Aesthetic Requirements

Aesthetic Requirements
• Maximal porcelain thickness
• Sub –gingival margins
• Full porcelain cover
• Minimal metal showing

• These are often in conflict with mechanical and

biological requirements
 Careful negotiation with pt is essential !
 Margins
• What is it?
• The edge of your preparation where the crown will
meet the tooth surface

• Why is the margin so important ?

• It’s the weakest point of the crown
Why cut Margins ?
• Creates a smooth crown / tooth junction
• Easy to clean
• Creates tight seal to prevent leakage
• Provides a finishing line for lab work
• Creates a thicker / stronger / stiffer edge to the
crown
• Increases resistance & retention
• Avoids undercuts
Why cut Margins ?

May be
Weak thin edge undercut

Where is the finishing line ?

Poor hygiene
 Types of Margin

occlusal

• Feather shoulder chamfer bevel

PRESERVATION OF THE
PERIODONTIUM

• The placement of finish lines has a direct bearing on the

ease of fabrication and the ultimate success of the
restoration.
• The best results can be expected from margins that are
as smooth as possible and are fully exposed to cleansing
action.
MARGIN PLACEMENT
• Whenever possible the finish line
should be placed in an area where
the margins can be finished by the
dentist easily and kept clean by the
patient.
• In addition,finish lines must be
placed so that they can be
duplicated by the impression
without tearing or deformation.
 MARGIN PLACEMENT

• Finish line should be

placed in enamel
whenever possible.

• Supra-gingival versus
sub-gingival margin.
 supra-gingival margins

1 - They can be easily finished.

2 - They are more easily kept clean.
3 - Impressions are more easily made,
with less potential for soft tissue
damage.
4 - Restorations can be easily
evaluated at recall appointments.
• Sub-gingival margins of cemented
restorations have been identified as a major
factor in periodontal disease, particularly
where they encroach on the epithelial
attachment.
However, a sub-gingival margin is justified if any of the
following pertain:

• 1. Dental caries, cervical erosion, or restorations extend sub-

gingivally, and a crown-lengthening procedure is not indicated.
• 2. The proximal contact area extends to the gingival crest.
• 3. Additional retention is needed.
• 4. The margin of a metal-ceramic crown is to be hidden behind the
labio-gingival crest for esthetics.
Depth of Cut
• Depth control is essential to;
• Avoid over cutting
• Avoid accidental exposure
• Remove sufficient tooth for strength of chosen crown
material
• Provide an even depth of cut
Depth Control
• Normally controlled by the
choice of bur
1. Cut a series of depth cuts
2. Join them up
3. Smooth surface with discs
Depth Control
• Choose & prepare the series of burs you will
need
• Use 2-4 cuts on each surface
• Follow natural contours of the tooth
• Check occlusion, contacts, tooth shape, you
may not need to cut so deep
Choose where you cut !

need to No need
cut here to cut
here
Burs you will need:

• Chamfer tapered chamfer

Burs you will need:

• Flat fissure tapered fissure flame

 BIOLOGIC WIDTH

• The distance from the

epithelial attachment to the
crest of the alveolar bone is
called as the biological width
it’s normally about 2.04mm
wide ,including the epithelial
attachment 0.97mm and the
connective tissue attachment
1.07mm .
WHEN THE MARGIN OF A RESTORATION INTRUDES
INTO THE BIOLOGIC WIDTH, INFLAMMATORY AND
OSTEOCLASTIC ACTIVITY ARE STIMULATED.
BONE RESORPTION WILL CONTINUE UNTIL THE
ALVEOLAR CREST IS AT LEAST 2.0mm FROM THE
RESTORATION MARGIN. THE BEST OUTCOME THAT
CAN BE EXPECTED IS THAT THE EPITHELIAL AND
CONNECTIVE TISSUE ATTACHMENTS WILL
REESTABLISH THEMSELVES AT A MORE APICAL LEVEL.
CONTINUED INFLAMMATION WITH POCKET
FORMATION IS LIKELY.
•Thank you