PERCENTAGE

Percentage
• Concept of percentage & Practise from PPT
• Net effect & Practise from PPT
• Product constant Ratio (Price depreciation/increase)
• Passing marks and percentage bifurcation based problems
• Miscellaneous Percentage problem on Venn diagram, dry fruits etc.
• Data Sufficiency on related topic
 Percentage
Remember the following conversion to increase your calculation speed
Basic concepts on percentage: Percentage
1).x% and x/100 mean one and the same thing.

2)y% of x = x% of y = xy/100.

3) In order to convert a percentage into a fraction we have to divide the number by 100 i.e. x% =

x/100.

Example: 25% = 25/100 = 1/4; 45% = 45/100 = 9/20 etc.

4) In order to convert a fraction into a percentage we have to multiply the number by 100.

Example: 1/5 = (100/5)% = 20%; 4/25 = (400/25)% = 16% etc.

 Percentage

Basic concepts on percentage:

Value of A = 1500, B = 2000

1. A is what percent of B? 2. B is what percent of A?

Required percentage= (1500/2000)* 100 = 75% Required percentage= (2000/1500)* 100 = 133.33%

3. A is what percent less than B? 4. B is what percent more than A?

Required percentage= [(2000-1500)/2000]* 100 = 25% Required percentage= [(2000-1500)/ 1500]* 100

= 33.33%
 Percentage
1. If 30% of a = b, then b% of 33.33 is the same as :
A] 4% of a B] 5% of a
C] 10% of a D] 11% of a
 Percentage
2. If the income of Ram is 12.5% more than that of Shyam, the income of Shyam
is less than that of Ram by
A] 100/9% B] 27/2%
C] 175/2% D] 88%
 Percentage
3. A house wife saves Rs 2.5 in buying an item on sale. If she spent Rs. 25 for the
item approximately how much percent she saved in the transaction?
A] 8% B] 9%
C] 10% D] 11%
 Percentage
4. On my sister’s 15th birthday, Her height was 159 cm, Having grown by 6%
since the year before. How tall was she in the previous year.
A] 150 cm B] 140 cm
C] 142 cm D] 154 cm
 Percentage
5. First and the second numbers less than the third number by 30% and 37%
respectively. The second number is less than the first number by?
A] 7% B] 4%
C] 3% D] 10%
 Percentage
6. The production of wheat across the country in the year 2003 was 5600 tones. In
the same year if 700 tones of wheat was produced in the state if Haryana, What
percentage did it contribute to the total production of wheat across the country?
A] 13% B] 12.5%
C] 13.5% D] 14%
 Percentage
7. A man spend 35% of his income on food, 25% on children’s education and
80% of the remaining on house rent. What percent of the income he is left with?
A] 8% B] 10%
C] 12% D] 14%
 Percentage
8. Aman spends 25% of his monthly salary on rent , 25% on food , 30% of
the remaining on Health & 20% of the remaining on Entertainment. Finally
he saves Rs.14000 per month. What is his monthly salary ?
A. Rs.50000 B. Rs.56000
C. Rs.60000 D. Rs.65000
 Percentage
9. A student to obtain 33% of the total marks to pass. He got 125 marks and
failed by 40 marks. The maximum mars are:
A] 300 B] 500
C] 800 D] 1000
 Percentage
10. Arun got 30% of the maximum marks in an examination and failed by 10
marks. However, Sujith who took same examination got 40% of the total marks
and got 15 marks more than the passing marks. What were the passing marks in
the examination?
A] 90 B] 250
C] 75 D] 85
 Percentage
11. Two students appeared in an examination. One of them secured 9 marks
more than the other and his marks was 56% of the sum of their marks. What are
the marks obtained by them?
A] 42, 33 B] 42, 36
C] 44, 33 D] 44, 36
 Percentage
12. If numerator of the fraction is increased by 200% and denominator of the
fraction is increased by 150%. The resultant fraction will become 9/10. What is
the original fraction?
A] 5/12 B] 4/7
C] 3/4 D] 7/11
 Percentage
13.In an election between two candidates, 75% of the voters cast their votes,
out of which 2% votes were declared invalid. A candidate got 9261 votes
which were 75% of the valid votes. The total number of voters enrolled in
that election was:
a.16,000 b.16,800 c.16,900 d.17,000
 Percentage

When the value of an object is first changed (increased or decreased) by a% and then
changed (increased or decreased) by b%, then the net effect is
(a + b + ab/100)%
NOTE: Increase is represented by a positive sign, decrease is represented by a
negative sign. Net effect of a increase or a decrease is according to the sign
(positive/negative).This net effect is also called successive percentage.
 Percentage

If the value of a number is first increased by a% and then decreased by a%, then the
net effect is a decrease of (a2/100)%.
Example: Salary of a worker is first increased by 10% and then decreased by 10%.
What is the percentage change in his Salary.
Decrease percentage = (102/100)% = 1% decrease
 Percentage
Consumption/Expenditure

 Percentage Increase/Decrease:
If the price of a commodity increases by R%, then the
reduction in consumption so as not to increase the expenditure
is: 
= [R/ (100 + R)] x 100%

 If the price of a commodity decreases by R%, then the increase

in consumption so as not to decrease the expenditure is
= [R/ (100 - R)] x 100%
 Percentage
14. The salary of a worker is first increased by 10% and thereafter it was reduced by
10%. What was the change in his salary?
A. Increase by 1% B. Decrease by 2% C. Decrease by 1%
D. Increase by 2%
 Percentage
15. Two years ago population of a town was 25000. It is increased by 15% in
first year, and decreased by 12% in the second year. Find the present
population of the town?
A. 25450 B.25300 C.25000 D.24320
 Percentage
16. The length of a rectangle is increased by 20%. By how much % its breadth
should be decreased so that the area is increased by only 10%.
A. 9.2% B. 8.33% C. 7.2% D. 6.5%
 Percentage
17. The height of a cylinder is increased by 10% and it’s radius is increased by
5%. What will be the approximate percentage increase in it’s volume?
A. 21.3% B. 35.2% C. 32.25% D. 48.2%
 Percentage
18. The radius of a circle is increased by 15%. By how much % it’s area must be
increased?
A. 29.2% B. 28.33% C. 32.25% D. 16.5%
 Percentage
19. Due to increment in the price of rice by 30%, a family decreased its
consumption of Rice such that there is only 20% increase in expenditure of rice. If
the initial consumption was 26 kg then what will be the consumption of rice
now?

A. 20 kg B. 24 kg C. 26 kg D. 25 kg
 Percentage
20. In ABC college, 65% of the students are less than 20 years of age, The number
of students more than 20 years of age is 2/3 of the students of 20 years of age
which is 42. what is the total number of students in ABC college?
A] 75 B] 90 C] 130 D] 200
 Percentage
21. A clothing supplier stores 800 coats in a warehouse, of which 15 percent are
full-length coats. If 500 of the short-length coats are removed form the
warehouse, then what percent of the remaining coats are full length ?
A]. 5.62% B]. 9.37% C]. 35% D]. 40%
 Percentage
22. The price of a car is Rs. 325000. It was insured to 85% of its price. The car was
damaged completely in an accident and the insurance company paid 90% of the
insurance. What was the difference between the price of the car and the amount
received ?
A]. Rs. 32500 B]. Rs. 48750
C]. Rs. 76375 D]. Rs. 81250
 Percentage
23. When processing flower-nectar into honeybees’ extract, a considerable
amount of water gets reduced. How much flower-nectar must be processed to
yield 1kg of honey, if nectar contains 50% water and the honey obtained from
this nectar contains 15% water?
A]. 1.5 kgs B]. 1.7 kgs C]. 2.1 kgs D]. None of these
 Percentage
24. 35% people a society watch English news and 40% of the people watch Hindi
news and 10% watch both news. If 700 people do not watch any news find the
total number of the people in the society.
A. 2000 B. 2200 C. 2520 D. 2840
 Percentage
25. Gauri went to the stationers and bought things worth Rs. 25, out of which 30
paisa went on sales tax on taxable purchases. If the tax rate was 6%, then what
was the cost of the tax free items?
A. Rs. 15 B. Rs. 15.70 C. Rs. 19.7 D. Rs. 20
 Percentage
Directions:
For each of the following questions two statements are given. Use the data of those
statements and then determine which of the following statements is necessary to answer the
question.
A) Statement I is sufficient to answer the question.
B) Statement II is sufficient to answer the question.
C) Either Statement I or statement II is sufficient to answer the question.
D) Neither Statement I nor statement II is sufficient to answer the question.
E) Both Statements I and II are necessary to answer the question.

26. How many students in a college did not secure first class grade in final examination .The total
number students in the college were 1200.
Statement I . 70% of the total students passed the examination and these students were classified
as first, second and third class.
Statement II. The ratio of failed students to first class grade students is 4:3.
 Percentage
Directions:
For each of the following questions two statements are given. Use the data of those
statements and then determine which of the following statements is necessary to answer the
question.
A) Statement I is sufficient to answer the question.
B) Statement II is sufficient to answer the question.
C) Either Statement I or statement II is sufficient to answer the question.
D) Neither Statement I nor statement II is sufficient to answer the question.
E) Both Statements I and II are necessary to answer the question.

27. How much minimum marks will be required to pass an examination?

Statement I . Students A secured 30% marks in that examination and he failed by 12 mark.
Student B secured 36% marks in the same examination were 6 more than the minimum pass
marks.
Statement II. Student A secured 32% of full marks in the examination and he failed by 5 marks. If
he had secured 16 more marks his percentage of marks would have been 40%
Any Doubts???

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