● History of Microprocessor

● Different types/models of
Microprocessor
● Storage of Devices

Diokno , Shaira P.
● History of Microprocessor
● Different types/models of
Microprocessor
● Storage of Devices

Diokno , Shaira P.
 Brief History of the Microprocessor
Fairchild semiconductors (founded in 1957) invented the first Integrated Circuit
in 1959 that marked the microprocessor history.

In 1968, Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, and Andrew Grove resigned from the
Fairchild semiconductors and started their own company: Integrated Electronics
(Intel).

In 1971, the first microprocessor Intel 4004 was invented. A microprocessor is

also known as a central processing unit in which numbers of peripherals’ are
fabricated on a single chip. It has ALU (arithmetic and logic unit), a control unit,
registers, bus systems, and a clock to perform computational tasks.
 microprocessor Intel 4004 was invented.

Intel Legends :
Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, and
Andrew Grove
● History of Microprocessor
● Different types/models of
Microprocessor
● Storage of Devices

Diokno , Shaira P.
 Manufacturers of Microprocessor

● Amulet Technologies ● STMicroelectronics ● Analog

Devices
4-bit to 64-bit Microprocessors
● 4-bit Microprocessor or computer
architecture will have a data path width
or a highest operand width of 4 bits or a
nibble. And also these architectures or
microprocessors typically will have a
matching register file with registers
width of 4 bits and 4-8-bit wide
addresses.

● 8-bit Microprocessor integers, memory

addresses, or other data units are those that
are 8 bits (1 octet or 1 Byte) wide. Also, 8-bit
CPU and ALU architectures are those that are
based on registers, address buses, or data
buses of that size. 8-bit is also a generation of
microcomputers in which 8-bit
microprocessors were the norm. Mainly we
can consider 8-bit microprocessor means 8-bit
data or information bus.
4-bit to 64-bit Microprocessors

● 16-bit Microprocessor integers,

memory addresses, or other data units
are those that are 16 bits (2 octets or 2
Bytes) wide. Also, 16-bit CPU and
ALU architectures are those that are
based on registers, address buses, or
data buses of that size. 16-bit
microcomputers are computers in
which 16-bit microprocessors were the
norm.
4-bit to 64-bit Microprocessors
● 32-bit Microprocessor memory addresses, or other data units are
those that are 32 bits (4 octets or 4 Bytes) wide. Also, 32-bit CPU
and ALU architectures are those that are based on registers,
address buses, or data buses of that size. 32-bit microcomputers
are computers in which 32-bit microprocessors are the norm. We
know that n-bit microprocessor can handle n-bit word size.

● A 64-bit Microprocessor refers to a microprocessor that can

process data and instructions in chunks of 64 bits.
Microprocessors that can handle 64 bits perform a larger number of
calculations per second compared to 32-bit processors. Typical
variations of the term include 64-bit CPU, 64-bit computing and 64-
bit microprocessor.
Multi-Core
 Multi-Core
● A multicore processor is an integrated circuit that has two or more processor

cores attached for enhanced performance and reduced power consumption.

These processors also enable more efficient simultaneous processing of

multiple tasks, such as with parallel processing and multithreading. A dual

core setup is similar to having multiple, separate processors installed on a

computer. However, because the two processors are plugged into the same

socket, the connection between them is faster.

● The use of multicore processors or microprocessors is one approach to boost

processor performance without exceeding the practical limitations of

semiconductor design and fabrication. Using multicores also ensure safe

operation in areas such as heat generation
 Transistor Count
● The Transistor Count is the number of transistors in an
electronic device.
● It typically refers to the number of MOSFETs (metal-oxide-
semiconductor field-effect transistors, or MOS transistors)
on an integrated circuit (IC) chip, as all modern ICs use
MOSFETs.
● It is the most common measure of IC complexity although
the majority of transistors in modern microprocessors are
contained in the cache memories, which consist mostly of
the same memory cell circuits replicated many times And the
rate at which MOS transistor counts have increased
generally follows Moore's law, which observed that the
transistor count doubles approximately every two years.
Transistor Count
● History of Microprocessor
● Different types/models of
Microprocessor
● Storage of Devices

Diokno , Shaira P.
 The Storage Devices
● FLOPPY DISK
FLOPP Alternatively referred to as a floppy or floppy
disk a floppy diskette is a storage medium
capable of holding electronic data, like a
computer file. The floppy diskette was created in
1967 by IBM as an alternative to buying hard
drives, which were extremely expensive at the
time.

● HARD DISK
hard disk, also called hard disk drive or hard
drive, magnetic storage medium for a computer.
Hard disks are flat circular plates made of
aluminum or glass and coated with a magnetic
material. Hard disks for personal computers can
store terabytes (trillions of bytes) of information.
 The Storage Devices
● ZIP DRIVE
Zip drive is a medium-capacity and portable magnetic
disk storage system launched by Iomega in the mid-
1990s. It was popular at the time of launch as cost per
storage unit was lower than that of hard disks, and it
could store a larger amount of data than a floppy
disk. The Zip drive was capable of fast data transfer
and was durable and reliable. The rise of other
devices that later came to market, such as USB drives,
were favored over the Zip drive and Zip disk, and
these became obsolete soon afterward.

● JAZ
drive is the successor of Zip drive. Jaz drive is a SCSI device, which is
an external drive. Iomega introduced Jaz drives in 1995. Jaz drives
have rigid platters. Jaz drives can backup data up to 2GB. It is similar
to Removable Rigid Disk (RRD) drive. Jaz drive has self-terminating
interface (SCSI-2). It houses the conventional hard disks. Jaz drives
connect internally to the computer through SCSI or IDE and externally
through parallel ports. An availability of an adapter called as Jaz
Traveler helps in connecting the Jaz drive to the parallel port.
 The Storage Devices

● CD
A compact disc is a portable storage
medium that can be used to record,
store and play back audio, video and
other data in digital form.

● DVD
stands for Digital Versatile Disc. It is commonly
known as Digital Video Disc. It is a digital optical
disc storage format used to store high capacity data
like high quality videos and movies. It is also used
to store operating system. It is invented and
developed by 4 companies named Philips, Sony,
Toshiba and Panasonic in 1995. DVDs provide higher
storage capacity than CDs( compact disc) and can be
played in multiple types of players like DVD players.
 Storage Devices

● BLU RAY
Blu-ray disk is an optical storage device similar to CD
and DVD technology. It also uses a laser to read and
write to the disk, but instead of a red laser beam, as
used in DVD and CD, it uses a blue-violet laser beam.
Blu-ray This means it can burn smaller pits on the disk
and so it has even more storage capacity than a DVD.A
single layer Blu-ray can store 25Gb whilst a double layer
Blu-ray can hold up to 50Gb of data. Blu-ray is
commonly used to store high definition films (HD).
Storage Devices
● FLASH DRIVE
Flash drive users vary widely, from casual computer
users to professionals performing highly technical work
with industrial applications. They provide a high-
capacity, portable storage solution that’s ideal for a
variety of uses. Despite the popularity of these storage
devices, many people are unaware of the exact flash
drive definition, even if they use this type of device on a
regular basis.

● SD MEMORY
An SD card, short for Secure Digital card, is a type of
removable memory card used to read and write large
quantities of data in a wide variety of mobile electronics,
cameras, smart devices, and more. It has become the
default standard of memory card for most consumer
electronics (though a smaller version, the Micro SD card, is
commonly used in phones and other devices where physical
space is more of a premium).
Storage Device
● SDD
solid-state drive (SSD) is a new generation of
storage device used in computers. SSDs use
flash-based memory, which is much faster
than a traditional mechanical hard disk.
Upgrading to an SSD is one of the best ways to
speed up your computer.

● NVMe
(nonvolatile memory express) is a new
storage access and transport protocol for
flash and next-generation solid-state
drives (SSDs) that delivers the highest
throughput and fastest response times
yet for all types of enterprise workloads.
 THANKS
!
Activity 2
Diokno , Shaira P.
BTVTEICT-CH-2C

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 REFERENCES
● https://handwiki.org/wiki/Engineering:Transis
tor_count
● https://www.elprocus.com/microprocessor-his
tory-and-brief-information-about-its-generatio
ns/
● https://www.bisinfotech.com/top-10-micropro
cessor-manufacturers-in-the-world/
● https://www.techtarget.com/searchdatacenter
/definition/multi-core-processor
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