LESSON 1 - Fundamentals of Information Systems

Fundamentals of
Information
Systems
BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
Bachelor of Science in Information Systems | Associate in Computer Technology
Do you believe that
“INFORMATION is
POWER” ??
BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems
Bachelor of Science in Information Systems | Associate in Computer Technology Prepared By: Ms. Lynzel N. Valenzuela
Data, Information, and Knowledge
• Data: Raw facts
• Information: Collection of facts organized in such a way that

they have additional value beyond the value of the facts
themselves
Data and information work the same way. Rules and
relationships can be set up to organize data into useful,
valuable information.

Data, Information, and Knowledge
•Process: Set of logically related tasks
performed to achieve a defined outcome
•Knowledge: Awareness and understanding
of a set of information

DATA, INFORMATION, AND KNOWLEDGE
Knowledge Workers (KWs) are people who create,
use, and disseminate knowledge and are usually
professionals in science, engineering, business, and
other areas.
Knowledge Management System (KMS) is an
organized collection of people, procedures,
software, databases, and devices used to create,
store, and use the organization’s knowledge and
experience.
The Characteristics of Valuable Information
• Accessible - Information should be easily accessible.
• Accurate - Accurate information is error free.
• Complete - Complete information contains all the
important facts.
• Economical - Information should also be relatively
economical to produce.
• Flexible - Flexible information can be used for a variety
of purposes.
• Adequacy: (Sufficiency) - Adequacy means information
must be sufficient in quantity.
• Relevant - Relevant information is important to the
decision maker.
• Reliable - Reliable information can be trusted by users.
• Secure - Information should be secure from access by
unauthorized users.
• Simple - Information should be simple, not overly complex.
Sophisticated and detailed information might not be needed.
• Timely - Timely information is delivered when it is needed.
• Verifiable - Information should be verifiable. This means
that you can check it to make sure it is correct.
• If information is not accurate or complete
• People can make poor decisions, costing
thousands, or even millions, of dollars.
• If information is not relevant, not delivered
to decision makers in a timely fashion, or
too complex to understand
• Information can be of little value to the
organization
The Value of Information
Valuable Information
• Can help people and their
organizations perform tasks more
efficiently and effectively
• Can help managers decide whether
to invest in additional information
systems and technology.
What Is an Information System?
• Is a set of interrelated elements or components
that collect (input), manipulate (process),
store, and disseminate (output) data and
information and provide a corrective reaction
(feedback mechanism) to meet an objective
• System is a group of interrelated component
working together toward a common goal by
accepting inputs and producing output in an
organized transformation process.
System Concept

Input, Processing, Output, Feedback
• Input – Gathering and capturing raw data
• Processing – Converting or transforming data into
useful outputs
• Output – Production of useful information, usually
in the form of documents and reports
• Feedback – Output that is used to make changes to
input or processing activities
• Forecasting - Predicting future events to avoid
problems.
Feedback Mechanism
• The component that helps
organizations achieve their goals.

Manual and Computerized IS
– Manual
• is that system where physical registers and account books are
used for keeping proper record of business transactions.
Example: Developing patterns and trends on graph
paper for stock analysis
– Computerized
• is that system where computers and various accounting software
are used for keeping proper record of business transactions.
Example: Using program trading to track the market and
trade large blocks of stocks when discrepancies
occur
Computer-Based Information
Systems
•A single set of hardware, software,
databases, telecommunications,
people, and procedures that are
configured to collect, manipulate,
store, and process data into
information.
The Technology Infrastructure is a set of shared IS
resources that form the foundation of each computer-
based information system.

Computer-Based Information Systems
• CBIS components
– Hardware: Computer equipment used to perform
input, processing, and output activities
– Software: Computer programs that govern the
operation of the computer
– Database: Organized collection of facts and
information
– Telecommunications: Electronic transmission of
signals for communications
• CBIS components
– Networks: Connect computers and
equipment in a building, around the country,
and around the world
– Internet: World’s largest computer network
– People: Manage, run, program, and
maintain the system
– Procedures: Strategies, policies, methods,
and rules for using a CBIS
Feedback & Control
•Feedback: Feedback is data about
the performance of a system. This step
is helpful for future planning.
•Control: Control involves monitoring
and evaluating feedback to determine
whether a system is moving toward
the achievement of its goal.
COMPONENT OF AN INFORMATION
SYSTEM
• Resources: People, hardware, software,
data and networks are five basic resources
consist of Information System.
•Activities: Input, Processing, Output,
Storage & Controls. All information
system uses these components to transform
raw material into information product.
INFORMATION SYSTEM RESOURCE
• People Resource: People are required for the
operation of all Information System.
• Specialists: Are people who develop and
operate Information System.
• End Users: Also called users or client.
• Hardware Resources: The hardware
component consists of all the physical devices
used with in the Information System.
INFORMATION SYSTEM RESOURCE:
• Media: Media (tangible object on which data
recorded)
• Software Resources: The computer programmed
used for processing information and control
hardware.
• Data Resources: Data is raw material of
Information System.
• Network Resources: Networks used for data
communication and internet to exchange
information
INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTIVITIES
• Input of Data Resource: Data about business
transactions and other events must be captured
and prepared for processing by the input or data
entry activity such as recording and editing.
• Processing of Data in to Information: Data
are usually process through calculating:
computing, sorting, organise, analyzed
manipulate data, thus converting data into
information for end user.
INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTIVITIES:
• Storage of Data Resources: Storage is a basic
system component of an Information System in
which data and information are retained in an
organize manner for latter use.
• Output of Information Product: Information in
various forms in transmitted to end users and make
available to them in the output activity.
• Control of System Performance: It involves
measuring performance and taking corrective
decision if required.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING
Be ready for the quiz 
See you on our next virtual class 


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Fundamentals of

• Information: Collection of facts organized in such a way that

BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

BULACAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

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