PSYCHOLOG

Y
-Is the scientific study of mind and
human behavior.

-The word “psychology” comes from

the combination of words “psyche” and
“logos”.
Psychology
The majority of people would likely claim that they do not
wish to talk about themselves. But in reality, most
individuals enjoy hearing about other people's lives since it
gives them a chance to communicate about themselves or
relate to others. "Me, Myself, and I" is a well-known phrase
that is frequently used in animated films and even in social
media as a caption for photos or shout-outs.
Psychology of self
focuses on...
the reprensentation of an individual
based on his/her experiences.
The Self as
a Cognitive
Constructio
nReporter : Leonardo Baula
What is Cognitive
Construction?
Identity and Self Concept

Identity is composed of personal characteristics,

social roles as well as affiliations that define who one
is (Oysemen Elmore and Smith 2012).

Self Concept is what basically comes to your mind

when you asked who you are.
Freud saw the self,its
mental processes and ones
behavior as the results of
the interaction between the
id, the ego,and the
superego.

Sigmund Freud
Self Awareness may be positive or negative depending on the
circumtances and our next course of action. Self-awareness
can keep you from doing something dangerous; it can help
remind you that you have important things to do when
tempted to do something else.

Self-awareness also presents us to least

three other self schema: actual , ideal , and
ought self.
-Actual self is true you are at the moment.
-Ideal self is who you like to be.
-Ought self if you think you should be.
 Self Esteem
One of the common concepts associated with the self
is self -esteem, it is defined as our own positive and
negative perception or evaluation of ourselves

Narcissism
In one's attempt to maintain or increase self-
esteem he/she may resort Narcissism.It is trait
characterized by overly high self-esteem, self
admiration and self centeredness.
 William James
and
Me-Self and I-Self
Reporter : Carl Niclaus Calangian
 WILLIAM JAMES
•He suggested that “ the total self of
‘ME’, being as it were duplex” is
composed of “ partly object and partly
subject “.

•He differentiate between the self as

knower,or the “I”, and the self known or “
Me”.
Three Components of Me

•MATERIAL SELF- consists of things that

belongs to us or that we belong to.
•SOCIAL SELF- who we are in a given social

situation
•SPIRITUAL SELF- it is who we are at our
core.
 Global
vs.
Differentiated
Models
Reporter: Venus Catalan
Global-refers to general value that
a person places on himself or
herself.

Differentiated self-refers to your

ability to separate your own
feelings and thoughts from others.
 Real vs.
Ideal self
•In psychology, the real self and
the ideal self are terms used to
describe personality domains.
Reporter :Alex Andrea Carreon
 Real Self
•The real self is who we
actually are.
•It is how we think, how we
feel, look, and act.
•The real self can be seen by
others, but because we have no
way of truly knowing how
others view us, the real self is
our self-image.
 Ideal Self
•The ideal self, on the other hand, is how
we want to be.
•It is an idealized image that we have
developed over time, based on what we
have learned and experienced
•The ideal self could include components
of what our parents have taught us, what
we admire in others, what our society
promotes, and what we think is in our
best interest.
 The Importance Of
Alignment
•If the way that I am (the real self) is aligned with
the way that I want to be (the ideal self), then I will
feel a sense of mental well-being or peace of mind.
• If the way that I am is not aligned with how I want
to be, the incongruence, or lack of alignment, will
result in mental distress or anxiety.
 Congruence
and
Incongruence
 Congruence
•Congruence occurs when one's perceptions of
their real and ideal selves are nearly identical,
that is, when one's concept of ideal self is in
alignment with one's real self.
•Congruence promotes a sense of self-worth
and a more healthy, productive life.
 Incongruence
•Incongruence occurs when one's perceptions of their real
and ideal selves are unidentical.
•When there is a significant disparity between one's real self
and their ideal self, they experience incongruence, which can
lead to maladjustment.
•Incongruent experiences with oneself are deemed
unpleasant, resulting in feelings of inadequacy, anxiety, and
distress.
 Multiple
vs.
Unified Selves
Reporter:Venus Catalan
Multiple Selves-theories of
personality reveal the influence of
two themes: Human behavior and
stimuli in the environment.

Unified Selves-It is the integration

of sub selves into one ,
however,Integration is a task for the
later part of life.
 “Just be “How will I do that
yourself! if I don’t know who
am really I?”
”
TRUE
AND
FALSE SELF
Reporter: Angela I. De Vera
The theory of a true self and a false self was advanced
by influencial pediatrician and British psychoanalyst
Dr. Donald Winnicott in a series of papers in the
1960s.

He contends that everyone is

divided into these two selves,

and that people develop a false

self to protect their inner,

more vulnerable true self.

 TRUE AND FALSE
The true self refers to a sense of self based on

SELF
authentic experience, a sense of self and the

feeling of being truly present and alive.

The false self is a defensive façade/social mask,

behind which the person can feel empty, it’s

behaviours being learnt and controlled rather

than spontaneous and genuine.

Winnicott attests that false self is developed through early

environment failure when true self potential was unrealized and

hidden.

The process of developing a false self begins at a very young age. If

kids are ignored by their parents Jthey will learn to modify their

impulses in a bid to receive the love they crave, and that is the start of

constructing their false self.

Some psychologists view the true self as black and white (true self is good, false self is bad),

others maintain there are two types of false self: a healthy false self and an unhealthy false

self.

• Healthy False Self - is an awareness of personal boundaries. Form of useful

self-protection, in that it shields us at times when vulnerability.

• False-self is the one behind many dysfunctional behaviours. He defines the

unhealthy false self as one that fits into society through forced compliance

rather than a desire to adapt.

Real-life examples of the false self are based around certain beliefs that we

take on in order to fit into our worlds better.

"If I'm like this they will love/appreciate/value me more."

 Remember :)

A clear understanding of people selves

would enable them to develop a strong

integrated identity. In a safe therapeutic

environment we can explore our true

feelings and desires openly while being

listened to and understood. As we are

regularly encouraged to be our true self,

the urge to be false lessens.

 THE SELF AS
PROACTIVE AND
AGENTIC
PROACTIVE
Tend to make things happen
instead of waiting for those things
to happen to them.

AGENTIC
Generally means how you assess
yourselves based on your capabilities and
strengths plays a massive role on how
you deal with your self and with all the
aspects in life.
FOUR FEATURES OF HUMAN AGENCY

•Intentionally
•Forethought
•Self Reactiveness
•Self Reflectiveness
INTENTIONALLY
It is when the people make intentions
of their action plans and strategies for
realizing them.

FORETHOUGHT
It is the ability to anticipate
outcomes on current activities
and it is like you are predicting
your future.
SELF REACTIVENESS
It involves making choices and
choosing appropriate courses of
action as well as motivating and
regulating them. 
SELF REFLECTIVENESS
It gives the person the ability to
reflect upon and the adequacy of his
or her thoughts and actions.
Thank You
for
Listening!!!