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Feed Manufacturing-Grinding
Feed Manufacturing-Grinding
Feed Manufacturing-Grinding
Feed Manufacturing
Process Flow Diagram
Premixing Grinding
Mixing
Processing
Packaging
Bulk Loadout
Ware House
FEED MANUFACTURING
Screening
Particle Size
Computerize Batching
Mixing
Also modify the physical Conditioning
Pellet Quality
characteristics of ingredients Pelleting efficiency
Feed handling & transport.
GRINDING
MATERIALS
Majority of materials either
Within the feed plant or
Prior to receiving.
Corn
Sorghum
Wheat
Meals
Canola meal
Soybean meal
GRINDING
PARTICLE SIZE
In past, Terms used were
Fine
Medium These are relative terms
Coarse Little use in evaluating research
on the particle size
Thus
Standard procedure
1) Series of sieves are used
2) Grain Amount Retained on GMD
Each sieve analyzed (Geometric Mean Diameter)
3) Mathematical calculation / Measured in Microns “μ”
Formula is applied
Particlesize uniformity in
GSD
(Geometric Standard Deviation)
a particular sample GSD uniformity
GSD uniformity
PARTICLE SIZE
Particle size of ground material by hammer mill
Using different screens
CONCLUSIONS
In pelleted or crumbled diets
little effect on live performance,
uniformity of nutrient content of feed
Or the pellet quality produced
If grains are to be incorporated into mash,
Finer particle sizes (less than 600 µ GMD) should be
avoided.
Producers should adjust grinding size depending the form of diet to
be fed ( Mash / Pellet) using hammer mill and roller mill grinding.
GRINDING
METHODS FOR PARTICLE SIZE REDUCTION
HAMMER MILL OPERATION
ROLLER MILL OPERATION
Principle
General design
Components design & specification
Functional Advantages & Disadvantages
Hammer Mill
Most common grinding device
Versatile and efficient
Half circle, full circle, tear top, fixed hammer,
free to swing, fixed impact bars.
Hammer Mill
HAMMER MILL OPERATION
GENERAL DESIGN
1) A delivery device
(For material introduction)
Horizontal
2) Rotor Assembly shaft
With series of disks
Mounted on the
horizontal shaft
3) Free-swinging hammers
Suspended from rods
4) Perforated screen
5) Removal of ground product
Either gravity- or Air-assisted
HAMMER MILL OPERATION
Hammers
Inlet
Rotor Plates
Motor
Rod
Screen
Rotor Shaft
Air Assist
Rotor
Assembly
Outlet &
Take Away
Inlet
Grinding
Zone
Hammers
Motor
& Belt
Rod
Screen
Rotor Shaft
Outlet
Initial cost,
Evenness of feed,
Compatibility with product
Physical size of the feeder,
The estimated maintenance cost
Screw Feeder
SIZE:
Rotor speed = 1,800 rpm, 10 In. Long, 2.5 In. Across & 0.25 In Thick
Rotor speed = 3,600 rpm, 6 to 8 In Long, 2 In Across, & 0.25 In Thick
NUMBER:
For 1,800 rpm = 1 for every 2.5 to 3.5 Horsepower
For 3,600 rpm = 1 for every 1 to 2 Horsepower
DISTANCE:
The distance b/w hammer & screen = 0.5 In For cereal grains.
ALIGNMENT
Sizing dependent gap between the rolls along their length
Non Uniform gap Increased maintenance costs & reduced out put,
Overall increased operation costs.
Gap Adjusted automatically
Through pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders operated by programmable
controller
ROTATING MOTOR
Single motor is used to power a two roll pair
With either belt or chain reduction supplying the differential.
ROLLER MILL OPERATION
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Energy efficient Little or no effect on
Uniform particle-size fiber
distribution
Little noise when required,
Less dust generation maintenance can be
No Sig. Heat prod. expensive
Decreased fire risk
Excellent physical
may have high initial
cost (depends on
appearance
system design)
Easy installation
For coarse reduction of grain, a roller mill may have a
significant advantage over a hammermill in terms of
throughput/kwh of energy. For cereal grains processed to
typical sizes (600 to 900 microns) for the feed industry, the
advantage is about 30 to 50 percent. This translates into
reduced operating expense.