GENERAL PHYSICS

1
SCHOOL YEAR
Engr. LAZARO R. BINAY
2022
JR.
2023 SST-II
 OBJECTIVES:

4. Construct velocity vs. time and acceleration vs.

time graphs, respectively, corresponding to a
given position vs. time-graph and velocity vs.
time graph and vice versa.
5. Solve for unknown quantities in equations
involving one-dimensional uniformly accelerated
motion.
 OBJECTIVES:

6. Solve problems involving one-dimensional

motion with constant acceleration in contexts
such as, but not limited to, the “tail-gating
phenomenon”, pursuit, rocket launch, and free-
fall problems.
Position
vs. Time
Position vs. Time Graph
Position vs. Time Graph
𝑦
180
150 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 ∆ 𝒚
𝑺 𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 = =
⋅
120 𝒓𝒖𝒏 ∆ 𝒙 (6.0 , 90)
90

⋅
60 𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 ∆ 𝒚 = 𝒚𝟐− 𝒚𝟏
30
(2.0 , 30) 𝑟𝑢𝑛
∆ 𝒙=𝒙 𝟐 − 𝒙 𝟏
𝑥
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Position vs. Time Graph
𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
180
150

⋅
120
(6.0 , 90)
90

⋅
60 𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 ∆ 𝒙=𝒙 𝒇 − 𝒙 𝟎
30
(2.0 , 30) 𝑟𝑢𝑛
∆ 𝒕=𝒕 𝒇 − 𝒕 𝟎 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Position vs. Time Graph
𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
180
150

⋅
120
(6.0 , 90)
90

⋅
60 ∆ 𝒙=𝒙 𝒇 − 𝒙 𝟎
(2.0 , 30)
30
∆ 𝒕=𝒕 𝒇 − 𝒕 𝟎 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Position vs. Time Graph
𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
180
150 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 ∆ 𝒙
𝑺 𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 = =
⋅
120 𝒓𝒖𝒏 ∆ 𝒕 (6.0 , 90)
90

⋅
60 (2.0 , 30)
30
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Position vs. Time Graph
𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
180
150 ∆𝒙
𝒗=
⋅
120 ∆𝒕 (6.0 , 90)
90

⋅
60 (2.0 , 30)
30
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Position vs. Time Graph
Jill sets out from her home to deliver flyers for
her yard sale, travelling due east along her street
lined with houses. At and later she runs out of
flyers and has to retrace her steps back to get
more. This takes another . After picking up more
flyers, she sets out again on the same path,
continuing where she left off, and ends up from
her house.
Position vs. Time Graph
This third leg of trip takes . At this point she
turns back turns back toward her house, heading
west. After and she stops to rest.

e. Make a graph of position vs. time

 Position vs. Time Graph
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

⋅
Time Position (33 , 1. 0)
(min) (km)

⋅
1.0 (9 , 0 .5)

⋅ ⋅ 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

⋅
( 0 , 0) (0 , 18)

-1.0 (58,−0.75)

10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

 Position vs. Time Graph
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

⋅
Time Position (33 , 1. 0)
(min) (km)

⋅
1.0 (9 , 0 .5)

⋅ ⋅ 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

⋅
( 0 , 0) (18 , 0)

-1.0 (58,−0.75)

10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

 Position vs. Time Graph

∆𝑥 ∆𝑥
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒= 𝑣=
Slope
Average
∆𝑡 Change in the y-axis
Distance traveled
∆𝑡 Change in the x-axis
Time interval
Speed
Average Change in position (displacement) Time interval
Velocity
Example 1: Finding Velocity
Example 1: Finding Velocity
Velocity
vs. Time
Velocity vs. Time Graph
 Velocity vs. Time Graph
𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦(𝑣)
1.25
∆𝒗
𝒂=
1.0
∆𝒕
0.5 ∆𝑣
∆𝑡
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒(𝑡)

10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

 Velocity vs. Time Graph

∆𝑣 ∆𝑣
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒= 𝑎=
Slope
∆𝑡 Change in the y-axis
∆𝑡 Change in the x-axis
Acceleration Change in velocity Time interval
 Velocity vs. Time Graph
𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦(𝑣)
1.25

1.0 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂=∆ 𝒙
0.5

𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒(𝑡)

10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

 Velocity vs. Time Graph

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Area Change in the y-axis Change in the x-axis
Displacement Change in velocity Time interval
Example 1: Finding under v vs. t graph
Equivalent p vs. t graph of v vs. t graph

∆ 𝒙=𝟎 ∆ 𝒙=𝟎
𝒂=𝟎
Example 2: Instantaneous Velocity and Speed

Consider the motion of a particle in which the

position is

a. What is the instantaneous velocity at , , .

b. What is the speed of the particle at these
times?
 Example 2: Instantaneous Velocity and Speed

c. What is the position of the object at these times?

d. Draw the graph of position and velocity as a
function of time.
Example 2: Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
eleration
Acceleration vs. Time
Graph
Review:
Review:
 Acceleration vs. Time Graph
1.25
∆𝒂
𝑱𝒆𝒓𝒌=
1.0
∆𝒕
0.5 ∆𝑎
∆𝑡
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑎)

10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 ( 𝑡 )
 Acceleration vs. Time Graph

∆𝑎 ∆𝑣
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒= 𝐽𝑒𝑟𝑘=
Slope
∆𝑡 Change in the y-axis
∆𝑡
Change in the x-axis
Jerk Change in velocity Time interval
 Acceleration vs. Time Graph
1.25

1.0 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂=∆ 𝒗
0.5
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑎)

10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒(𝑡)
Example 1: Finding Velocity under a vs. t
Equivalent v vs. t of a vs. t graph
Example 2: Instantaneous Acceleration

Consider the motion of a particle in which the

velocity is

a. Find the instantaneous velocity at .

b. Find the instantaneous acceleration at .
 Example 2: Instantaneous Velocity and Speed

c. Make a graph of velocity vs time.

d. Construct an acceleration vs. time graph based
from velocity vs. time graph.
Example 2: Instantaneous Velocity and Speed

c. Make a graph of velocity vs time.

Example 2: Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
d. Construct an acceleration vs. time graph based
from velocity vs. time graph.
Summary:
Graph Slope Area
Position VS.
Time
Velocity VS.
Time
Acceleration VS.
Time
Predict the v vs. t and a vs. t graphs
Summary:
Predict the v vs. t and a vs. t graphs
Predict the v vs. t and a vs. t graphs
Predict the v vs. t and a vs. t graphs
Predict the v vs. t and a vs. t graphs
Summary:
Summary:
 Velocity vs Time to Position vs. Time

4.0
3.0
2.0
Velocity

1.0

-1.0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
time
 Velocity vs Time to Position vs. Time

4.0
3.0
2.0
Velocity

1.0

-1.0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
time
 Velocity vs Time to Position vs. Time

4.0
3.0
2.0
𝟔𝒎 𝟏𝟐𝒎
velocity

1.0 2

-1.0
-2.0 -20

-3.0
-4.0
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
time
 Velocity vs Time to Position vs. Time

20.0
16.0
position

12.0
8.0
4.0

2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0

time
 Velocity vs Time to Position vs. Time
4.0

2.0
Velocity

-2.0

-4.0

-6.0
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
Time
 Velocity vs Time to Position vs. Time
4.0

2.0
𝟏𝟎
Velocity

− 𝟏𝟔
-2.0

-4.0
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0
Time
 Velocity vs Time to Position vs. Time
12.0
8.0
4.0
position

-4.0
-8.0
-12.0
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0
Time
Practice Problem 1:
1.25

1.0

0.5
𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦(𝑣)

10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒(𝑡)
Practice Problem 2:
Practice Problem 3:
x
Position, d (m)

t
𝒕𝟏 𝒕𝟐 𝒕𝟑 𝒕𝟒 𝒕𝟓
Time, t (s)
Practice Problem 4:
Construct a v vs. t graph from the given graph below.