PRINCIPLES OF

SPEECHWRITING
A good speech requires days or even weeks of
preparation depending on the topic and the
availability of materials needed. While many are
expert enough to compose their speech a night
before they deliver it, seldom that it became very
successful for a beginner writer.
When planning for writing a speech,
YOU SHOULD CONSIDER THE
FOLLOWING:
 Choose a topic
• The topic should be timely
• The topic should be interesting to you (as a
speaker)
• The choice of topic may be up to the
Speaker but, more often than not.
 Analyze the audience
The Audience is one of the major factors that determine
the uniqueness of the Speech.

How do you analyze the audience if you do not know who

the audience will be?
 Analyze the audience
Knowing your audience
specifically their age, gender,
educational level, religion,
language, and, culture.
 Analyzing your audience will help you to discover
the information you can use to build connection
between you and your audience.

01 02 03 04
Who are the What does the audience Why should they
audiences?
How many?
know about the subject? be interested?
 Sourcing the
information
This involves seeking out all the available
means for finding materials to support the
speech.
 Sourcing the
information
• Good sources are newspapers, magazines, books, journals, or any reading
material full of useful information.
• Google.
• Information for any Speech topic must be relevant, must be timely.
• Information gathered must be at the level of knowledge of both the
Speaker and the Audience.
 Outline & Organize the
speech content
Outlines, or textual arrangements of all the various elements of
a speech, are a very common way of organizing a speech
before it is delivered.
Most extemporaneous speakers keep their outlines with them
during the speech as a way to ensure that they do not leave out
any important elements and to keep them on track.
Steps in Outlining and Organizing
Speech content
Sort the information into categories:
statistics, testimonies, and opinions, historical
facts, etc. or they may be classified according to
the point they are making, specifically, that part of
the topic to be discussed.
Steps in Outlining and Organizing
Speech content
Organize the speech itself.
For this, the best method is an OUTLINE.
Even a manuscript speech and a memorized speech
begin with an outline, which is then filled out with
supporting materials.
There are different types of outlines that one can
use depending on how the Speech is to be
organized
• Chronological Outline – a historical/time approach like from the
past to the present.
There are different types of outlines that one can
use depending on how the Speech is to be
organized
• Spatial/Geographical Outline – going from one place to another,
from one direction to another
There are different types of outlines that one can
use depending on how the Speech is to be
organized
FAMILY
BONDING

• Problem-Solution Outline –
explains a problem and SET LIMITS ON TEENAGER SATURDAY

suggests a possible solution.

TIME FOR SMARTPHONE AND SUNDAY
PHONE USE ADDICTION CLASS

ENGAGE IN
EXTRA
CURRICULAR
ACTIVITIES
There are different types of outlines that one can
use depending on how the Speech is to be
organized
• Topical Outline – divides the topic into subtopics based on importance or interest value or
simply because the topic requires it; for topics that do not fall under any of the previously
mentioned outlines.
TECHNIQUES
FOR WRITING
THE SPEECH
01 The Introduction
 The theme is introduced.
 Reason for writing the speech is stated.
 Must be able to catch the attention of your audience.
02 The Body of the Speech
 Main topics are presented.

 Supporting ideas are presented in a logical and Sequential manner.

 Other supporting details such as figures and other data may also be

included.
03 The Conclusion of the Speech
 It shows what the speech ends with.

 No new information is presented, refer back to the points from the

introduction and the body.

 Must included something that will make your audience remember

your speech.
REMEMBER!
For Extemporaneous (and even Impromptu)
speech, only the Introduction and the Conclusion
can be written out in full. The Body of the Speech
should remain in outline form.
REMEMBER!
As a reminder, Do not forget the Audience when
writing the Speech.
They may have their own ideas and opinions about
the topic that may not necessarily agree with those
of the Speaker.
 PRINCIPLES OF
SPEECH DELIVERY
A good Speaker has to have a clear voice and uses
words that are understandable. He/she also uses
the right facial expressions and aproppriate
gestures. Moreover, Speakers are liked when they
talk directly to the Audience, maintaining eye
contact with the Listeners
ARTICULATION
  refers to the clarity of sounds and words we
produce.
 they speak words clearly, and speakers
should strive to speak clearly.
 Poor articulation results when speakers do
not speak clearly.
MODULATION
  It is all about how to control your voice when
speaking.
 the fine-tuning of the pitch or tone of voice that
helps the audience clearly hear and understand the
lecture, presentation, and speech delivered by a
speaker.
STAGE PRESENCE
 The ability to “own the stage” of the Speaker
being able to fill the space and project his/her
personality to the Audience.
 The opposite of stage presence is stage fright,
which is considered by many as the topmost fear in
the world of public speaking.
 FACIAL EXPRESSIONS,
GESTURES, AND MOVEMENT
 The Message of any speech is reinforced, clarified, and
complemented by Nonverbal Communication such as facial
expressions, gestures, and movement.
 Without these nonverbal elements, the Speaker may be judged
as boring, with flat delivery and an unemotional voice.
 FACIAL EXPRESSIONS,
GESTURES, AND MOVEMENT
 Facial expressions should change with the content of the
Speech.
 Gestures should emphasize only certain points. Movement
should allow the Speaker carry the speech around, forward,
and to the audience, metaphorically speaking.
 AUDIENCE RAPPORT
• It was pointed out previously that the most important

tool for establishing a connection with the Listeners is an

Audience Analysis. Using these data, one is able to write

a Speech that would appeal to the Audience.

• Also because of the same data, one will know how to

deliver the Message to the Audience and connect at a

deeper level.
A Speech for Public Communication begins with a
Purpose: what the Speaker intends to happen when
he/she imparts a Message to the Listener. Given
the Purpose, the Speaker gets to know the
Audience, the group of Listeners that will either
accept or reject the Message.
Outlining the speech comes next, the
backbone of the Body of the speech.
Some types of speech are fully
written out based on the outline that
will be memorized.
However, for an extemporaneous speech, it is only
this outline that will be memorized. The outline is
the Body of an exemporaneous speech. Of course,
like any speech, it begins with an Introduction and
ends with a Conclusion.