NOUNS, VERBS,ADVERB,

ADJECTIVES, PRONOUNS
RAZIEL CASTRO 3RO BGU

NOUNS
A word used to identify any of a
class of people, places, or things.
•Common nouns
•Are the words that refer to most things in a general way.
•Proper nouns
•They are the name that identifies someone or something, a person or a place.
•Concrete nouns 
•They represent something real and tangible: pig, person, stone, smell, air, soup,
Larry are all concrete nouns.
•Abstract nouns
•It represents something that is more like a concept or an idea. They can also be
derived from an adjective, a verb, a noun or even not be derived and therefore
have no suffix.
•Countable nouns
•Is something that can be numbered or counted: airplane, sock, bowl, noodle,
teacher, three socks, as in two airplanes, etc.
•Uncountable nouns
•They can have a quantity or quantity but they can't really be counted: water,
music, clothes, understanding.
•Collective nouns
•Refer refers to those words in the singular that express the grouping of many
elements such as a group of people, animals, objects, things, etc.

VERBS
Verbs are words that show an
action , occurrence , or state of
being . Almost every sentence
requires a verb. The basic form of a
verb is known as its infinitive. The
forms call, love, break, and go are
all infinitives.
• Action verbs
• These can refer to physical actions that are performed with bodies or objects
• Stative verbs
• Unlike action verbs, stative verbs refer to conditions or states of being.
• Transitive verbs
• A transitive verb is a verb that is accompanied by a direct object in a sentence.
• Intransitive verbs
•  verb is an intransitive verb if it is not used with a direct object.
• Linking verbs
• Linking verbs are a special type of stative verb whose name gives a big clue as to what they do.
• Auxiliary verbs
• Helping verbs, also called auxiliary verbs, are helpful verbs that work with other verbs to change
the meaning of a sentence.
• Modal verbs
• Modal verbs are a subgroup of helping verbs that are used to give a sentence a specific mood.
• Regular verbs
• A verb is considered a regular verb if its past tense form and past participle ends in -ed, -d, or
the verb is a -t variant verb.
• Irregular verbs
• An irregular verb is a verb whose past tense and past participle form doesn’t end in -ed, -d, and
doesn’t use the –t variant.
• Phrasal verbs
• Phrasal verbs are combinations of a verb with prepositions and/or adverbs that have a different
meaning from the individual words used to form them.
• Infinitives
• An infinitive of a verb is identical to the base form of the verb.

ADVERB
A word or phrase that modifies
or qualifies an adjective, verb, or
other adverb or a word group,
expressing a relation of place,
time, circumstance, manner,
cause, degree, etc.
• Adverbs of Manner
• These adverbs are those that describe the manner in which an action is done.
Basically, it can be said that the adverbs of manner answer the question ‘how’.
• Adverbs of Time
• As the name suggests, the adverbs of time are used to tell the reader when
some action is occurring.
• Adverbs of Place
• These adverbs are used to indicate where the action mentioned in the
sentence is taking place. Adverbs of place can be identified by asking the
question ‘where’.
• Adverbs of Frequency
• These adverbs are used to denote how often an action or event is happening.
The adverbs of frequency can be recognised by asking the question ‘how
often’.
• Adverbs of Degree
•  These adverbs are used to indicate how intense an action of quality is. It is
used to describe adjectives and adverbs.
• Conjunctive Adverbs
• Conjunctive adverbs perform a little differently from the other types of
adverbs. These adverbs are seen to act like a conjunction to link two
sentences or clauses together and hence the name, ‘conjunctive adverbs’.

ADJECTIVE
A word or phrase naming an
attribute, added to or
grammatically related to a noun
to modify or describe it.
Descriptive Adjective
Adjectives of Quality or Descriptive Adjectives show the kind of quality of a
person or thing. Ex. Beautiful, large, small etc.
Numeral Adjective
Adjectives of number or Numeral Adjectives show how many persons or
things are meant. This adjective represents numeral value.
Quantitative Adjective
Adjectives of quantity show how much quantity of a thing is meant. Ex.
Some, little, whole, one fourth etc.
Demonstrative Adjective
Demonstrative Adjectives point out which person or thing is meant, ex. This,
that, those, such etc.
Interrogative Adjective
What, which, and whose, when they are used with nouns to ask questions,
are called Interrogative Adjectives.
Possessive Adjective
We use Possessive adjectives to express who owns or possesses
something. This is used in front of a noun. Ex. Own, my, our etc.
Proper Adjective
Adjectives formed from proper nouns are called Proper Adjectives. Ex.
British, Chinese etc.
Exclamatory Adjective
The word what is sometimes used as an Exclamatory Adjective.

PRONOUNS
A word that can function by itself
as a noun phrase and that refers
either to the participants in the
discourse or to someone or
something mentioned elsewhere
in the discourse.
• Possessive pronouns
• A possessive pronoun is a pronoun that expresses possession, ownership, origin,
relationship, etc.
• Personal pronouns
• Personal pronouns are pronouns that we use to refer to people and, sometimes, animals.
The pronouns it, they, and them can also apply to objects.
• Relative pronouns
• Relative pronouns connect dependent clauses to independent clauses.
• Reflexive pronouns
• A reflexive pronoun is a pronoun used as an object of a verb that refers to the same
person or thing as the subject of the verb.
• Indefinite pronouns
• An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that doesn’t specifically identify who or what it is
referring to.
• Demonstrative pronouns
• Demonstrative pronouns are used to point to specific things.
• Interrogative pronouns
• Interrogative pronouns are pronouns used to ask questions about unknown people or
things.
• Intensive pronouns
• Intensive pronouns refer back to the subject in order to add emphasis. Intensive
pronouns are identical in appearance to reflexive pronouns.
• Reciprocal pronouns
• Reciprocal pronouns express mutual relationships or actions.