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System Unit
System Unit
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http://www.howstuffworks.com/microprocessor.htm
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Control Unit
ALU
Instructions
Data
Information
INPUT OUTPUT
Data MEMORY information
DEVICES DEVICES
Instructions
Data
Information
Storage
Devices
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Registers
The CPU contain special storage areas called registers.
Their function is to hold instructions, data values, memory
addresses of both the instructions and data.
There are 4 basic types of it:
1. Instruction register hold instruction
2. Address register hold address of( data , next instruction ).
3. Storage register store data retrieved from main memory
prior to processing.
4. Accumulator store the results of arithmetic & logic
operations
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
1 : on
Memory
Memory consist of electronic components
that store instructions waiting to be executed
by the processor, data needed by those
instructions, and the results of processed data
( information).
Memory
Stores 3 basic categories of items:
1. The operations
2. Application programs
3. The data being processed by the application
programs and resulting information.
Memory
Memory sizes
It’s the number of bytes the chip or devices has
available for storage.
Approximate no. of Exact no. of
Term Abb. byte byte
Type of Memory
The system unit contains tow types of memory:
1. Volatile memory -
Loses its contents .
Temporary memory.
Example, RAM.
2. Nonvolatile memory-
doesn't lose its content when power is removed
form the computer.
Permanent memory.
Example, ROM, Flash memory, and CMOS.
RAM (Main Memory)
Types of ROM:
PROM (programmable read-only memory): A PROM is a
memory chip on which you can store a program. But once the
PROM has been used, you cannot wipe it clean and use it to
store something else. Like ROMs, PROMs are non-volatile.
Special-Purpose Ports
SCSI Port
A special high-speed parallel port.
Allow you to attach SCSI peripherals such as
disk driver and printers.
Ports and Connectors
Ports and Connectors
BUSES
a set of electronic signal pathways that allows
information and signals to travel between
components inside or outside of a computer.
Power Supply
Is a component of the system unit that supply computer
with power.