Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 17 views

    BF Skinner

    Uploaded by

    Diane Gudelosao
    Operant conditioning focuses on observable and measurable behaviors that are learned through reinforcement or punishment. Burrhus Skinner argued that behaviors followed by good outcomes are likely to recur, while behaviors followed by bad outcomes are less likely to recur. In operant conditioning, learning is the result of changes in overt behavior caused by an individual's responses to environmental stimuli. When a response is reinforced or rewarded, the individual is conditioned to respond in that way again. The key element is reinforcement, which can be positive or negative. Implications for practice include using a question-answer framework with gradual steps and immediate feedback to positively reinforce correct responses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content

    You might also like

    BF Skinner

    Uploaded by

    Diane Gudelosao
    17 views13 pages
    Operant conditioning focuses on observable and measurable behaviors that are learned through reinforcement or punishment. Burrhus Skinner argued that behaviors followed by good outcomes are likely to recur, while behaviors followed by bad outcomes are less likely to recur. In operant conditioning, learning is the result of changes in overt behavior caused by an individual's responses to environmental stimuli. When a response is reinforced or rewarded, the individual is conditioned to respond in that way again. The key element is reinforcement, which can be positive or negative. Implications for practice include using a question-answer framework with gradual steps and immediate feedback to positively reinforce correct responses.

    Original Description:

    Burrhus Frederick Skinner

    Original Title

    Bf Skinner

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    Operant conditioning focuses on observable and measurable behaviors that are learned through reinforcement or punishment. Burrhus Skinner argued that behaviors followed by good outcomes are likely to recur, while behaviors followed by bad outcomes are less likely to recur. In operant conditioning, learning is the result of changes in overt behavior caused by an individual's responses to environmental stimuli. When a response is reinforced or rewarded, the individual is conditioned to respond in that way again. The key element is reinforcement, which can be positive or negative. Implications for practice include using a question-answer framework with gradual steps and immediate feedback to positively reinforce correct responses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views13 pages

    BF Skinner

    Uploaded by

    Diane Gudelosao
    Operant conditioning focuses on observable and measurable behaviors that are learned through reinforcement or punishment. Burrhus Skinner argued that behaviors followed by good outcomes are likely to recur, while behaviors followed by bad outcomes are less likely to recur. In operant conditioning, learning is the result of changes in overt behavior caused by an individual's responses to environmental stimuli. When a response is reinforced or rewarded, the individual is conditioned to respond in that way again. The key element is reinforcement, which can be positive or negative. Implications for practice include using a question-answer framework with gradual steps and immediate feedback to positively reinforce correct responses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Operant

    Conditioning
    Burrhus Frederick Skinner

    Diane O. Barbarona-Gudelosao
    Behaviorism
    Focuses on the study of observable and measurable
    behavior.
    Emphasizes that behavior is mostly learned through
    conditioning and reinforcement (rewards and
    punishment).
    Does NOT give much attention to the mind and the
    possibility of thought processes occurring in the
    mind. 2
    “ All we need to know in
    order to describe and explain
    behavior is this: actions
    followed by good outcomes
    are likely to recur and actions
    followed by bad outcomes are
    less likely to recur.”

    Burrhus Frederick Skinner


    3
    Operant Conditioning
    Learning is a result of change in overt behaviour.
    Changes in behaviour are the result of an
    individual’s response to events (stimuli) that occur in
    the environment.
    When a particular response Stimulus-Response (S-
    R) pattern is reinforced (rewarded) the individual is
    conditioned to respond.
    4
    Reinforcement
    The key element in Skinner’s S-R Theory.

    Reinforcer
    Anything that strengthens the desired response.

    Positive and Negative Reinforcement


    5
    Punishment
    Decreasing the rate of undesired behavior.

    Positive and Negative Punishment

    6
    7
    Behavioral Chaining
    Reinforcement Schedule
    Fixed Interval Schedule
    Variable Interval Schedule
    Fixed Ratio Schedule
    Variable Ratio Schedule
    8
    Fixed Interval Schedule
    The target response is reinforced after a fixed
    amount of time has passed since the last
    reinforcement.

    Variable Interval Schedule


    This is similar to fixed interval schedules but the
    amount of time that must pass between
    reinforcement varies.
    9
    Fixed Ratio Schedule
    A fixed number of correct responses must occur
    before reinforcement may recur.

    Variable Ratio Schedule


    The number of correct repetitions of the correct
    response for reinforcement varies.

    10
    Implications of Operant Conditioning

    Practice should take the form of question


    (stimulus) – answer (response) frames which
    expose the student to the subject in gradual
    steps.

    Require that the learner makes response for


    every frame and receives immediate
    feedback. 11
    Implications of Operant Conditioning

    Try to arrange the difficulty of the questions so


    the response is always correct and hence, a
    positive reinforcement.

    Ensure that good performance in the lesson is


    paired with secondary reinforcers such as verbal
    praise, prizes and good grades.
    12
    13

    You might also like