Tarlac State University

Educ - 104

PHILOSOPHICAL
FOUNDATION OF
SPED AND EFA

Group 3-C
Ashley Nicole Ilagan
Mary Josephine Catabay
John Paul Guzman
John Patrick Juliano
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

A. Identify the different Philosophical Bases of Special

Education
B. Explain the essence of the Philosophical Bases of Special
Education
C. Understand the Vision, Policy, Goal and Objectives of
Special Education.
Most People See What is, and
Never See What Can be.
-Albert Einstein
Philosophical Bases of
Special Education
 Basic Philosophy of
Special Education
• The general philosophy of special
education is that all people have
(18+) mine the ability to learn, regardless of
their particular disabilities.
 Note-worthy terms

Providing equal access to

opportunities and resources
for people who might
INCLUSIVITY otherwise be excluded or
marginalized.
(No exclusion)
 Note-worthy terms

The state of being equal,

especially in status, rights,
EQUALITY and opportunities.
 Note-worthy terms

Favors equality of some

sort: People should get the
same, or be treated the same,
EGALITARIANISM or be treated as equals, in
some respect.
VISION, POLICY, GOAL
AND OBJECTIVES OF
SPECIAL EDUCATION
Vision for Children with
Special Needs
The Department of Education clearly
states its vision for children with
special needs in consonance with the
Philosophy of inclusive education,
thus,
Vision for Children with
Special Needs

“The State, community and family hold a common vision for the
Filipino Child with Special Needs. By the 21st Century, it is
envisioned that he/she could be adequately provided with basic
education. This education should fully realize his/her own potentials
for development and productivity as well as being capable of self-
expression of his/her rights in society..."
Vision for Children with
Special Needs
"... More importantly, he/she is God-loving and proud of being a
Filipino. It is also envisioned that the child with special needs will
get full parental and community support for his/her education
without discrimination of any kind. This special child should also be
provided with a healthy environment along with leisure and
recreation and social security measures.” (Department of Education
Handbook on Inclusive Education 2000.
THE POLICY OF SPED

The policy on Inclusive Education for all is

adapted in the Philippines to accelerate
access to Education among children and
youth with special needs. Inclusive
Education forms an integral component of
the overall education system that is
committed to an appropriate education for
all children and youth with special needs.
THE GOAL OF
SPED
To provide the children with special
needs appropriate educational services
within the mainstream of basic
education.
THE GOAL OF
SPED
-Development of key strategies in
legislation

-Human resource development

-Family involvement

-Active participation of government and

non-government organizations.
THE OBJECTIVES OF
SPED
1. Provide a flexible and
individualized support system for
children and youth with special needs
in a regular class environment in
schools nearest the student’s home.
THE OBJECTIVES OF
SPED
2. Provide support services,
vocational programs, and work
training employment opportunities for
efficient community participation and
independent living.
THE OBJECTIVES OF
SPED
3. Implement a life-long curriculum to
include to early intervention and
parent education, basic education and
transition programs on vocational
training or preparation for college.
THE OBJECTIVES OF
SPED
4. Make available an array of
educational programs and services:
Children remind us to treasure the
smallest of gifts, even in the most
difficult times.
-Allen Klein
New Report Details Where CHILDREN are EXCLUDED from
EDUCATION
THEY ARE NOT INVISIBLE.
 Difference between
Special Education and
Regular Education
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the class will be able to:

 Explain the curriculum of both regular and special

education
 Describe the perspectives on sped to students 
Understand the educational approaches of the SPED
curriculum
 Discuss the SPED’s educational program
 ° Education in the Philippines
Regular Education
is offered through formal and
non-formal systems.
 ° Formal Education- organized and
structured system located in a formal
institution facilitated by teachers that leads
to certification.
Regular Education
° Non-Formal Education- organized
system of education located outside the
formal institution to provide selected types
of learning
Formal Education
Non-Formal
Education
 Curriculum.

K-12 in the Philippines that has 3 levels:

Primary School
Secondary High School
Tertiary Education
DepEd created the Basic
Education-Learning Continuity
Plan in light of the new normal.
The goal of this plan is to
guarantee the security of the
faculty, staff, and students.
It also aims to provide high-
quality distance education
through the use of self-study
modules. These are
accessible through web
portals, radio, television, and
digital formats.
What about the children with special
needs?
 Perspective on Special
Education to Students.
1. Substantial limitations in present functioning
2. Significantly sub-average intellectual functioning
3. Limitations in the adaptive skills or behavior
4. Related limitations in the adaptive skills areas
What are the approaches that they need
to focus on?
1. Self-care and daily living skills by absorption and
imitation
2. Social, psychological, and physical development
SPED Activities
SPED Activities
Professional Preparation
Standards
 Models of Assessment (Richey
and Wheeler, 2000). Three
assessment models are used in
Western countries. These are the
Assessment traditional, team-based and
Procedures activity based-models of
assessment.
Educational Programs

1. Home-Based Instruction Program

2. Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) Services
3. Urban Basic Service Program
EVERYONE HAS THE RIGHT TO
EDUCATION
UDHR adopted in 1948, proclaims in Article 26
 Quick Question:
Where is the Ice breaker
capital of the Philippines
Located?
Tondo,
Manila
Guess the Gibberish!
Guess the Gibberish!

"SPECIAL EDUCATION"
Guess the Gibberish!
Guess the Gibberish!

"EDUCATION FOR ALL"

Education For All (EFA)
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

A. Identify the Vision, Policy, Goal, and

Objectives of Education for All
B. Spot the Difference between EFA plan and Regular
Education in the past
C. Learn the Professional Preparation
Standards
EDUCATION FOR
ALL (EFA)
• An international initiative first
launched at the 'World Conference
on Education for All' (Jomtien,
Thailand, 1990) by UNESCO,
UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF and the
World Bank.
 EDUCATION FOR
ALL (EFA)

• Is an international initiative first launched in 1990 to

bring the benefits of education to “every citizen in
every society.”
SDG's Of UN (Sustainable
Development Goals)
4TH SDG - Quality Education
6 OBJECTIVES
OF EFA
1. Early Childhood
Education
2. Access to Primary
Education by 2015
3. Learning needs of
Young people and Adult
4. 50% improvement
in adult literacy
by 2015
5. Equality to Education
6. Improved quality
Education
EFA Philippines
2015
EFA Philippines 2015
Is a vision and holistic program of reforms
that aim to improve access and quality of
basic education for every Filipino by 2015.
EFA Philippines 2015
•Providing education to all Filipinos
opened alternative learning system to
complement formal schooling to reach and
better serve those in difficult
circumstances.
Towards Achieving EFA Goals by 2015: The Philippine Scenario

By: Carolyn Rodriguez (Head, Knowledge Management Office, Southeast Asian

Ministers of Education Organization-Regional Center for Educational Innovation and
Technology)
The six production tasks
1. Better Schools: Make every school continuously perform better
2. ECCD: Make expansion of ECCD coverage yield more EFA benefits.
3. Teachers: Get all teachers to continuously improve their teaching practices
4. Longer Cycle: Adopt a 12-year cycle for formal basic education
5. Curriculum Development: Continue enrichment of curriculum development in the context of pillars
of new functional literacy
6. Alternative Learning Systems: Transform non-formal and informal interventions into an alternative
learning 68 system yielding more EFA benefits.
Towards Achieving EFA Goals by 2015: The Philippine Scenario

By: Carolyn Rodriguez (Head, Knowledge Management Office, Southeast Asian

Ministers of Education Organization-Regional Center for Educational Innovation and
Technology)
The three enabling tasks
7. Financing: Provide adequate public funding for country-wide attainment of EFA
goals
8. Governance: Create network of community-based groups for local attainment of
EFA goals.
9. Monitoring: Monitor progress in effort towards attainment of EFA goals.
EFA 2015
Objectives and
Goals
1. All youth and adults
functionally literate
2.Children 3-5 year-olds
ready to participate in
schools to eliminate
dropout and repetition in
Grades 1 to 3
3. All pupils and
students complete basic
education with
satisfactory achievement
level
4. Education be made a
societal responsibility
Policy and Latest
achievements of
EFA plan
Difference between EFA
plan and Regular
Education in the past
Philippine Education for All
2015 Review Report
 Difference between EFA plan and Regular Education in the past (by
looking at the
progress of EFA in the Philippines)

• Increased number of Day • Kindergarten Act (making

Care Center (Republic Act kindergarten mandatory for 5
No. 6972) years old)

“An Act Institutionalizing the

Kindergarten Education Into the
Basic Education System and
Appropriating Funds Therefor
otherwise known as the
“Kindergarten Education Act.”
Difference between EFA plan and Regular Education in the past (by
looking at the
progress of EFA in the Philippines)

• Madrasah education (DO No. • Funding support for Special

40 s. 2011) Education (SPED)(DO No. 24 s.
2012 and DO No. 98 s. 2011
 Difference between EFA plan and Regular Education in the past (by
looking at the
progress of EFA in the Philippines)

• PantawidPamilyang Pilipino • School Health and Nutrition

Program (4Ps) Conditional Program
Cash Transfer (CCT) • (SHNP)
 Difference between EFA plan and Regular Education in the past (by
looking at the
progress of EFA in the Philippines)

• Strengthened Technical- • Alternative Learning System

Vocational Education (ALS)
Program(STVEP) (strengthening
technical vocation education)
 Difference between EFA plan and Regular Education in the past (by
looking at the
progress of EFA in the Philippines)

• K to 12 Philippine Basic
Education curriculum
Framework
(K to 12 Inclusion Policy)
Professional
Preparation
Standards
Philippine Professional Standards for
Teachers (PPST)
DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2017
The PPST aims to:
a. set out clear expectations of teachers along well-defined career stages of
professional development from beginning to distinguished practice;
b. engage teachers to actively embrace a continuing effort in attaining proficiency;
and
c. apply a uniform measure to assess teacher performance, identify needs, and
provide support for professional development.
 EFA
•Teacher Education Development Program (TEDP) - is the master plan for
Teacher Education. - is the articulation of a singular competency- based
framework for teaching and teacher development that would guide all
policies, reforms, and activities related to teaching and teacher development.

•Teacher Induction Program (TIP) - was developed and implemented to

improve the quality of entrants to the teaching profession.
 It is not beyond our power to create a
world in which all children have access
to a good education.
Nelson Mandela
 REFERENCE
• HTTPS://PLATO.STANFORD.EDU
• https://tsueduph.sharepoint.com/:b:/s/EDUC104-BSEDSocialStudies2AThursday1100AM-
200PM/EXaua8YBDkdAv2boOtXH9s0B5pGNWveHhHkXfT_2ebgd4w?e=1UKNAM
• https://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/sites/default/files/ressources/philippines_efa_mda.pdfhttps://
www.worldbank.org/en/topic/education/brief/education-for-allhttp://www.ibe.unesco.org/en/
glossary-curriculum-terminology/e/education-all-efahttps://lcc.deped.gov.ph/students/what-is-
education-for-all-2/#:~:text=Philippine%20Education%20for%20All%20(EFA,for%20every
%20Filipino%20by%202015.
https://slideplayer.com/slide/13496011/https://www.gcedclearinghouse.org/sites/default/files/
resources/230331e.pdfhttps://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/thorough-examination-
substantial-reform-has-brought-it-variety-challengeshttps://www.deped.gov.ph/2002/08/22/do-36-
s-2002-education-for-all-efa-2015-plan-preparation/https://www.teacherph.com/philippine-
professional-standards-for-teachers/
 REFERENCE
• Basic Education Information System (BEIS) Policy Notes, Research and Statistics Division,
Philippine Department of Education (unpublished document), 2009.
• Luz, Juan Miguel, Philippine Basic Education Industry Profile (Powerpoint Presentation),
National Institute for Policy Studies, 2003.
• Philippine Department of Education Website – www.deped.gov.ph
• Research Studies Unit, SEAMEO INNOTECH, Content and Structure of Basic Education in
Southeast Asian Countries (unpublished document), 2008.
• The Philippine EFA 2015 Final Plan, Oct. 2005.
• UNESCO EFA Development Index 2009, Overcoming Inequality: Why Governance Matters (EFA
Global Monitoring Report), 2009.
thank you