ASEAN Countries (Brunei,

Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos)

Modern Penology Approach:
Correction/Prison System and
Rehabilitation Programs
BRUNEI
 Brunei Darussalam Prisons
Department

The Brunei Darussalam

Prisons Department is
government agency under the
Ministry of Internal Affairs which
administers three prison
institution; Jerudong Prison
Institution, Women`s Prison
Institution; and Maraburong
Prison.
TREATMENT OF
PRISONERS
 Prisoner Classification

• Prisoners are examined

by Medical Officer to
Check the state of their
health.
• The reception board is the
one responsible for the
prisoner classification and
they shall consider the
prisoner`s age, behavior
as well as their
background in classifying.
 Types of Prisoners in Brunei

• Young Prisoners
• Star Class Prisoners
• Ordinary Class
• Unconvinced Class
Types of Prisoners (for rehabilitation
purposes)

• R Class (low)
• S Class (moderate)
• T Class (high)
CLASSIFICATION
OF PRISONERS
 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
Imprisonment/ Earning Promotion
STAGE Employment
Pre-requisite Scheme Condition
First Stage
(Red Bar on Short sentence
the left sleeve prisoner Be employed
6 dollar each
of their (Imprisonment in hard or light N/A
Month
jumper and for period less labor
left leg of their than 6 months)
shorts)
 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
Imprisonment/ Earning Promotion
STAGE Employment
Pre-requisite Scheme Condition
-Must stay in this
stage for a
Second minimum period
Stage of 3 months.
Long Term
( Two Red Not eligible to
prisoner Be employed
Bar on the left participate in -No disciplinary
(Imprisonment in hard or light
sleeve of their the Earnings charge for a
for period less labor period of at least
jumper and Scheme
than 6 months) 1 month
left leg of their
shorts) -good conduct
and industry
 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
Imprisonment/ Earning Promotion
STAGE Employment
Pre-requisite Scheme Condition
- Must stay in this
- Be stage for a
Third Stage employed in minimum period
(3 Red Bar on hard or light of 15 months.
Eligible to
the left sleeve Being promoted labor
participate in - No disciplinary
of their from second - Be
Earnings charge for a
jumper and stage employed in period of at
Scheme
left leg of their constructive least 3 months.
shorts) work (as
- Good conduct
may directed and industry.
 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
Imprisonment/ Earning Promotion
STAGE Employment
Pre-requisite Scheme Condition
- Must stay in this
stage for a
- Be minimum period
Fourth Stage employed in of 18 months.
(4 Red Bar on hard or light
Eligible for - No disciplinary
the left sleeve labor
Being promoted promotion in charge for a
of their - Be
from third stage Earnings period of at
jumper and employed in least 6 months.
Scheme
left leg of their a trade (as
shorts) may - Good conduct
and
directed) industriousness
.
 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
Imprisonment/ Earning Promotion
STAGE Employment
Pre-requisite Scheme Condition
- Eligible for
promotion in
Earnings
Special Stage - Be Scheme (shows
or Honor Being promoted employed in good conduct
and maintains
Prisoner from fourth trade or any high standard of
(wear special stage labor (as be working skills.
blue uniform) directed)
- Eligible to
receive 7 days
early release.
 EARNING SCHEMES

GRADE DESCRIPTION

Being highly skilled at trade and showing

Grade A
excellent conduct. (Highest Grade)
Being skilled at a trade but not reached a
Grade B degree of proficiency to be Grade A.
(Intermediate Grade)
All other prisoners who are eligible to the
Grade C
Earning Scheme (Normal Grade)
 PRISONER`S HEALTH

• Medical officers shall see every

prisoner weekly and visit those in
close confinement daily.
• Chief officers shall report immediately
if there is any ill prisoners.
 Contact Privileges of Prisoners
STAGE CONDITION LETTER VISIT

No Condition Write and receive Receive one 15

First Stage required under the one letter every 4 minute visit every
law. weeks 8 weeks

Show good conduct Write and receive Receive one 20

Second Stage and be diligent in one letter every 4 minute visit every
work weeks 8 weeks

Show good conduct Write and receive Receive one 20

Third Stage and be diligent in one letter every 3 minute visit every
work weeks 6 weeks
 Contact Privileges of Prisoners
STAGE CONDITION LETTER VISIT

Show good conduct Write and receive Receive one 30

Fourth Stage and be diligent in one letter every 2 minute visit every
work weeks 4 weeks

Show good conduct Write and receive Receive one 30

Special Stage and be diligent in one letter every minute visit every
work weeks 2 weeks
TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC
PRISONERS
FEMALE PRISONER
MOTHERS/PREGNANT IN
PRISON
DRUG ADDICTS
 BEST PRACTICE

• Classification and Orientation (Phase

1).
• Education and Intervention (Phase 2)
• Pre-Release (Phase 3)
AFTERCARE FRAMEWORK
CAMBODIA
Director General of Prisons
 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS

• Convicted Prisoners.
• Remanded Prisoners.
 PROGRAMS/VOCATIONAL
TRAININGS

Vocational Programs are focused

on sewing, technical courses,
carpentry courses, agricultural
courses, cultivation courses and
art courses
 PRISONER`S HEALTH

• Medical staff take care of prisoners

but merely provides basic treatment
for disease.
• In cases of emergency, prisoner will
sent outside in order to get the
appropriate treatment.
 Prisoner Visit
Level CONDITION

Normal Level Contact their visit via phone in a room

Separated by an iron bar. (Payment

Second Level
between 10,000 Reil to 40,000 Reil)

Contact Visit No separation. (Requires payment)

 BEST PRACTICE

• Rehabilitation focused on vocational

trainings that they may used to earn
money after they release.
• Coordinates with stakeholders to
provide extra programs for prison.
INDONESIA
Directorate General of
Corrections
 PHASES OF INDONESIAN
CORRECTIONAL PROCESS
PHASE DESCRIPTION

May Take approximately 1 month. (Admission, Orientation and

First Phase Observation). Controlled by Maximum-Level Security.

Prisoner given some work experience. May take from 1/3 to half of
Second Phase the sentence period. Controlled by Medium-Security Level.

Introduced into assimilation process (a process to adapt a prisoner

Third Phase back into society). May take from 2/3 or half of sentence period.
Controlled by Medium-Security Level.

Integration Phase. Prisoner is no longer has to stay at the

Fourth/Final Phase correctional institution however placed under specific conditions.
 Classes of Prison
Prison DESCRIPTION

Class I Prison More than 500 inmates. Maximum security areas.

Class II Prison Capacity of 250-500 inmates.

Class III Prison Capacity of up to 250 inmates.

 Medical/Health Care Programs

The Department of Corrections announces

that 2013 is the year of a good healthcare
services for prisoners. This service cover the
following activities:

a. Standardization of medical treatment

b. Facilities and infrastructure for the
treatment of prisoners;
c. Healthcare Services;
d. Sanitary and environmental health
 PROGRAMS/VOCATIONAL
TRAININGS
• Vocational program for male includes rattan
furniture manufacturing, wood and straw
handicrafts, shoe making and electronic
repairs.
• Vocational program for female specifically
designed for women.
 BEST PRACTICE

• Performance Report/ Performance

Evaluation.
LAOS
Department of Prisons
 Classes of Prison

No classification process is
performed.
 PROGRAMS/VOCATIONAL
TRAININGS

Vocational Programs are focused

on handicraft training.
 PRISONER`S HEALTH

• Medical staff take care of prisoners but

merely provides basic treatment for
disease.
• In cases of emergency, prisoner will sent
outside in order to get the appropriate
treatment. However, prisoners need to pay
all expenditure of medical treatment
 PRISONER VISIT

• Prisoners are allowed to be visited by their

family once a month. However, political
prisoners are only allowed to be visited by
their family members only.
 Drug Rehabilitation Phases
PHASE DESCRIPTION

Drug Detoxification
Consolation and psychological support Treatment.
Phase
May take 3 to 12 months (depending on the severity of addiction).
Rehabilitation Phase Treatment will provide vocational training activities and group
counseling

Follow Up Phase The offender will be released back to the community.

 BEST PRACTICE
MEDIATION
First Step Preparation

Second Step Mediation Meeting

Third Step Sharing the opinion of the party

Forth Step Sharing the participants of meeting
Fifth Step Study the information of committee
Sixth Step Presenting the opinion between dispute parties
Seventh Step Summary of the Mediation
COMPARISON OF PRISONS
 COMPARISON OF PRISONS
Classification of Prisoners
Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos
4 Types of
Prisoners:
1. Class I
1. Young
Prisoners
Prisoners Convicted and
2. Class II No classification of
2. Star Class Remanded
Prisoners prisoners
Prisoners Prisoners
3. Class III
3. Ordinary Class
Prisoners
4. Unconvicted
Class
 COMPARISON OF PRISONS
Medical Treatment
Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos
Good healthcare
service:
Each prison has
medical staff who 1. Standardization of Seriously-ill
Both Medical and take care all of medical treatment; prisoners will be
2. Facilities and
Dental works are prisoners within infrastructure; sent outside for
inside the Prison. the prison and 3. Healthcare medical treatment
there are also services; at their expense.
medical units. 4. Sanitary and
environmental
health
 COMPARISON OF PRISONS
Prisoner Visit
Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos
Normal Visit/ Legal Visits/ Letter and
Visit/ Police Visit/ Telephone Calls Political Prisoners
Consular Visit/ Family Visit/ Legal are only allowed to
Special Visit/ Payment for Visit/ Letter be visited by their
Letter and special visit families.
Telephone Calls privileges
 COMPARISON OF PRISONS
Treatment of Female Prisoners
Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos
Female prisoners are
Matrons are assigned The model prison for Provide specific needs
separated from male
to supervise female women, Tangerang items during
prisoners. They are
prisoners in women Build in 1980 outside incarceration such as
sent to Correctional
prisons. Jakarta. sanitary napkins.
Center 2.
 COMPARISON OF PRISONS
Treatment of Pregnant Prisoners
Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos
Mothers are allowed to Pregnant Prisoners are Pregnant Prisoners are
raise their babies in provided treatment allowed to remain
designated cells for a whilst living in prisons, outside the prison to
period of no more than and separated from give birth and take care
2 years. other female prisoners. of their infants.
 COMPARISON OF PRISONS
Treatment of Sick Prisoners
Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos
A survey study which
looked at HIB and
syphilis from a
biological and
Medical officers shall
behavioral perspective
see every prisoner Ministry of Health. (In
was piloted on random Separated from other
weekly and visit those cases of HIV Positive,
samples from 900 male prisoners.
in close confinement STI, and TB)
and 402 female
daily.
prisoners in 2010 from
18 general prisons and
detention centers in
Indonesia.
END OF PRESENTATION