Lesson 5:

The Nature of Knowledge

KNOWLEDGE
- information,
understanding, or skill
that you get from
experience or education.

(Merriam Dictionary)
 3 STAGES FOR KNOWLEDGE TO BE
POSSIBLE
1. Perception- Happens when we perceive things
using our five senses.
2. Abstraction- Distinguished us from animals.
“With Intervention” and we created meaning on
the concept.
3. Judgement- complete the act of the mind. Two
or more concepts are being connected.
SENTENCES
AND
STATEMENTS
SENTENCES- the concepts that we put together
are expressed using sentences.
5 types of Sentences
a. Declarative (meant to express a statement).
b. Interrogative (meant to ask questions).
c. Imperative (meant to issue a command).
d. Expletive (meant to issue a wish).
e. Exclamatory (meant to express surprise).
Sentences have no truth value.
Ex. What time is it?
- There is no point in
asking whether or not it
is true or false.
 TYPES OF STATEMENTS
- Philosophers considered it a necessary
tool of analysis to clarify two meaningful
types of statements based on two
sources that could be accepted and
verified.
 A. Analytic Statement
- The truth or falsity of the knowledge claim
being made by an analytic statement
could be found within the statement itself.
 Tautology
- The saying of the same thing twice over
in different words.
 Examples of Analytic Statement

Ex. A kitten is a young cat.

Ex. The kitten is on the mat.
 B. Empirical Statements
- Their truth or falsity depends on the
state of affairs being claimed.
 TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE
1. FORMAL KNOWLEDGE
- Gives emphasis on the
validity or coherence within
the system being
employed.

Ex. Apples
 TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

2. EMPIRICAL KNOWLEDGE
- Gives emphasis on the
criterion of verification.

Ex. Swan
 TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

2. EMPIRICAL KNOWLEDGE
- use the faculty of
experience and sense of
perception in order to
stablish their knowledge
claims.
ASSESSMENT:
Determine whether the
statement is analytic,
empirical or evaluation.
Write your answer in the
space provided.
 ________
1. The
puppy is on
the bed.
 _______
2. A puppy
is a young
dog.
 _________
3. A Sheep is a
wool-bearing
young doing.
 ______
4. Stealing
is wrong.
 ________
5. Water is
composed of 2
atoms of
hydrogen and one
atom of oxygen.