LECTURE 01

INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT
MANAGEMENT

By
Dr. Ali Sajid
 COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Effectively select, plan, implement, control, monitor, assess &
terminate Engineering, social sector & infrastructure projects.
 Manage schedule & budget of projects with a view to achieve
pre-assigned goals of organization.
 Understand about project manager, project organization &
application of various tools of Project Management.
 Manage change in scope & requirements of projects.
 Understand internal, external & Physical environment of an
organization, project managers, vendors, & users of projects’ end
products (deliverables) in the context of project management.
 Learn Project Proposal development & Cost Benefit Analysis for
a Project.
 Learn economic, financial, technical & managerial feasibility of
Projects.
 BROAD COURSE CONTENTS
 Introduction to Management & Management Functions & The
Project.
 Project Phases & Project Life Cycle.
 Organizational Structure & Organizing and Staffing of Project.
 Corporate and Project Strategy.
 Project Planning & work breakdown structure.
 Project Scheduling and Net Working.
 Budgeting and Cost Estimation.
 Project Panning & Control.
 Project Productivity Management.
 Social Issues in Project Management.
 Project Strategy, Project Appraisal & Project Evaluation.
 Project Proposal Writing, Resources Identification.
 Project Contract Management, Project Risk Management.
 Project Financing.
 Project Procurement System & Tender Management.
 Leadership of Project Teams.
 Motivation in Project Management.
 Project Manager Structure and Manager’s Characteristics.
 Project Success.
 Management of Change.
 HRM in Project Management.
 Improving Quality in Project Management.
 Project Termination & Audit.
 Ethics in Project Management.
 THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT
KNOWLEDGE AREAS
 Project Scope Management
 Project Time Management
 Project Cost Management
 Project Quality Management
 Project Communication Management
 Project Financing
 Project Risk Management
 Project Procurement Management
 Project HRM Management
“THE WILL TO WIN, THE DESIRE TO SUCCEED, THE URGE TO REACH YOUR
FULL POTENTIALS ARE THE KEYS TO UNLOCK THE DOORS TO THE
PERSONAL EXCELLENCE”.

CONFUCIUS

“THERE IS NOTHING SO PRACTICAL AS THEORY”.

“ALL MORALS ARE WRONG AND SOME MORALS ARE USEFUL”.

 ECONOMIC & SOCIAL FORCES DRIVING
NEED FOR MAJOR CHANGE IN
ORGANIZATION
Technological International Maturation of Market Fall of Communist &
Change Economic in Developed Socialist regimes
 Faster and better Integration Countries.  More countries
communication.  Fewer & Reduced  Slower domestic linked to the
 Faster & better tariffs( WTO ). growth. capitalist system.
transportation.  Currencies linked  More aggressive  More privatization.
 More information via floating exporters.
networks exchange rates.  More
connecting people  More global deregulation.
globally. capital flows.

The Globalization of markets & Competition

MORE HAZARDS MORE Opportunities

 More competition  Bigger markets
 Increased speed  Fewer barriers Contd
TYPICAL TRANSFORMATION METHODS
INCLUDE:

 Re-engineering  Mergers & acquisitions

 Re-structuring  Strategic change
 Quality programs  Cultural change
PREVIOUS MODEL CURRENT MODEL

Industrial Society Information Society

Forced Technology Hi Tech Technology
Command Economy Global Economy
Short Term Long Term
Centralization Decentralization
Institutional Help Self Help
Hierarchy Network
North Domination South Domination
Either Option Multiple Options
CURRENT MODEL 21ST CENTURY
PROTOTYPE
Hierarchy Network
Self-sufficiency Interdependencies
Security Personal growth
Homogeneous Culturally diverse
By individuals By teams
Domestic Global
Cost Time
Profits Customers
Capital Information
Board of directors Varied constituents
Affordability No compromises
Autocratic Inspirational
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Feedback

Inputs Outputs
Raw materials, Product/ (management Control Products,
human resources, Service Know how & Processes services, &
capital (land, Design & Technology
Facilities Transforms Satisfaction
building,
equipment), Input) other (pollution)
technology
information, Time
Human Creativity
& Skill
 5 Ms
 Money
 Material
 Machinery
 Market
 Men
 COMPETITIVENESS
 Four Keys to gain Competitiveness in any project:
 Cost
 Quality
 Speed
 Value
 MANAGEMENT IN A PROJECT

A set of activities directed at an organization’s resources with the

aim of achieving goals in an Efficient & Effective Manner.

Process of getting Project activities completed efficiently with &

through other people.

Management is a process of designing & maintaining an

environment in which individuals, working together in groups,
efficiently accomplish selected aims towards any project.
KEY ASPECTS OF THE MANAGEMENT
PROCESS

Getting the most

Out of limited
resources

Achieving
organizational
objectives
Balancing
Working with
Effectiveness
& through others
& efficiency
 EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT - CONCEPT IN
MODERN ERA
 Frederick Taylor: Father of Scientific Management.
 Mechanical Engineer – Invented high speed steel cutting tools.
 How to improve Quality of management.
 “Major Concern”
 To increase efficiency in Production,
 to Lower Cost.
 Raise profits through higher productivity, possible increase in
pay.
 TAYLOR’S MESSAGE OF MANAGEMENT

Increase labor productivity not possible without:

 Providing ample reward
 Adequate Training
 Managerial help

Fredrick Taylor Concluded:

“Low productivity in any project is a matter of ignorance

on part of labor & management”.
 HENRY L. GANTT

“Graphic methods of describing Project plans for better

managerial control.”
 MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS IN ORGANIZATION
UNDERTAKING PROJECTS
 Planning
 Organizing
 Leading
 Controlling
 PLANNING

 Planning is nothing but the way managers think through their ways
and activities in advance.
 Managers try to find those actions based on some logic.
 Any plan gives organization its objective and set the best
procedures for reaching them.
 Planning involves selecting Mission, Objectives and actions to
achieve them.
 It also involves decision making.
 ORGANIZING

 Involves establishing intentional structure of roles for people to fill

in organization.
 LEADING

 Leading is influencing people- so that they will contribute to

organization & group goals; Predominantly, to do with
interpersonal aspect of managing.
 MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS- CONCLUSION

 Planning: is the process of setting objectives in any project &

then determining what should be done to accomplish them.
 Organizing is the process of assigning tasks, allocating
resources, & arranging coordinated activities to implement
plans.
 Leading is the process of arousing enthusiasm and directing HR
efforts toward project/organizational goals.
 Controlling is the process of measuring performance and taking
corrective actions to ensure desired results in any project.