Swimming

Prepared by JPR
What is Swimming ?
 Humans are able to hold their breath underwater and undertake
rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an
evolutionary response.
 Swimming is the self propulsion of a person through water or other
liquid, for survival, recreation, sport, exercise or other reason. 
 Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs,
the body, or both.
Purpose of Swimming
Survival
Recreation
Health and Fitness
Sports
Occupation (marine biologist, pearl diver, lifeguard, ocean rescuer,
military operations)
Science of Swimming
Human body is composed of
70% liquid based molecules.
Lungs helps in maintaining
buoyancy of human body on
the water surface.
If human body will align to
water surface, providing the
lungs is keeping enough air
to float, it will become
aquadynamics.
Leg kicks are the prime
mover in swimming strokes.
Science of Swimming
Leg Kicks + Arm Movement = Swim Strokes Remarks
Flutter kick Arm crawling Freestyle stroke Fastest swim
stroke
Reverse flutter Backward arm Back Stroke
kick crawling
Whip kick/frog Circular inward Breast Stroke Very technical
kick pulling swim stroke, one
of the slowest
swim stroke,
oldest known
swim stroke
Dolphin kick/body Small inward arm Dolphin butterfly Very technical
undulation sculling to reverse Stroke swim stroke, most
arm extension respectable stroke
 Kinds of Swimming Strokes
Freestyle or Front
Crawl Stroke
Breast Stroke
Back Stroke
Dolphin-Butterfly
Stroke
Unstandard Swim
Strokes
English breast
stroke
Side Stroke
‘langoy ilog’
Freestyle Stroke
Swimming Stroke # 1 – The Crawl, or Freestyle
The technique involved in this swimming stroke is pretty simple.

You float on your belly in the water, and propel yourself by rotating your
arms in a windmill motion, and kick your legs in a fluttering motion.

The hardest part of this swimming technique is the coordination of the

breathing while performing the strokes, since the face remains in the water
almost all the time.
Back Stroke
Swimming Stroke # 2 – The
Backstroke
The backstroke is akin to the crawl,
except that you float on your back in the
water.

The arms are moved in a similar

alternating windmill motion, and the
legs a kicked in a similarly fluttering
motion.

The two basic techniques of a correct

backstroke are:
One, that the arms are moved with
equal force, or else you will find yourself
swimming off towards one side;

Two, that the body should be rolled

from one side to the other, so that the
arms extend to their utmost reach, to
propel you by catching enough water.
Breast Stroke
Swimming Stroke # 3 – The Breaststroke
This swimming technique involves a pattern wherein the body bobs upwards and
downwards as you propel yourself forward in the water.

The breaststroke is a difficult swimming technique, and should not be chosen if you are
just beginning to learn swimming.

Basically, this swimming stroke involves pulling your arms through the water, as you bob
up and breathe, and then kicking with your legs as you bob down and glide forward.

The arm pulling and the leg kicking are done alternatively.
 Dolphin-Butterfly Stroke
Swimming Stroke # 4 – The Butterfly Stroke
Similar to the breaststroke, the butterfly is also a difficult swimming technique, and not advocated for
beginning learners, since it involves a fair amount of strength as well as precise timing.

While performing this stroke, the legs should be moved together akin to the movements of a dolphin’s
tail, the arms should also be moved together, pushing the water downwards and then backwards, while
the torso moves forward in an undulating manner.
Need to Wear
Swimsuit

The suit covers the skin
for modesty. Competitive
swimwear seeks to improve
upon bare human skin for a
speed advantage. In 2009,
FINA rules and regulations
were altered and suits made
with polyurethane were
banned because they made
athletes more buoyant.
Wearing Option
Need to Wear
Swim cap

A swim cap keeps
the swimmer's hair
out of the way to
reduce drag. Caps
may be made of
latex, silicone,
spandex or lycra.
Need to Wear
Goggles

Goggles keep water
and chlorine out of
swimmers' eyes. Goggles
may be tinted to
counteract glare at outdoor
pools. Prescription goggles
may be used by swimmers
who wear corrective lenses.
Other equipment
Kick Board
Swim Fins
Pull Buoy
Kickboard
A kickboard is a
foam board that
swimmers use to
support the
weight of the
upper body while
they focus on
kicking; helps
build leg muscles.
Swim Fins
Rubber fins are
used to help kick
faster. They also
improve
technique by
keeping the feet
in the proper
position while
kicking.
Pull Buoy
Use for
keeping the
legs afloat
while working
to improve
arm strokes in
swimming.
TERMINOLOGIES
BACKSTROKE – a stroke used when swimming on
your back.
BILATERAL BREATHING – an exercise where you
breath alternately.
BREASTSTROKE – stroke using a frog kick
BUBBLES/BOBBING – preparatory exercise on
inhaling through your mouth and exhaling through
your nose.
BOUYANCY – ability to float in the water without
stress
TERMINOLOGIES
BUTTERFLY – a rhythmic stroke.
CRAWL STROKE – fast stroke swim in front position.
DIVING – entering the water by jumping with the
hands and head first.
DOLPHIN KICK – kick used in butterfly stroke, feet
together and hips undulated
FEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DE
NATATION(FINA) – world’s governing body of
swimming as a sport.
TERMINOLOGIES
FLUTTER KICK – rapid up and down movement of the
feet while in the water.
FREESTYLE – a privilege of the swimmer to use any stroke
he or she wants during the game.
GLIDE – pushing of the wall and moving underwater
without the use of any kick and arm movement.
INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY (IM) – an event of all the four
competitive strokes are swam by one swimmer.
LANE NUMBERS - lane numbered from right to left
where the swimmers stands for identity during the course.
TERMINOLOGIES
LAP – refers to one length of the pool.
LONG COURSE – a 50 meter pool set for competition.
MEDLEY RELAY – all four competitive strokes swam with
four swimmers swimming in turns.
SCULLING – action of the arms while back floating or in
treading, doing the figure of eight.
STROKE – the particular way or style to swim.
STREAMLINE – the method of aligning the body in order to
reduce resistance in the water.
TREADING – a condition of staying afloat while moving your
arms and legs.
Swimming Safety Rules
Short Quiz (20 points)
1. Define what is swimming on your own word. (2 points)
2. Give three (3) importance of swimming and explain
(6 points)
3. List the four (4) major swimming strokes. (4points)
4. What are the important gears needed by a student
in swimming lesson? (3 points)
Thank you