Big Data and its Impact on Health Care

Presented By,

Dr. S. LILLY SHEEBA,

Associate Professor,
Department of Computer Science & Engineering,
SRMIST, Ramapuram,
Chennai - 600089.

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 Contents
• How much time will it take to query this?
• In a minute...
• Big Data
• Characteristics of Big Data – 3 V’s
• Volume
• Velocity
• Variety
• Applications of
• Big Data and Covid -19
• Proposed Framework
• References

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 How much time will it take to query this?

• Excel: A table of 500 MB

• Access: A table of 10 GB

• SQL: A table of 50 GB

• Running on 20, 980, 000 GB Google file. It deals with

more than 20 PB/ day.(1TB-1000GB; 1PB-1000PB)

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 In a minute .......

• 204 million Emails received

• 2 million search queries/day

• 48 hours of video on YouTube uploaded

• 217 new users on Mobile Web

• 34000 likes on Facebook

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 BIG DATA

• Collection of large and complex datasets

• Difficult to process using traditional DBMS tools or

traditional data processing applications

• Requires new architecture, techniques, algorithms and

analytics to manage and extract hidden knowledge

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 CHARACTERISTICS OF BIGDATA – 3V’s

• Volume

– Quality of Data

• Velocity

– Speed of Data

• Variety

– Types of Data

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 VOLUME

• Face book ingests 500 TB of new data per day

• Boeing 737 generates 240 TB of flight data during a single

flight.

• Large amount of data in case of pandemic outbreak

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 VELOCITY

• Online gaming supports millions of concurrent users, each

producing multiple inputs/second

• Stock trading algorithms reflect market changes within

microseconds

• Click – likes streams and ad impressions capture user

behavior of millions of events/second

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 VARIETY

• Big Data supports simple types like

– Numbers
– Dates
– String

• It also supports complex types like

– Geospatial Data
– 3D Data
– Audio & Video Data
– Unstructured Text

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 COVID-19 and a pandemic outbreak.....
– Total people infected stands at 11 crore globally
– Total fatality stands at 25 lakh globally
– Lead to
• Burst of cases
• Larger amount of health data
• Different data storage technologies to store this
– Data here acts as a vital source
• of information and knowledge
• for research activities about the virus or pandemic
• to device measures to fight the virus and its after-
effects
• to tackle the pandemic
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 Big Data and COVID-19
– Benefits of using Big Data
• can be used to digitally store a large amount of data
of COVID patients(infected, recovered and expired)
• helps to analyze the patterns, associations and the
differences
• helps to analyze the effectiveness of the control
measures used in controlling the advances of the
pandemic
• checks the spreading of the virus
• assists in developing future preventive methods

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 Big Data and COVID-19 [contd..]
– Several data digitized include
• Patient location
• Proximity
• Patient-Reported Travel
• Co-Morbidity
• Patient Physiology
• Current Symptoms
– Big Data Analytics renders itself useful to
• Scientists
• Health Workers
• Epidemiologists

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13
 PROPOSED FRAMEWORK [2]

1. Telecommunication Operations
[2]
2. Internet

3. Electronic Medical Record

4. Hospital Information System Collection Layer

5. Government Information System

6. Epidemic Prevention System

7. Smart Device

8. Questionnaire

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 PROPOSED FRAMEWORK [3]

1. Location Data [2]

2. Travel Data

3. Medical Data

4. Health Status Data Data Layer

5. News Media Data

6. Government Data

7. Online Consumption of Data

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 PROPOSED FRAMEWORK [4]

1. Descriptive Analysis

2. Diagnostic Analysis
Analytics Layer
3. Predictive Analysis

4. Prescriptive Analysis

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 PROPOSED FRAMEWORK [5]

1. Personnel Tracking

2. Epidemic Surveillance

3. Early Warning Epidemic Monitoring

4. Tracing of virus sources And

Surveillance Layer
5. Drug Screening
[Application]
6. Medical Treatment

7. Resource Allocation

8. Production & Delivery

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 DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS

• Provides basic information about variables in a dataset.

• Highlights potential relationships between variables.

• “What has happened?”.

• Displayed either graphically or pictorially.

• Example:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7264658/table/jmv25906-t

bl-0001/?report=objectonly
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 DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS

• Explains reasons and factors behind occurrence of an event.

• Explores factors that affect the occurrence of an event.

• “Why did it happen?”

• Treatment options for a patient based on clustering or decision trees.

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 PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS

• Helps in predicting and understanding the future.

• “What could happen in the future?”.

• Analyzes past data patterns and trends by looking at historical data and

customer insights.

• Helps to identify future trends in patient care both at an individual level and

at a cohort level.

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 PRESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS

• Helps in recommending the best possible courses of action.

• “What should be done?”

• Enables health care decision–makers to optimize recommendation for the

best course of action for patients and health workers.

• “What if ? “ scenarios are used to access the impact of choosing one action

over the other.

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 REFERENCES

1. S. Sharma and V. Mangat, "Technology and Trends to Handle Big Data:

Survey," 2015 Fifth International Conference on Advanced Computing &
Communication Technologies,Haryana,2015,266-271.[DOI: 10.1109/
ACCT.2015.121]
2. Burghard C: Big Data and Analytics Key to Accountable Care Success.
2012, IDC Health Insights.[URL:https://www.waysquare.com/big-data-
and-analytics-key-to-accountable-care-success/]
3. Feldman B, Martin EM, Skotnes T: “Big Data in Healthcare Hype and
Hope.” October 2012.Dr.Bonnie 360.
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5.  Ginsberg J, Mohebbi M H, Patel R, et al. Detecting influenza epidemics
using search engine query data.Nature,2009, 457(7232):1012-1014

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 REFERENCES-contd.
6. Hui-Jun Qiu, Lian-Xiong Yuan, Qing-Wu Wu, Yu-Qi Zhou, Rui
Zheng, Xue-Kun Huang, Qin-Tai Yang, Using the internet search data
to investigate symptom characteristics of COVID-19: A big data
study, World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck
Surgery,2020.
7. Salman Y. Guraya,Transforming laparoendoscopic surgical protocols
during the COVID-19 pandemic; big data analytics, resource
allocation and operational considerations, International Journal of
Surgery 2020 August;80:21-25.
8. Ayyoubzadeh SM, Ayyoubzadeh SM, Zahedi H, Ahmadi M, R
Niakan Kalhori S. Predicting COVID-19 Incidence Through Analysis
of Google Trends Data in Iran: Data Mining and Deep Learning Pilot
Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill.2020;6(2):e18828.
9. Haleem A, Javaid M, Khan IH, Vaishya R. Significant Applications
of Big Data in COVID-19 Pandemic. Indian J Orthop.2020;54(4):1-
3. 
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 REFERENCES-contd.

10. Bragazzi NL, Dai H, Damiani G, Behzadifar M, Martini M, Wu J.

How Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Can Help Better Manage the
COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public
Health.2020;17(9):3176.

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Thank you

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