Ancient Egypt of the

Pharaohs

CHAPTER NO 2
HISTORY
(PREPARED BY AYESHA SALEEM)
 What is civilization?

The process by which a society or place

reaches an advanced stage of social and
cultural development and organization.
Main feature
River Nile:
Importance of River Nile

The Nile provided
1: Food and water
2: Land for agriculture
3:A means of travel
4:Papyrus for making paper
5:A main source of growing cotton and flax.(linen)
Pharaohs The rulers

The statues at Abu Simbel

Ramesses II temple
Administrationof
Pharaohs:
1:Pharaohs had an Religion:
organized army
2:A huge number of
 Egyptians were poly theists.
Ministers.  They had temples.
3:A police force.  They had nearly 2000 gods.
4:A Wazir worked as
Prime Minister and
 Temples were also used as schools.
chief justice.  They believed life after death.
4: Wazir reported him
daily about state
matters.
Hieroglyphs
The words of God:
Used symbols.
Written in rows and columns
Papyrus:

A plant.
A thin paper like material.
Grew in the Nile Delta of Egypt.
Used for writing material.
First manufactured in Egypt in
3000.BCE.
Two layers were glued together
to make a thick paper.
Pyramids of Egypt

Mummification
A process of burry their dead.
One of the 7 wonders Pyramid of Giza The dead bodies were embalmed
Its so huge to built when The pyramid of khafre is and wraped with bandages.
there was no machines to guarded by Sphinx.A mythical
creature at a rock of Giza. They were kept with all goods
build them like
food,grains,honey ,clothing,jewll
ery.
Egyptian
introduced Decimal
system of counting

Used 7 different
symbols