PROPERTIES

OF REAL
NUMBERS
MELC: Illustrates the different properties of operations on the set of integers.
(M7NS-Id-2)
OBJECTIV
E
Illustrate the different properties
of operations on the set of real
numbers.
 EXPLORATION
Each of the given instructions is about two things. In column II, the
order has been changed. Are the results in the two columns the
same?
COLUMN I COLUMN II
1. Put on your socks and then put on 1. Put on your shoes and then put on
your shoes. your socks.
2. Kill the snake and then pick it up. 2. Pick up the snake and then kill it.
3. Walk five steps west and then two 3. Walk two steps south and them five
steps south. steps west.
4. Add 15 and 33. 4. Add 33 and 15.
5. Divide 10 by 5. 5. Divide 5 by 10.
 EXPLORATION
Do the following calculations in the quickest way you
could find.
1.) 48 + 7 + 3 = 58
2.) 75 + 25 + 39 = 139
3.) 149 + 43 + 1 = 193
4.) 20 – 15 + 15 – 20 = 0
5.) 7 x 9 x 0 = 0
Let’s get
started…
 EXTENSION

PROPERTIES OF REAL
NUMBERS
 EXTENSION
● CLOSURE PROPERTY OF ADDITION ●
The sum of two real numbers is a real number.
a + b is a real number
Example:
2 is a real number and 3.5 is also a real number.
Thus, 2 + 3.5 = 5.5 is a real number.
 EXTENSION
● CLOSURE PROPERTY OF MULTIPLICATION ●
The product of two real numbers is a real number.
ab is a real number

Example:
12 is a real number and is also a real number.
Thus, 12 x = 4 is a real number.
 EXTENSION
● COMMUTATIVE PROPERTY OF ADDITION ●
Changing the order of two numbers being added
does not change the sum.
a+b=b+a
Example:
a.) 12 + 7 = 7 + 12 b.) 23 + 12 = 12 + 23
 EXTENSION
● COMMUTATIVE PROPERTY OF MULTIPLICATION ●
Changing the order of two numbers being
multiplied does not change the product.
ab = ba
Example:
a.) 12 x 7 = 7 x 12 b.) 23 x 12 = 12 x 23
 EXTENSION
● ASSOCIATIVE PROPERTY OF ADDITION ●
Changing the grouping of the numbers being
added does not change the sum.
a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c
Example:
(12 + 7) + 5 = 12 + (7 + 5)
 EXTENSION
● ASSOCIATIVE PROPERTY OF MULTIPLICATION ●
Changing the grouping of the numbers being
multiplied does not change the product.
a x (b x c) = (a x b) x c
Example:
(12 x 7) x 5 = 12 x (7 x 5)
 EXTENSION
● DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF MULTIPLICATION
OVER ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION ●
When two numbers have been added or subtracted and then
multiplied by a factor, the result will be the same when each
number is multiplied by the factor and the products are then
added or subtracted.
a(b + c) = ab + ac a(b – c) = ab – ac
Example:
a. 2(3 + 4) = 2(3) + 2(4) b. 5(7 – 3) = 5(7) – 5(3)
 EXTENSION
● IDENTITY PROPERTY OF ADDITION ●
The sum of any number and 0 is the given number.
0 is the identity element of addition.
a+0=a
Example:
12 + 0 = 12
 EXTENSION
● IDENTITY PROPERTY OF MULTIPLICATION ●
The product of any number and 1 is the given
number. 1 is the identity element of multiplication.
ax1=a
Example:
12 x 1 = 12
 EXTENSION
● INVERSE PROPERTY OF ADDITION ●
The sum of any number and its additive inverse is
zero. The additive inverse of any number a is –a.
a + (-a) = 0
Example:
a.) 12 + (-12) = 0 b.) (-5) + 5 = 0
 EXTENSION
● INVERSE PROPERTY OF MULTIPLICATION ●
The product of any number and its multiplicative
inverse is 1. The multiplicative inverse of any
number a is .
ax =1
Example:
a.) 12 x = 1 b.) -6 x = 1
 EXTENSION
● ZERO PROPERTY●

Any number multiplied by 0 is equal to 0.

ax0=0

Example:
a.) 12 x 0 = 0 b.) -6 x 0 = 0
Which of the following is commutative?
a. Wash the shorts and then iron it.
not commutative
b. Fetch water and chop the wood.
commutative
c. Find x if 7 is a factor of 42. Find x if
42 is a factor of 7. not commutative
Complete each statement to illustrate the
indicated property.
5
a.) 4 + (5 + 6) = 4 + (6 + _) Commutative
b.) 8 x (4 + 3) = 8 x (_3 + 4) Commutative
c.) (4 + 8) + 10 = 4 10 ) Associative
_ + (8 +__
d.) 4(7 + 5) = 4(7) + 4(_)
5 Distributive
SUMMING
UP!
LET’S TRY…
 FLEX IT!

If a = 7, b = 4, and c = 5, show that:

1.) a + b = b + a 3.) (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
2.) ab = ba 4.) a(b + c) = ab + ac
 FLEX IT!
SOLUTION:
If a = 7, b = 4, then: If a = 7, b = 4, then:
1.) a + b = b + a 2.) ab = ba
7+4=4+7 7(4) = 4(7)
11 = 11 28 = 28
 FLEX IT!
SOLUTION:
If a = 7, b = 4, c = 5 then:
3.) (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
(7 + 4) + 5 = 7 + (4 + 5)
11 + 5 = 7 + 9
16 = 16
 FLEX IT!
SOLUTION:
If a = 7, b = 4, c = 5 then:
4.) a(b + c) = ab + ac
7(4 + 5) = 7(4) + 7(5)
7(9) = 28 + 35
63 = 63
HOMEWORK
A. Identify the axiom or real number property that justifies each
statement.
1.) 53 + x = x + 53 ________________
2.) 5(x – 3) = 5x + 15 ________________
3.) 3(xy) = (3x)y ________________
4.) 8 + (-8) = 0 ________________
5.) • 8 = 8 • ________________
6.) 2001(1) = 2001 ________________
7.) 14 • = 1 ________________