Assumptions for initial design

 Pod
 Rigid body
 Weight: ~ 20 tons (Hyperloop Alpha ~ 15 tons)
 Max. cruising speed: 1,000 km/h (H.A. ~ 1,220 km/h)
 Acceleration/Deceleration: 4
• H.A. ~ 1G (480 to 1,220 km/h)
 No rear fan assistance
• Information not yet provided

 Tube
 No air friction
• Information not yet provided
 Levitation is not taken into account for now
• Later included together with propulsion/breaking
(Hyperloop_alpha_SpaceX_HS.pdf)

EM System Design Lab., School of ECE 1

 Propulsion
 Required average thrust: 20 tons X 4m/s2 = 80 kN
 Required average power until it reaches its maximum
cruising speed 80 kN X 1,000 km/h = 22.2 MW
 Calculated time and distance required until it reaches the
maximum cruising speed from 0 km/h
 seconds
 km
 Required stator excitation frequency range relation
 , where
• : instantaneous mover speed
• : pole pitch (machine parameter)
 For any synchronous motor, to vary speed, the frequency has to
be varied from zero*.

* I. Boldea, Linear Electric Machines Drives and MAGLEVs Handbook

EM System Design Lab., School of ECE 2

 Machine Spec.
 Pole pitch relation of stator and mover (tube and pod)

• i.e., given at maximum,

Pole Pitch

u+ v+ w+ u- v- w-

u+ v+ w+ u- v- w-

(Hyperloop_alpha_SpaceX_HS.pdf)
(Linear Electric Machines Drives and MAGLEVs Handbook - Boldea)

EM System Design Lab., School of ECE 3

 Machine Spec.
 Stator winding example

<= Core

u+ v+ w+

⃗
𝑣 Pod

Flux Line Flux Line

(Phase-u) (Phase-w)
u- v- w-

(Linear Electric Machines Drives and MAGLEVs Handbook - Boldea)

EM System Design Lab., School of ECE 4

 Force Curve (LSM)
 Force curve
 To achieve maximum force, force angle (the phase difference
between mover and stator) should be maintained to be at

90 °
Stator

⃗
𝑣
Mover

Stator
(http://tundra.cnx.rice.edu:8888/contents/cbb3bd3b-430a-487b-9c53-b17d79e3367c@1.html)
(Linear Electric Machines Drives and MAGLEVs Handbook - Boldea)

EM System Design Lab., School of ECE 5

 Energy & Force Relation
 Energy relation
 (Input electric energy)
= (Mechanical work done) + (increase in stored energy)
• , , (: flux linkage)
 Force relation

 In the absence of motion,

• , where (magnetic coenergy)

 i.i., given (# of slots/pole/phase), proper mover and stator slot

design, airgap-length, and air-get flux density must be deter-
mined to get the required force & power.

(Linear Electric Machines Drives and MAGLEVs Handbook - Boldea)

EM System Design Lab., School of ECE 6