JUDAISM

SUB-TOPICS:

*Judaism & Persecution

*Types of Judaism

*Jewish Holidays

*Shabbat

Founder of Judaism: Abraham

Origin: 20th –18thCentury BCE; Mesopotamia
Members: 14 to 15 Million
Theology: Monotheistic
Movements: Jewish Religious Movements
Headquarters: Jerusalem (Zion)
Classifications: Abrahamic
“JUDAISM & CHRISTIANITY”
INTRODUCTION TO JUDAISM:

What is Judaism?

Is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion, dating back nearly 4,000 years. Followers of Judaism believe in one God who
revealed himself through ancient prophets. The history of Judaism is essential to understanding the Jewish faith, which has
a heritage of law, culture and tradition.

Judaism is characterized by a belief in one transcendent God who revealed himself to Abraham, Moses, and the Hebrew
prophets and by a religious life in According with scriptures and rabbinic traditions. Judaism is the complete Phenomenom
of a total way of life for the Jewish people, comprising theology, law, and innumerable cultural traditions.
Judaism is also the oldest of the three great monotheistic faiths, Is the religion and way of life of the Jewish people. The
basic laws and tenets of Judaism are derived from the Torah, the first Fire books of the bible.

The most important teaching and tenet of Judaism is that there is one God, Incorporeal and eternal, who wants all people to
do what is just and merciful. All people are created in the image of god and deserve to be treated with dignity and respect.
Unlike some religions, Judaism does not believe that other peoples must adopt its own religious beliefs and
practices in order to be redeemed. It is by deeds, that the world is to creed, that the world is judged, the righteous of
all nations have a share in the “world to come.”

For this reason, Judaism is not an active missionary religion. The community does accept converts but this is at the
decision of competent Jewish religious authorities. It is not a simply a matter of self – identification.
SHABBAT:

Shabbat is the Jewish Day of Rest. Shabbat happens each week from sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday . During
Shabbat, Jewish people remember the story of creation from the Torah where God created the world in 6 days and rested on
the 7th day. Different Jewish people celebrate Shabbat in different ways.
HERE ARE SOME JUDAISM BELIEFS:

*Jewish people believe there’s only god who has established a covenant or- special agreement –with them. Their God deeds
while also punishing evil.

*Most Jews (w/ the exception of a few groups) believe that their messiah hasn’t yet come but will one day.

*Jewish people worship in holy places known. As synagogues and their spiritual leaders are called rabbis. The six-pointed
star
of David is the symbol of Judaism.

*Traditionally, a person is considered Jewish if his or her mother is Jewish.

Jewish sacred text is called the Tanakh (Hebrews Bible)

JEWISH TEMPLES:

Around 1000 B.C. King David ruled the Jewish people. His son Solomon built the first holy temple in Jerusalem, which
became the Central piece of worship for Jews.

The Kingdom fell apart around 931 B.C. and the people split into two groups Israel (north)
& Juda (south).

Sometimes around 587 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the first template and sent many Jews into Jews.

A second temple was built in about 516 B.C. but was eventually destroyed by romans in 70 A.P
The Destruction of the second temple was significant because Jewish people no longer had a primary place to gather, so
they shifted their focus to worshipping in local synagogues.

*Around 200 A.D. scholars compiled the Mishnah – A text that describes the Jewish code of law that most preciously
orally communicated.
JUDAISM & PERSECUTION:

*Throughout history, Jewish people have been persecuted for their religious beliefs. Some well known events include:

1066 Granada Massacre:

December 30, 1066, a Muslim mob stormed the royal palace in Granada and killed more than 1,000 Jewish families. The
group also kidnapped and crucified Joseph ibn Naghrela, the Jewish vizier to the Berber king.

The first Crusade:

In the first of the Crusades- a series of medieval holy wars involving Christians and Muslims-thousand of Jews were
killed, and many were forced to convert to Christianity.
THE SPANISH EXPULSION:

In 1492, Spain’s rulers issued a royal edict that declared all Jews who refused to convert to Christianity would be expelled
from the country. Experts estimate about 200,000 people were ousted and tens of thousands died while trying to reach safety.

THE HELOCAUST:
In the Holocaust, the most infamous of modern-day atrocities, the Nazis, murdered more than 6 million Jews.
TYPES OF JUDAISM:

Orthodox Judaism:
Orthodox Jews are typically known for their strict observance of traditional Jewish law and rituals. For instance. Most
believe shabbat shouldn’t involve working, driving or handling money.

Orthodox Judaism is a diverse sect that includes several subgroups, including Hasidic Jews. This form started in the 18th
century in Eastern Europe and holds different values than traditional or ultra- Orthodox Judaism. Hasidic Jews
emphasize a mystical experience with God that involves direct communication through prayer and worship. Chabad is a
well-known Orthodox Jewish, Hasidic movement.

Conservative Judaism:
Many people consider this form of Judaism somewhere in between Orthodox and Reform Judaism. Typically
conservative Jews honor the traditions of Judaism while allowing for some modernization.
Reconstruction Judaism:
Reconstructionism dates back to 1922 when Mordecai Kaplan founded the society for the Advancement of Judaism.
This sect believes that Judaism is a religious civilization that’s constantly evolving.

Humanistic Judaism: h
Rabbi Sherwin Wine founded this denomination of Judaism in 1963. Humanistic Jews celebrate Jewish history and
culture without an emphasis on God.

While there are various denominations of Judaism, many Jews don’t identify with a particular classification and
simply refer to themselves as Jewish.
JEWISH HOLIDAYS:
Jewish people observe several important days and events in history, such as:

Passover:
kj
This holidays lasts seven or eight days and celebrate Jewish freedom from slavery in Egypt, Specifically, Passover refers
to the biblical story of when the Hebrew God “Passed over” houses of Jewish families and save their children during a
plague that was said to have killed all other first –born babies in Egypt.

Rosh Hashanah:
Jews celebrate the birth of the universe and humanity during this holiday, which is also known as the Jewish New Year.
Yom Kippur:
This “day of Atonement” is considered the holiest day of the year for Jews who typically spend it fasting and praying.

High Holy Days:

The 10 Days starting with Rosh Hashanah and ending with Yom Kippur are also known as the High Holidays, The high Holy
Days are considered a time of repentance for Jewish people.

Hanukkah:
This Jewish celebration, also known as the “Festival of lights” lasts eight days. Hanukkah commemorates the rededication of the
Jewish Temple in Jerusalem after the Maccabees defeated the Syrian-Greek over 2,000 years ago .

Purim:
This is a joyous holiday that celebrates a time when Jewish people in Persia were saved from extermination .
 HERE ARE SOME SOURCES OF JUDAISM

*Religion:
Judaism. BBC.

*Ancient Jewish Text:

My Jewish Learning

*What Is Judaism?
Chabad. org.

*Jewish Sacred Text

Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

*Jewish Population:
Judaism 101
*WEBSITES:

https://www.History.com

https://www.brittanica.com

http://www.mya.gov:II
 CHRITIANITY

SUB-TOPICS:
* The Principles of Believing in one God

*Love your neighbor as yourself

*Love your enemies

*Introduction of the Christianity

*What is Christianity?

*5 Major Christian Beliefs

Uniqueness of God
One God
Necessity of the cross
Resurrection
Inspiration of Scripture
INTRODUCTION OF CHRISTIANITY:

What is Christianity?

Christianity is an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teaching of Jesus of Nazareth. Members: 2.3 billion adherents or 31.2% of
the total world population of 7.3 billion.

The aim of this written report is to describe properly what is Christianity and what is the value of Christianity.

Christianity began as a Second Temple Judaic Sect in the 1st Century in the Roman province of Judea. And also it is the world's largest religion.

They believe there's only one God and he's the one who created the heavens and the earth. The story behind in Christianity is based on the birth, life,
death, resurrection and teaching of Jesus Christ.

The value of Christianity is all about thankfulness, compassion, peace, hope, love and respect.

In every aspect that we do in our life we should know the value of Christianity because it is connected to our life.

Christianity teach us to be great, to be kind and follow the Golden Rule because all of this is important in our life.
 5 MAJOR CHRISTIAN
BELIEFS

UNIQUENESS OF GOD:

Christianity believe in one god the father all mighty maker of heaven, earth ang universe. The belief in one God
originated in Jewish religion. Christians believe Jesus is the "Messiah" or savior of the world. They also believe that
she is the begotten son of almighty god.

ONE GOD:

Belief in God the Father, Jesus Christ as the Son of God, and the Holy Spirit. The death, descent into hell,
resurrection and ascension of Christ. The holiness of the Church and the communion of saints. Christ's second
coming, the Day of Judgement and salvation of the faithful.

The Necessity of the Cross:

In this formulation, we discover something of the nature of the cross and the God-centeredness of the atonement. At
the same time, such a vision of God’s holiness also shows why the cross of Christ is necessary. There is no way to
avoid it; once God chose to save a people for his own glory, the cross became the only way of salvation.
While not always appreciated, this truth stands or falls with a doctrine of God. Those who understand the holiness of God know
he cannot simply turn a blind eye to sin. His holy character is offended by sin and as the moral Judge and Sovereign Creator of
the universe, he cannot dismiss sin without denying his own justice. Truly, this has been the doctrine understood and asserted by
theologians, pastors, and laymen who keep an eye on the holiness of God.

Going back to Anselm of Canterbury, we find this understanding, that man owes God a debt for his sin. With Anselm the debt is
one of honor; with Calvin and later theologians the debt is judicial. Either way, the fact remains, in Adam all humanity has sinned,
fallen short of God’s glory, and stands condemned unless God himself intervenes. In his mercy and wisdom and power, God the
Son took on human nature in order to pay the penalty that fallen man could never pay. And he did it as the Son of God Incarnate,
because only God had the resources to pay the penalty.
RESURRECTION:

Resurrection or anastasis is the concept of coming back to life after death. In a number of religions, a dying-and rising God is a
deity which dies and resurrects. Reincarnation is a similar process hypothesized by other religions, which involves the same person
or deity coming back to live in a different body, rather than the same one.

The Dead and Resurrection of Jesus is a central focus of Christianity. Christian theological debate ensues with regard to what
kind of resurrection is factual – either a spiritual resurrection with a spirit body into Heaven, or a material resurrection with a
restored human body. While most Christians believe Jesus' resurrection from the dead and ascension to Heaven was in a material
body, some believe it was spiritual.

INSPIRATION OF SCRIPTURE:

The Catholic Church holds the Bible as inspired by God, but that it does not view God as the direct author of the Bible, in
the sense that he does not put a 'ready-made' book in the mind of the inspired person.
THE 10 COMMANDMENTS:

“I am the Lord thy God, thou shalt not have any gods before Me.”

This commandment forbids idolatry, the worship of false gods and goddesses, and it prohibits polytheism, the belief in many gods,
insisting instead on monotheism, the belief in one God. This commandment forbids making golden calves, building temples to Isis, and
worshipping statues of Caesar,

“Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.”
The faithful are required to honor the name of God. It makes sense that if you’re to love God with all your heart, soul, mind, and
strength, then you’re naturally to respect the name of God with equal passion and vigor.

“Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day.”

The Jewish celebration of Sabbath (Shabbat) begins at sundown on Friday evening and lasts until sundown on Saturday. Catholic,
Protestant, and Orthodox Christians go to church on Sunday, treating it as the Lord’s Day instead of Saturday to honor the day Christ
rose from the dead.

“Honor thy father and mother.”

This commandment obliges the faithful to show respect for their parents — as children and adults. Children must obey their parents,
and adults must respect and see to the care of their parents when they become old and infirm.

“Thou shalt not kill.”

The better translation from the Hebrew would be “Thou shalt not murder” — a subtle distinction but an important one to the Church.
Killing an innocent person is considered murder. Killing an unjust aggressor to preserve your own life is still killing, but it isn’t
considered murder or immoral.
“Thou shalt not commit adultery.”
The sixth and ninth commandments honor human sexuality. This commandment forbids the actual, physical act of having immoral sexual activity, specifically
adultery, which is sex with someone else’s spouse or a spouse cheating on their partner. This commandment also includes fornication, which is sex between
unmarried people, prostitution, pornography, homosexual.

“Thou shalt not steal.”

The seventh and tenth commandments focus on respecting and honoring the possessions of others. This commandment forbids the act of taking someone
else’s property. The Catholic Church believes that this commandment also denounces cheating people of their money or property, depriving workers of their
just wage, or not giving employers a full day’s work for a full day’s pay. Embezzlement, fraud, tax evasion, and vandalism are all considered extensions of
violations of the Seventh Commandment.

“Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.”

The Eighth Commandment condemns lying. Because God is regarded as the author of all truth, the Church believes that humans are obligated to honor the
truth. The most obvious way to fulfill this commandment is not to lie — intentionally deceive another by speaking a falsehood. So a good Catholic is who you
want to buy a used car from.

“Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s wife.”

The Ninth Commandment forbids the intentional desire and longing for immoral sexuality. To sin in the heart, Jesus says, is to lust after a woman or a man in
your heart with the desire and will to have immoral sex with them. Just as human life is a gift from God and needs to be respected, defended, and protected, so,
too, is human sexuality. Catholicism regards human sexuality as a divine gift, so it’s considered sacred in the proper context: marriage.

“Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s goods.”

The Tenth Commandment forbids the wanting or taking of someone else’s property. Along with the Seventh Commandment, this
commandment condemns theft and the feelings of envy, greed, and jealousy in reaction to what other people have.
“ALWAYS REMEMBER THIS IS NOT ONLY
ABOUT RELIGION. THIS IS ABOUT REAL LIFE
LESSONS THAT WE CAN SHARE TO OUR
FRIENDS, FAMILY, ETC.” -Margarette

GOD BLESS YOU!

 JUDAISM & CHRISTIANITY

GROUP LEADER:
Ma. Angela T. Gaganting

ASST. LEADER:
Jazmaine Mari L. Gonzales

MEMBER:
Ma. Margarette R. Gomez

SUBMITTED TO:
Ms. Angelica Bonsol