2S and/or a
extended research program, you need to
have the area where the testing is
performed so well ventilated that all the air
in a room can be evacuated in just a
of minutes (for this assume that the
couple
containment inside the hood will be
breached). There should be a fixed H2S
monitoring system located just above floor
level because H2S is heavier than air.
This monitoring system should be
attached to an alarm system (both audio
and visual like a fire system) with the
readout located outside of the
containment area and an alarm should
activate the air evacuation of the
containment area. The air pack supply
should be located outside of containment
as should the buddy during any activity
that handles H2S. And the training of
anyone impacted by the testing should
include the operation of the H2S alarm
system, use of the rescue breathing
equipment, procedures for removing
someone who has been knocked down
by the H2S inside the containment area
and EVERYONE should be certified to
perform CPR at least every six months.
Finally, don't forget that you will need a
way to recover and neutralize any H2S
that you are handling. That goes for both
the H2S that is successfully contained in
your test as well as any H2S that is
accidentally released. For small H2S
volumes for short tests, you need to have
the outlet of your hood evaluated for exit
velocity and stack height. If you can
push the H2S out fast enough and
high enough above the building, then
dispersion may be sufficient for safe
handling (once again remember that it is
heavier than air so it sinks). For large
volumes and extended research, you need
to have a commercial gas scrubber
attached to the exhaust system that is
designed to handle the air volume from the
emergency exhaust condition. These
systems can work using a number of
chemicals to scrub the H2S. I have
worked with systems based upon the
use of sodium carbonate and others
that used iron oxide particles.
1. Chemistry Lab manual
2. www.Brainly.in
3. www.Scribd.com
4. www.Meritnation.com
5. Ncert.nic.in
6. www.indiawaterportal.org
7. www.coursehero.com