Pole Sitao

(Vigna unguiculata subp. sesquipedalis)

Insects, Pathogens and Weeds

 Pole Sitao
 Pole Sitao is one of the most widely
grown vegetables in the country and
throughout the Asian countries.

 Pole sitao is also known as “Yard long

beans, Chinese bean and string beans”.

 Popular edible legume.

(pods, young shoots, and beans)
PATHOGENS
 Bacterial Blight Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli
Causal Agents
Bacterium
Conditions for disease development:
 Infection occurs when bacterial cells are deposited
onto leaves by splashing water,
 or from contaminated seed, and multiply to form large
populations.
 The bacteria gain entry into plants through natural
openings and wounds. Infection occurs most readily
during warm (greater than 85ºF), wet weather, wind
driven rains.
 Bacterial Blight Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli

Symptoms
 A narrow, bright lemon-yellow border of tissue encircles the lesion.
Infected pods develop circular water-soaked spots. Later, the spots dry
and become reddish-brown, sunken lesions.
 Early pod infection causes shriveled seeds, and the bacteria may cause
yellow to orange discoloration under the seed coat of infected seeds.

Management and control:

Cultural
 Plant certified seed of recommended varieties less susceptible to common
bacterial blight.
 Avoid overhead irrigation and reuse of irrigation water. Avoid working in
fields when plants are wet.
 Bacterial Blight Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli

Chemical
preventative bactericide applications can reduce
spread of the common bacterial blight pathogen, but
chemical controls are most effective when integrated
with sound cultural practices.
 Bactericide
Champ DP O.66 – 2lbs per acre with the application
frequency of 7-14 days. Apply preventatively
beginning when plants are 6”in height
Causal Agents:
Fungus
Bean Rust (Uromyces appendiculatus

Conditions for disease development:

 Rust development is favored by cool to
moderate temperatures 20-30 º C and moist
conditions with prolonged periods of free
water on the leaf surface for more than 10
hours.
Symptoms:
 Initially the symptoms appear as small
yellow/white spots on leaves. Later the
spots become enlarged and shows raised
brick red rust pustules (uredinia). Normally
this pustules are surrounded by a yellow
halo. Premature leaf drop may occur if the
disease is severe.
Management and
control:
 Crop rotation with non host crops
 Remove weeds
 Proper planting distance

 Protective spraying of chlorothalonil with 2 to 5

tbsp/per gallon of water and repeat after 7-10 days.
and carbamate fungicides. Use azoxystrobin ,
boscalid to reduce rust severity after the
appearance of symptoms. For spot treatments, use
0.2 oz. Azoxystrobin 50 WG per 1 to 2 gallons
of water. Do not apply more than 10 Ibs.
product/acre/year
 Mosaic
Causal Agents:
Virus Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV)
Conditions for disease development:
 This disease is transmitted mechanically by insects -
aphid and beetles.
Symptoms:
 Yellow, white or green stripes, streaks, spots on foliage.
Management and control:
 Use varieties ( resistant), if available

 Remove weeds that serves as an alternate host for the

insect and virus

 Disinfect farm tools with 10% chlorine

 Remove infected plants as early as symptoms are

observed.

 Control insect vectors by using reflective mulches or

natural enemies.
Mosaic Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV)
INSECTS
 Black Bean Aphid Aphis fabae

 Feed by sucking the sap

of the plants especially
the tip of vines. Plants
become stunted and
leaves curl.
 Black Bean
Aphid Aphis fabae

Hosts:
Legumes ( Hemiptera)
Plant parts affected:
Leaves, flowers, buds and pods

Management and control:

 Monitor the field regularly
 Remove weeds

 Use insect traps and reflective mulches

 Apply Acephate( MOA 1B) mix 1/3 to 1 1/3 per
gallon and can be repeat after 3 days of interval.
 Pod Borer Maruca Vitrata
Larvae feeds on flower
buds, and bores into
young pods.
 Pod Borer Maruca vitrata

Hosts:
Legumes ( Lepidoptera) Click icon to add picture
Plant parts affected:
Flower, buds and pods
Management and control:
 Monitor the field regularly
 Weeding to destroy hosts plant

 Cultivate the soil by plowing and harrowing; use

plastic mulch to minimize the pupation in the soil
 Apply synthetic insecticide like indoxicard
( 22A). Fill spray tank ¼ to ½ full of water then
add the indoxicarb directly to spray tank, the
minimum interval between treatments in 7days.
 Leaf Miner Lyriomyza spp

 Feeds on the green

inner portion of the
leaves leaving white
zigzag lines
 Leaf Miner Lyriomyza spp

Hosts:
Legumes, brassicas and solanaceous
(Lepidoptera)
Plant parts affected:
Leaves
Management and control:
 Monitor the field regularly
 Remove and dispose properly heavily
infested leaves
 Use natural enemies like parasitic wasps
 Use sticky traps
WEEDS
 Rice Grass Paspalum scrobiculatum

Description:
Invasive Species
Plant Type:
Pest / Host Plant
Management and control:
Glyphosate Application
Sharp shooter plus 1L/ha tank mixed in 100L of
water ( once per year)
Hand Weeding
 Crab Grass Digitaria ciliaris

Description:
Invasive Species
Plant Type:
Pest / Host Plant
Management and control:
Glyphosate Application
Sharp shooter plus 1L/ha tank mixed in 100L of
water ( once per year)
Hand Weeding
 Torpedo Grass Panicum Repens

Description:
Invasive Species
Plant Type:
Pest / Host Plant
Management and control:
Glyphosate Application
Sharp shooter plus 1L/ha tank mixed in 100L
of water
(once per year)
Hand Weeding
References:

Business Diary Ph. (2021, September 21). Business Diary Ph.

Retrieved from Business Diary Ph: https://businessdiary.com

Cabi Invasive Species Compendium. (2021, November 16). Cabi Invasive Species Compendium.
Retrieved from Cabi Invasive Species Compendium: https://www.cabi.org

Plant Village. (n.d.). Plant Village.

Retrieved from Plant Village: https://plantvillage.psu.edu