Basic Instrument Panel

Pressure Instruments
Gyroscopic Instruments
Pressure Instruments
Airspeed Indicator
Altimeter
Vertical Speed Indicator
Errors
Instrument
Temperature
Configuration and Manoeuvre
Pressure
Barometric
Lag
Compressibility/Density
Blockages
ASI
Pitot blockage under read in descent, over read in
climb
Static Blockage under read in climb, over read in
descent

Altimeter
Reads altitude blockage occurred at

VSI
Instrument reads zero
Gyros
Properties
Rigidity

Precession
Gyroscopic Instruments Vacuum
Pump Driven
Attitude Indicator
Direction Indicator
Turn Coordinator & Turn Indicator
& Balance Indicator
Errors
Real Wander

Apparent Wander

Manoeuvre

Gimbal
Gyro problems
Gyros take time to reach correct operating speed
on start up
Speed of the rotor depends on airflow through
the system
Joints need to be airtight which can limit
freedom around an axis
Dust and moisture cause corrosion and bearing
wear
Blockages or partial blockages affect rigidity
The End